Aye LADEE - Robert Ferguson Observatory
... You will then note that Jupiter climbs higher into the periods each year. It also remains rather low to the horizon, predawn sky faster than does Mars as summer continues into though now and then we can see it easily at a good altitude fall. That is because Earth easily catches up with Jupiter when ...
... You will then note that Jupiter climbs higher into the periods each year. It also remains rather low to the horizon, predawn sky faster than does Mars as summer continues into though now and then we can see it easily at a good altitude fall. That is because Earth easily catches up with Jupiter when ...
Red shift in spectra of galaxies
... was noticed by Einstein himself, but after the discovery of functionary solutions with Λ = 0 by А. Friedman [6], the modern shape of the GRT was finally formed. The decisive argument of GRT to equal Λ - element to zero is the necessity of right limit passage to Newtonian gravitation theory. In the ...
... was noticed by Einstein himself, but after the discovery of functionary solutions with Λ = 0 by А. Friedman [6], the modern shape of the GRT was finally formed. The decisive argument of GRT to equal Λ - element to zero is the necessity of right limit passage to Newtonian gravitation theory. In the ...
Resource Letter BH-2: Black Holes
... Elena Gallo∗ and Donald Marolf† Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530 This resource letter is designed to guide students, educators, and researchers through (some of) the literature on black holes. Both the physics and astrophysics of black holes are discussed. ...
... Elena Gallo∗ and Donald Marolf† Department of Physics, University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9530 This resource letter is designed to guide students, educators, and researchers through (some of) the literature on black holes. Both the physics and astrophysics of black holes are discussed. ...
three-body dynamics with gravitational wave emission
... will be detectable by LISA during inspiral but will not reach high enough frequencies to be detectable by currently planned ground-based detectors. After the final inspiral phase, the gravitational wave signal goes through a merger phase, in which the horizons cross, and a ring-down phase, in which ...
... will be detectable by LISA during inspiral but will not reach high enough frequencies to be detectable by currently planned ground-based detectors. After the final inspiral phase, the gravitational wave signal goes through a merger phase, in which the horizons cross, and a ring-down phase, in which ...
Kirchhoff law
... Implications Planck and Wien Law (I) Earth receives energy in the shorter wavelength portions of the spectrum, while it loses its energy in the longwave portions of the spectrum > clear separation possible around 4 µm. Ø Distinction between incoming and outgoing energy is made easy for planets such ...
... Implications Planck and Wien Law (I) Earth receives energy in the shorter wavelength portions of the spectrum, while it loses its energy in the longwave portions of the spectrum > clear separation possible around 4 µm. Ø Distinction between incoming and outgoing energy is made easy for planets such ...
The ultra-luminous x-ray sources near center of M82
... Ultra-Luminous X-ray Sources (ULXs) off-nuclear X-ray sources (not at the center) with isotropic luminosities much higher than the Eddington limit for a solar mass black hole (Lx ~ 1.381038 erg/s) Typical X-ray luminosities of ULXs are in between 1039 erg/s and 1041 erg/s (AGN > 1041 erg/s) ...
... Ultra-Luminous X-ray Sources (ULXs) off-nuclear X-ray sources (not at the center) with isotropic luminosities much higher than the Eddington limit for a solar mass black hole (Lx ~ 1.381038 erg/s) Typical X-ray luminosities of ULXs are in between 1039 erg/s and 1041 erg/s (AGN > 1041 erg/s) ...
S4_Testbank
... Answer: An atomic nucleus is made of protons and neutrons. The neutrons have no charge, but protons are positively charged. Thus, if it were just up to the electromagnetic force, a nucleus would fall apart due to the repulsion between the positive protons. Since the strong force is holding the nucle ...
... Answer: An atomic nucleus is made of protons and neutrons. The neutrons have no charge, but protons are positively charged. Thus, if it were just up to the electromagnetic force, a nucleus would fall apart due to the repulsion between the positive protons. Since the strong force is holding the nucle ...
stringcos2012-final Jae Weon Lee
... Why does physics involve with information? Landauer’s principle • Erasing information dS consumes energy >=TdS Solving Maxwell’s demon problem ...
... Why does physics involve with information? Landauer’s principle • Erasing information dS consumes energy >=TdS Solving Maxwell’s demon problem ...
Lecture 16, AGN Evolution
... that hides the accretion disk, then only slowermoving clouds farther from the black hole are visible, and the emission lines are narrow ...
... that hides the accretion disk, then only slowermoving clouds farther from the black hole are visible, and the emission lines are narrow ...
