Resection of focal cortical dysplasia located in the upper pre
... Functional recovery after cortical resection is determined either by the absence of function in the cortex removed or by functional compensation by the cortex left intact. Regions with histological evidence of FCD with balloon cells (type IIb) and increased intensity on FLAIR MR imaging are not co-l ...
... Functional recovery after cortical resection is determined either by the absence of function in the cortex removed or by functional compensation by the cortex left intact. Regions with histological evidence of FCD with balloon cells (type IIb) and increased intensity on FLAIR MR imaging are not co-l ...
Central Control of Motor Function
... The basal ganglia and cerebellum are large collections of nuclei that modify movement on a minute-to-minute basis. The motor cortex sends information to both, and both structures send information back via the thalamus. Output of the cerebellum is excitatory and inhibitory, while the basal ganglia ar ...
... The basal ganglia and cerebellum are large collections of nuclei that modify movement on a minute-to-minute basis. The motor cortex sends information to both, and both structures send information back via the thalamus. Output of the cerebellum is excitatory and inhibitory, while the basal ganglia ar ...
Low vision and brain plasticity Symposium abstract
... detection ability and long-term facilitation in the primary visual cortex. The mechanisms of cholinergic enhancement are closely linked to attentional processes, long-term potentiation and modulation of the excitatory/inhibitory balance. Here we examined whether the activation of the cholinergic neu ...
... detection ability and long-term facilitation in the primary visual cortex. The mechanisms of cholinergic enhancement are closely linked to attentional processes, long-term potentiation and modulation of the excitatory/inhibitory balance. Here we examined whether the activation of the cholinergic neu ...
Chapter 14:
... location of the substantia gelatinosa. (b) The circuit proposed by Melzack and Wall (1988) for their gatecontrol model of pain perception. See text for details. ...
... location of the substantia gelatinosa. (b) The circuit proposed by Melzack and Wall (1988) for their gatecontrol model of pain perception. See text for details. ...
"The Hidden Mind" - Emotion, Memory and the Brain by
... Despite our deeper understanding of this site in the amygdala, many details of ...
... Despite our deeper understanding of this site in the amygdala, many details of ...
Occipital Lobe
... The discovery of the visual cortex began in the late 1700's and spanned over a century. Investigators had little understanding of how the brain worked. ...
... The discovery of the visual cortex began in the late 1700's and spanned over a century. Investigators had little understanding of how the brain worked. ...
The Neuromodulatory Basis of Emotion
... study of the effects of these neuroactive substances gave rise to the "catecholamine hypothesis of affective disorders" (19) that presented general (brain-wide) catecholamine (NE) depletion as a characteristic of depression, and catecholamine excess as a characteristic of mania. Further studies sugg ...
... study of the effects of these neuroactive substances gave rise to the "catecholamine hypothesis of affective disorders" (19) that presented general (brain-wide) catecholamine (NE) depletion as a characteristic of depression, and catecholamine excess as a characteristic of mania. Further studies sugg ...
Sensory modalities are not separate modalities: plasticity and
... More recently, Sur and co-workers [2••] reported that these animals interpreted the activation of the rewired auditory cortex as visual sensation, indicating a functional relevance of the rewiring. There is also evidence for a cross-modal postnatal perceptual enhancement by prenatal sensory stimulat ...
... More recently, Sur and co-workers [2••] reported that these animals interpreted the activation of the rewired auditory cortex as visual sensation, indicating a functional relevance of the rewiring. There is also evidence for a cross-modal postnatal perceptual enhancement by prenatal sensory stimulat ...
Neuroscience, 4e
... Figure 9.1 Somatosensory afferents convey information from skin surface to central circuits (Part 1) ...
... Figure 9.1 Somatosensory afferents convey information from skin surface to central circuits (Part 1) ...
