Indicator 3 Quantification and classification of beach litter items
... b) Collection of litter via benthic trawls. 3) Floating litter surveys, which include: a) Observations made from ship or aerial based platforms. b) Collection of litter via surface trawls. EC guidance on Monitoring of Marine Litter in European Seas identified additional methods: ...
... b) Collection of litter via benthic trawls. 3) Floating litter surveys, which include: a) Observations made from ship or aerial based platforms. b) Collection of litter via surface trawls. EC guidance on Monitoring of Marine Litter in European Seas identified additional methods: ...
Bacterial viruses in marine environment and their ecological role
... Viral abundance, also reported as number of virus-like particles and it typically ranges from 105 to 108 particles per milliliter of surface waters of the marine environment (Danovaro et al., 2003). The viral abundances in surface sediments at all depths down to abyssal sediments exceed those in the ...
... Viral abundance, also reported as number of virus-like particles and it typically ranges from 105 to 108 particles per milliliter of surface waters of the marine environment (Danovaro et al., 2003). The viral abundances in surface sediments at all depths down to abyssal sediments exceed those in the ...
IOC/SCOR Workshop on Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics
... Global Change is focused upon the mechanisms by which climate change will impact the dynamics of niarine animal populations, some of which are important food resources. Among marine animal populations,zooplanktonplay a pivotal role in shaping ecosystem structure and the cycling of biogenic elements. ...
... Global Change is focused upon the mechanisms by which climate change will impact the dynamics of niarine animal populations, some of which are important food resources. Among marine animal populations,zooplanktonplay a pivotal role in shaping ecosystem structure and the cycling of biogenic elements. ...
Coastal state regulation of navigation in adjacent
... While customarily a strong supporter of the freedoms of navigation, Australia has been prominent among the coastal States seeking to increase the regulation of navigation in adjacent waters, particularly with compulsory pilotage and ship reporting requirements through Torres Strait and the Inner Rou ...
... While customarily a strong supporter of the freedoms of navigation, Australia has been prominent among the coastal States seeking to increase the regulation of navigation in adjacent waters, particularly with compulsory pilotage and ship reporting requirements through Torres Strait and the Inner Rou ...
Report on Historic Deep Sea Disposal of Radioactive Waste
... very substantial amount of work was dedicated to the task of preventing harm to human health and the environment. A wide range of different concepts for dealing with nuclear waste were developed, depending on the amount and nature of the contained radioactive materials. Some of those concepts have b ...
... very substantial amount of work was dedicated to the task of preventing harm to human health and the environment. A wide range of different concepts for dealing with nuclear waste were developed, depending on the amount and nature of the contained radioactive materials. Some of those concepts have b ...
16 - Glencoe
... Natural and human effects on the coast All of these depositional coastal landforms, including large barrier islands, are unstable and temporary. Occasionally, major storms sweep away entire sections of barrier islands and redeposit the material elsewhere. Figure 16.11 shows the existence of South Go ...
... Natural and human effects on the coast All of these depositional coastal landforms, including large barrier islands, are unstable and temporary. Occasionally, major storms sweep away entire sections of barrier islands and redeposit the material elsewhere. Figure 16.11 shows the existence of South Go ...
Marine Environments and Resources
... found in areas where the seasonal streams (khors) reach the coast, as these produce the brackish and sediment-rich conditions necessary for mangroves to thrive. Mangroves stands are currently under severe pressure along the entire coastline from a combination of overgrazing and over-cutting, and in ...
... found in areas where the seasonal streams (khors) reach the coast, as these produce the brackish and sediment-rich conditions necessary for mangroves to thrive. Mangroves stands are currently under severe pressure along the entire coastline from a combination of overgrazing and over-cutting, and in ...
You Can`t Catch a Fish with a Robot
... there with these organisms that you could not do by dropping a baited hook and line, or net from the surface, as humans have been doing for millennia? Today there are literally thousands of robots dropped into the sea on a daily basis, although most not for scientific exploration. These robots typic ...
... there with these organisms that you could not do by dropping a baited hook and line, or net from the surface, as humans have been doing for millennia? Today there are literally thousands of robots dropped into the sea on a daily basis, although most not for scientific exploration. These robots typic ...
1 Lecture 14 - Marine Sediments – Formation and Distribution
... These include evaporites, which are sediments that are deposited as a result of evaporation of water and usually occur in restricted basins and lagoons on the shelf where evaporation exceeds precipitation and flushing in of water. This includes the minerals anhydrite, gypsum, halite, dolomite and mo ...
... These include evaporites, which are sediments that are deposited as a result of evaporation of water and usually occur in restricted basins and lagoons on the shelf where evaporation exceeds precipitation and flushing in of water. This includes the minerals anhydrite, gypsum, halite, dolomite and mo ...