Unruh Effect in Closed String Theory
... in Minkowski Space-time. If we can represent the solution of Klein-Gordon eq. in Rindler space-time by the combination of the solutions of Klein-Gordon eq. in Minkowski space-time, it would be OK! Minkowski ...
... in Minkowski Space-time. If we can represent the solution of Klein-Gordon eq. in Rindler space-time by the combination of the solutions of Klein-Gordon eq. in Minkowski space-time, it would be OK! Minkowski ...
Schwarzschild solution
... For a given, fixed star mass M, he examined how space and time are curved if the star is made smaller and smaller in size. Singularity: if the star is made smaller than a certain critical size, the gravitational redshift of light (time dilation, remember) predicted by his solution was infinite! ...
... For a given, fixed star mass M, he examined how space and time are curved if the star is made smaller and smaller in size. Singularity: if the star is made smaller than a certain critical size, the gravitational redshift of light (time dilation, remember) predicted by his solution was infinite! ...
Evolution of supermassive stars as a pathway to black hole formation
... the star. This is problematic, because the specific entropy of the gas in an n = 3 polytrope (as measured, e.g., by K) is uniquely determined by the mass. Matter about to join the star will generally have much higher entropy than the required value. (This can be ascertained, in a specific case, by c ...
... the star. This is problematic, because the specific entropy of the gas in an n = 3 polytrope (as measured, e.g., by K) is uniquely determined by the mass. Matter about to join the star will generally have much higher entropy than the required value. (This can be ascertained, in a specific case, by c ...
Black Holes
... partons are within their Schwarzschild radius or that entropy is sufficiently large: Mmin = 3-4 * MD ...
... partons are within their Schwarzschild radius or that entropy is sufficiently large: Mmin = 3-4 * MD ...
Asymptotic Safety in Quantum Gravity and Diffeomorphic Non
... singularity r = 0. Due to the boundary condition ρ(r = 0) = 0, there is a curvature tensor singularity and the Kretschmann invariant Rµνρσ Rµνρσ ∼ (2GM )2 /ρ(r)6 diverges at ρ(r = 0) = 0. In this extreme case, when the the location of the horizon merges with the singularity, there is a null-line sin ...
... singularity r = 0. Due to the boundary condition ρ(r = 0) = 0, there is a curvature tensor singularity and the Kretschmann invariant Rµνρσ Rµνρσ ∼ (2GM )2 /ρ(r)6 diverges at ρ(r = 0) = 0. In this extreme case, when the the location of the horizon merges with the singularity, there is a null-line sin ...
Chapter 14 Black Holes as Central Engines
... chapter demonstrates conceptually that it is possible to extract energy from rotating classical black holes. 2. Penrose processes themselves are not likely to lead to large extraction of energy from black holes in astrophysical environments. However, there are two general classes of phenomena that c ...
... chapter demonstrates conceptually that it is possible to extract energy from rotating classical black holes. 2. Penrose processes themselves are not likely to lead to large extraction of energy from black holes in astrophysical environments. However, there are two general classes of phenomena that c ...
Chapter 27 Quasars, Active Galaxies, and Gamma
... • The only known engine which is powerful enough and compact enough is a black hole • Quasars contain supermassive black holes ...
... • The only known engine which is powerful enough and compact enough is a black hole • Quasars contain supermassive black holes ...
Hawking radiation
Hawking radiation is black body radiation that is predicted to be released by black holes, due to quantum effects near the event horizon. It is named after the physicist Stephen Hawking, who provided a theoretical argument for its existence in 1974, and sometimes also after Jacob Bekenstein, who predicted that black holes should have a finite, non-zero temperature and entropy.Hawking's work followed his visit to Moscow in 1973 where the Soviet scientists Yakov Zeldovich and Alexei Starobinsky showed him that, according to the quantum mechanical uncertainty principle, rotating black holes should create and emit particles. Hawking radiation reduces the mass and energy of black holes and is therefore also known as black hole evaporation. Because of this, black holes that lose more mass than they gain through other means are expected to shrink and ultimately vanish. Micro black holes are predicted to be larger net emitters of radiation than larger black holes and should shrink and dissipate faster.In September 2010, a signal that is closely related to black hole Hawking radiation (see analog gravity) was claimed to have been observed in a laboratory experiment involving optical light pulses. However, the results remain unverified and debatable. Other projects have been launched to look for this radiation within the framework of analog gravity. In June 2008, NASA launched the Fermi space telescope, which is searching for the terminal gamma-ray flashes expected from evaporating primordial black holes. In the event that speculative large extra dimension theories are correct, CERN's Large Hadron Collider may be able to create micro black holes and observe their evaporation.