Neural Compensations After Lesion of the Cerebral Cortex
... forelimb reaching tasks but over a 15-day period they show significant improvement (see also Rowntree & Kolb, 1997). Animals with larger lesions show far less return of function, however, and. when it occurs, it may take many weeks or months to stabilize (e.g., Kolb et al., in press). A similar resu ...
... forelimb reaching tasks but over a 15-day period they show significant improvement (see also Rowntree & Kolb, 1997). Animals with larger lesions show far less return of function, however, and. when it occurs, it may take many weeks or months to stabilize (e.g., Kolb et al., in press). A similar resu ...
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... Broca,Werniche,Kussmaul) , can be identified with the consciousness formation that can be interpreted as a sort of constant,continous and simultaneous low-noise effect. When the cortex receives sufficient afferent impulses, it is said to be aroused or activated. That is, a critical number of cortica ...
... Broca,Werniche,Kussmaul) , can be identified with the consciousness formation that can be interpreted as a sort of constant,continous and simultaneous low-noise effect. When the cortex receives sufficient afferent impulses, it is said to be aroused or activated. That is, a critical number of cortica ...
Words in the Brain - Rice University -
... “[T]he effective unit of operation…is not the single neuron and its axon, but bundles or groups of cells and their axons with similar functional properties and anatomical connections.” Vernon Mountcastle, Perceptual Neuroscience (1998), p. 192 ...
... “[T]he effective unit of operation…is not the single neuron and its axon, but bundles or groups of cells and their axons with similar functional properties and anatomical connections.” Vernon Mountcastle, Perceptual Neuroscience (1998), p. 192 ...
Ch 15 Chemical Senses
... Figure 15.6 Recognition profiles for some odorants. Large dots indicate that the odorant causes a high firing rate for the receptor listed along the top; small dots indicate lower firing rates for the receptor. The structures of the compounds are shown on the right. (Adapted from Malnic et al., 199 ...
... Figure 15.6 Recognition profiles for some odorants. Large dots indicate that the odorant causes a high firing rate for the receptor listed along the top; small dots indicate lower firing rates for the receptor. The structures of the compounds are shown on the right. (Adapted from Malnic et al., 199 ...
evolutionary perspectives on language and brain plasticity
... map, interposing each sides’ strips between the other’s, so that points on a strip that represent the same point in viewed space are aligned right next to one another. This allows neurons nearby one another to compare signals, and thereby extract depth information from the slight shifts in disparity ...
... map, interposing each sides’ strips between the other’s, so that points on a strip that represent the same point in viewed space are aligned right next to one another. This allows neurons nearby one another to compare signals, and thereby extract depth information from the slight shifts in disparity ...
Neural computations that underlie decisions about sensory stimuli
... light, with some values being more likely than others when light is present (see Box 1). How do you use the value from the detector to decide if the light was present? This problem consists of deciding which hypothesis – light is present (h1) or light is absent (h2) – is most likely to be true given ...
... light, with some values being more likely than others when light is present (see Box 1). How do you use the value from the detector to decide if the light was present? This problem consists of deciding which hypothesis – light is present (h1) or light is absent (h2) – is most likely to be true given ...
Striate cortex increases contrast gain of macaque LGN neurons
... the cooling probe and thus likely to be subjected to the most extreme effects of cooling. Responses of superficial cells in Vl, tested for spatial-frequency selectivity, ceased during cooling and spatial-frequency selectivity curves subsequently returned to baseline during recovery. These studies al ...
... the cooling probe and thus likely to be subjected to the most extreme effects of cooling. Responses of superficial cells in Vl, tested for spatial-frequency selectivity, ceased during cooling and spatial-frequency selectivity curves subsequently returned to baseline during recovery. These studies al ...
to view: Introduction to the Structure and Function of the Central
... has caused the human brain to bend forward 90° relative to the central axis of the body (see Figure 3.1). Because these terms indicate the location of structures relative to other structures, it is possible for a structure in the anterior portion of the brain to be posterior to a structure that is e ...