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON PLANKTON
... organisms also play a crucial role in climate change through the export of the important greenhouse gas CO2 to the deep ocean by carbon sequestration in what is known as the ‘biological pump’. Without this process concentrations of CO2 would be much higher in the atmosphere and the climate of the wo ...
... organisms also play a crucial role in climate change through the export of the important greenhouse gas CO2 to the deep ocean by carbon sequestration in what is known as the ‘biological pump’. Without this process concentrations of CO2 would be much higher in the atmosphere and the climate of the wo ...
Key Concept Review (Answers to in-text “Concept Checks”) Chapter
... 11. Most sediment deposits are a mixture of biogenous and terrigenous particles, with an occasional hydrogenous or cosmogenous supplement. The dominant type gives its name to the mixture. 12. Neritic sediments consist primarily of terrigenous material. Deep-ocean floors are covered by finer sediment ...
... 11. Most sediment deposits are a mixture of biogenous and terrigenous particles, with an occasional hydrogenous or cosmogenous supplement. The dominant type gives its name to the mixture. 12. Neritic sediments consist primarily of terrigenous material. Deep-ocean floors are covered by finer sediment ...
conference handbook
... increasing the level of our collaboration and collective impact. As the EMSEA network grows, so do long term connections between all who participate. This year, we have a very special keynote speaker – Pierre-Yves Cousteau – along with excellent talks from our colleagues in 12 European countries, th ...
... increasing the level of our collaboration and collective impact. As the EMSEA network grows, so do long term connections between all who participate. This year, we have a very special keynote speaker – Pierre-Yves Cousteau – along with excellent talks from our colleagues in 12 European countries, th ...
Protection and conservation of the living resources of the Area
... transform inorganic matter into organic by photosynthesis, which is carried out thanks to solar energy. But on the deep ocean floor there is no sunlight so, as life is in close relation with the energy of the sun, the flora and fauna is scanty, everything looks like a desert. The sparse animals of t ...
... transform inorganic matter into organic by photosynthesis, which is carried out thanks to solar energy. But on the deep ocean floor there is no sunlight so, as life is in close relation with the energy of the sun, the flora and fauna is scanty, everything looks like a desert. The sparse animals of t ...
It`s Time for International Regulation of Ocean Noise Pollution
... in the marine environment are not regulated at an international level. In the past few years, however, international institutions have begun to recognize the threat intense ocean noise poses to marine life. In response, there have been calls for precaution in the use of anthropogenic ocean noise. Th ...
... in the marine environment are not regulated at an international level. In the past few years, however, international institutions have begun to recognize the threat intense ocean noise poses to marine life. In response, there have been calls for precaution in the use of anthropogenic ocean noise. Th ...
An inverse model for calculation of global volume Fan, Chenwu
... western boundary currents. Leetmaa and Bunker (1978), Meyers (1980), and Godfrey and Golding (1981) calculated similarly for the North Atlantic, tropical Pacific, and Indian Oceans. Baker (1982) examined the ⁎ Corresponding author. E-mail address: pcchu@nps.edu (P.C. Chu). 0924-7963/$ - see front ma ...
... western boundary currents. Leetmaa and Bunker (1978), Meyers (1980), and Godfrey and Golding (1981) calculated similarly for the North Atlantic, tropical Pacific, and Indian Oceans. Baker (1982) examined the ⁎ Corresponding author. E-mail address: pcchu@nps.edu (P.C. Chu). 0924-7963/$ - see front ma ...
Manned Submersibles, the Efficient Tools for Exploring Deep
... research areas including deep-sea enzymes, natural medicine and medicinal research began to draw a national research attention. The United States, France, Japan and other developed countries have been at the leading place in deep-sea creature research areas and a number of research programs on this ...
... research areas including deep-sea enzymes, natural medicine and medicinal research began to draw a national research attention. The United States, France, Japan and other developed countries have been at the leading place in deep-sea creature research areas and a number of research programs on this ...
Delivered Petition - Revision E
... Islands (2002). Other cases have occurred in Greece (1996), the U.S. Virgin Islands (1998, 1999), the Canary Islands (1985, 1986, 1989), and, most recently, the Northwest coast of the United States (2003). However, the magnitude of the problem is not known as several recent lines of evidence indicat ...
... Islands (2002). Other cases have occurred in Greece (1996), the U.S. Virgin Islands (1998, 1999), the Canary Islands (1985, 1986, 1989), and, most recently, the Northwest coast of the United States (2003). However, the magnitude of the problem is not known as several recent lines of evidence indicat ...
Section 4–4 4–4 Aquatic Ecosystems
... up a classroom aquarium. Also collect some abiotic elements—water, rocks, mud, sand, and the like—so the organisms will have as natural an environment as possible. Make sure you or students return all organisms to their original location at the end of this unit. ...
... up a classroom aquarium. Also collect some abiotic elements—water, rocks, mud, sand, and the like—so the organisms will have as natural an environment as possible. Make sure you or students return all organisms to their original location at the end of this unit. ...
Chapter 19 - Mr. Goodenough
... valuable materials from the depths because it would be too expensive to recover them. However, in the future, these deposits could become important. Other mineral deposits can precipitate from seawater. In this process, minerals that are dissolved in ocean water come out of solution and form solids ...
... valuable materials from the depths because it would be too expensive to recover them. However, in the future, these deposits could become important. Other mineral deposits can precipitate from seawater. In this process, minerals that are dissolved in ocean water come out of solution and form solids ...
A General Assembly United Nations Resolution adopted by the General Assembly
... Reiterating its concern at the adverse impacts on the marine environment and biodiversity, in particular on vulnerable marine ecosystems, including corals, of human activities, such as overutilization of living marine resources, the use of destructive practices, physical impacts by ships, the introd ...
... Reiterating its concern at the adverse impacts on the marine environment and biodiversity, in particular on vulnerable marine ecosystems, including corals, of human activities, such as overutilization of living marine resources, the use of destructive practices, physical impacts by ships, the introd ...
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... integrated, trans-disciplinary marine research, outreach and educational alliance at the University of Maine—Marine Research Solutions—as a signature research area. Our vision is to (1) improve understanding of the physical, biological and socioeconomic processes that shape the ocean; (2) be a relia ...
... integrated, trans-disciplinary marine research, outreach and educational alliance at the University of Maine—Marine Research Solutions—as a signature research area. Our vision is to (1) improve understanding of the physical, biological and socioeconomic processes that shape the ocean; (2) be a relia ...
Deep-sea genetic resources - Archimer
... marine organisms and habitats during scientific cruises. Threats to these biodiversity hotspots will probably increase in the upcoming decades concomitantly to the likely "industrialisation" of the deep ocean (deep-sea fisheries, oil, minerai mining) of which impact would overtake by far that of aca ...
... marine organisms and habitats during scientific cruises. Threats to these biodiversity hotspots will probably increase in the upcoming decades concomitantly to the likely "industrialisation" of the deep ocean (deep-sea fisheries, oil, minerai mining) of which impact would overtake by far that of aca ...
Deep Seabed Mining
... smokers”. The organisms that live there are like nothing else on Earth, as they draw their energy not from the sun but from the chemicals gushing from the vents. These thriving communities live in an extreme environment – one that is dark, deep (up to 5,000m depth), hot (up to 400°C), and usually st ...
... smokers”. The organisms that live there are like nothing else on Earth, as they draw their energy not from the sun but from the chemicals gushing from the vents. These thriving communities live in an extreme environment – one that is dark, deep (up to 5,000m depth), hot (up to 400°C), and usually st ...
Shetland Marine Spatial Plan: An ecosystem
... internationally to facilitate an assessment of the relationships between human uses and ecosystem components (Stelzenmuller et al., 2012, Alexander et al., 2012). It is widely acknowledged that the issue is proving difficult to resolve (HELCOM/VASAB et al., 2012). For example, some human activities ...
... internationally to facilitate an assessment of the relationships between human uses and ecosystem components (Stelzenmuller et al., 2012, Alexander et al., 2012). It is widely acknowledged that the issue is proving difficult to resolve (HELCOM/VASAB et al., 2012). For example, some human activities ...
The microbial view of marine biogeochemical cycles
... structure to function. The extraordinary advances in (meta)genomics, (meta)transcriptomics, and (meta)proteomics present additional new approaches that have the potential to provide detailed insight into the metabolic capabilities and thus functional roles of natural microbial communities. Together, ...
... structure to function. The extraordinary advances in (meta)genomics, (meta)transcriptomics, and (meta)proteomics present additional new approaches that have the potential to provide detailed insight into the metabolic capabilities and thus functional roles of natural microbial communities. Together, ...
Marine debris
Marine debris, also known as marine litter, is human-created waste that has deliberately or accidentally been released in a lake, sea, ocean or waterway. Floating oceanic debris tends to accumulate at the centre of gyres and on coastlines, frequently washing aground, when it is known as beach litter or tidewrack. Deliberate disposal of wastes at sea is called ocean dumping. Naturally occurring debris, such as driftwood, are also present.With the increasing use of plastic, human influence has become an issue as many types of plastics do not biodegrade. Waterborne plastic poses a serious threat to fish, seabirds, marine reptiles, and marine mammals, as well as to boats and coasts. Dumping, container spillages, litter washed into storm drains and waterways and wind-blown landfill waste all contribute to this problem.