... has caused the human brain to bend forward 90° relative to the central axis of the body (see Figure 3.1). Because these terms indicate the location of structures relative to other structures, it is possible for a structure in the anterior portion of the brain to be posterior to a structure that is e ...
D.U.C. Assist. Lec. Faculty of Dentistry General Physiology Ihsan
... Sensory (ascending) & Motor (descending) Pathways Before discussing the ascending and descending pathways, we need to give an orientation to the various areas of the cortex. (Figure 1) is a map of the human cerebral cortex, showing that it is divided into about 50 distinct areas called Brodmann’s ar ...
... Sensory (ascending) & Motor (descending) Pathways Before discussing the ascending and descending pathways, we need to give an orientation to the various areas of the cortex. (Figure 1) is a map of the human cerebral cortex, showing that it is divided into about 50 distinct areas called Brodmann’s ar ...
How the prefrontal executive got its stripes
... The DLPFC uses information to abstract rules for goaldirected behavior [5,35]. In this context, information from the internal environment must also reach the DLPFC. The systematic cortical variation within the PFC provides a circuit mechanism for this process. Thus, signals from the internal environ ...
... The DLPFC uses information to abstract rules for goaldirected behavior [5,35]. In this context, information from the internal environment must also reach the DLPFC. The systematic cortical variation within the PFC provides a circuit mechanism for this process. Thus, signals from the internal environ ...
Chapter 7 Appendix
... As we will see in the remainder of the book, a fruitful way to explore the nervous system is to divide it up into functional systems. Thus, the otfactlry systemconsistsof those parts of the brain that are devoted to the sense of smell, the visual systemincludes those parts that are devoted to vision ...
... As we will see in the remainder of the book, a fruitful way to explore the nervous system is to divide it up into functional systems. Thus, the otfactlry systemconsistsof those parts of the brain that are devoted to the sense of smell, the visual systemincludes those parts that are devoted to vision ...
diencephalon - ugur baran kasirga web pages
... Functions of the Diencephalon • The diencephalon ("interbrain") is the region of the vertebrate neural tube that gives rise to posterior forebrain structures. • In development, the forebrain develops from the prosencephalon , the most anterior vesicle of the neural tube that later forms both the di ...
... Functions of the Diencephalon • The diencephalon ("interbrain") is the region of the vertebrate neural tube that gives rise to posterior forebrain structures. • In development, the forebrain develops from the prosencephalon , the most anterior vesicle of the neural tube that later forms both the di ...
primary motor cortex - UPM EduTrain Interactive Learning
... sensorimotor system have patterns of activity programmed into them and complex movements are produced by activating these programs. Cerebellum and basal ganglia then serve to coordinate the various programs. ...
... sensorimotor system have patterns of activity programmed into them and complex movements are produced by activating these programs. Cerebellum and basal ganglia then serve to coordinate the various programs. ...
ch_12_lecture_outline_a
... Functional Areas of the Cerebral Cortex • The three types of functional areas are: • Motor areas—control voluntary movement • Sensory areas—conscious awareness of ...
... Functional Areas of the Cerebral Cortex • The three types of functional areas are: • Motor areas—control voluntary movement • Sensory areas—conscious awareness of ...
Cortical cooling
Neuroscientists generate various studies to help explain many of the complex connections and functions of the brain. Most studies utilize animal models that have varying degrees of comparison to the human brain; for example, small rodents are less comparable than non-human primates. One of the most definitive ways of determining which sections of the brain contribute to certain behavior or function is to deactivate a section of the brain and observe what behavior is altered. Investigators have a wide range of options for deactivating neural tissue, and one of the more recently developed methods being used is deactivation through cooling. Cortical cooling refers to the cooling methods restricted to the cerebral cortex, where most higher brain processes occur. Below is a list of current cooling methods, their advantages and limitations, and some studies that have used cooling to elucidate neural functions.