Structural Loop Between the Cerebellum and the Superior Temporal
... Resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) suggests that the cerebellum is connected to the superior temporal cortex (O’Reilly et al. 2010; Habas et al. 2011; Dobromyslin et al. 2012) and to the inferior and anterior temporal cortices (Krienen and Buckner 2009; Buckner ...
... Resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) suggests that the cerebellum is connected to the superior temporal cortex (O’Reilly et al. 2010; Habas et al. 2011; Dobromyslin et al. 2012) and to the inferior and anterior temporal cortices (Krienen and Buckner 2009; Buckner ...
The Brain - HallquistCPHS.com
... Module 5 is concerned with the structures and functions of the brain, the large, wrinkled mass that makes us what we are. The brain consists of the brainstem, the thalamus, the cerebellum, the limbic system, and the cerebral cortex. Knowledge of how the brain works has increased with advances in neu ...
... Module 5 is concerned with the structures and functions of the brain, the large, wrinkled mass that makes us what we are. The brain consists of the brainstem, the thalamus, the cerebellum, the limbic system, and the cerebral cortex. Knowledge of how the brain works has increased with advances in neu ...
Sensory system evolution at the origin of craniates
... in cephalopods, arthropods and craniates, and can arise with or without the elaboration of the migratory neural crest^ placodal sensory systems that are present in craniates. In contrast, in the normal phenotypes of bilaterally symmetrical animals, the reverse combination of elaborated migratory neu ...
... in cephalopods, arthropods and craniates, and can arise with or without the elaboration of the migratory neural crest^ placodal sensory systems that are present in craniates. In contrast, in the normal phenotypes of bilaterally symmetrical animals, the reverse combination of elaborated migratory neu ...
Predictability Modulates Human Brain Response to Reward
... Rescorla and Wagner, 1972; Robbins and Everitt, 1996), that is, reliably increases the likelihood of the behavior. The same concept applies to humans; however, humans have the ability to exert all sorts of executive control over their actions, and so behavioral assays alone are an incomplete way to ...
... Rescorla and Wagner, 1972; Robbins and Everitt, 1996), that is, reliably increases the likelihood of the behavior. The same concept applies to humans; however, humans have the ability to exert all sorts of executive control over their actions, and so behavioral assays alone are an incomplete way to ...
Topographic maps in human frontal and parietal cortex
... to eye movements [21], reaching movements [25,26], stimulus motion [21], visual objects [27], and spatial attention [19,28,29]. Possible homologies between human and macaque PPC areas are discussed in Box 3. Responses to movements Human PPC areas can be functionally differentiated based on their res ...
... to eye movements [21], reaching movements [25,26], stimulus motion [21], visual objects [27], and spatial attention [19,28,29]. Possible homologies between human and macaque PPC areas are discussed in Box 3. Responses to movements Human PPC areas can be functionally differentiated based on their res ...
Brain days-Part V-Limbic
... It is possible that the altered emotional regulation or cognition found in all of these syndromes involves aberrant function of these circuits, but perhaps with different patterns on a molecular level. Phillips et al. 2003 ...
... It is possible that the altered emotional regulation or cognition found in all of these syndromes involves aberrant function of these circuits, but perhaps with different patterns on a molecular level. Phillips et al. 2003 ...
Abstract
... somatosensory and auditory information to the cerebral cortex. A recent report in Neural Development shows how a forward genetic screen has enabled the identification of novel mutations affecting specific decision points of thalamocortical axon pathfinding. Understanding how the brain becomes wired- ...
... somatosensory and auditory information to the cerebral cortex. A recent report in Neural Development shows how a forward genetic screen has enabled the identification of novel mutations affecting specific decision points of thalamocortical axon pathfinding. Understanding how the brain becomes wired- ...
Inactivation of Parietal and Prefrontal Cortex Reveals
... of these subpopulations were matched to a greater extent (Chafee and Goldman-Rakic 1998) than could be gleaned from independent studies of the two populations using similar, but not identical, tasks (Andersen et al. 1990b; Bruce and Goldberg 1985; Funahashi et al. 1989 –1991; Gnadt and Andersen 1988 ...
... of these subpopulations were matched to a greater extent (Chafee and Goldman-Rakic 1998) than could be gleaned from independent studies of the two populations using similar, but not identical, tasks (Andersen et al. 1990b; Bruce and Goldberg 1985; Funahashi et al. 1989 –1991; Gnadt and Andersen 1988 ...
Recounting the impact of Hubel and Wiesel
... It was against this background that the impact of Hubel and Wiesel’s first paper (1959) can be appreciated. Their introduction set the tone: ‘In the central nervous system the visual pathway from retina to striate cortex provides an opportunity to observe and compare single unit responses at several ...
... It was against this background that the impact of Hubel and Wiesel’s first paper (1959) can be appreciated. Their introduction set the tone: ‘In the central nervous system the visual pathway from retina to striate cortex provides an opportunity to observe and compare single unit responses at several ...
Neural Basis of Prosopagnosia: An fMRI Study
... In the present study, we scanned three prosopagnosic patients using fMRI. One of the patients (AV, M, 42 years) is a pure developmental prosopagnosic, whereas the two other suffered a closed head injury in childhood. Developmental prosopagnosia is a face recognition deficit occurring in the absence ...
... In the present study, we scanned three prosopagnosic patients using fMRI. One of the patients (AV, M, 42 years) is a pure developmental prosopagnosic, whereas the two other suffered a closed head injury in childhood. Developmental prosopagnosia is a face recognition deficit occurring in the absence ...
CONSCIOUSNESS FROM NEURONS 1 Abstract. Consciousness
... known, relatively small lesions within the mesencephalic portion of this system in animals or man produce a permanent loss of consciousness (e.g., 17). However, there are a number of facts which now indicate that the centrencephalic system is not the primary focus of consciousness. First, in 19 pati ...
... known, relatively small lesions within the mesencephalic portion of this system in animals or man produce a permanent loss of consciousness (e.g., 17). However, there are a number of facts which now indicate that the centrencephalic system is not the primary focus of consciousness. First, in 19 pati ...
Neural tube formation in the chick embryo - CSE IITK
... Ganglion cells from specific locations in the chick retina project to specific locations in the optic tectum. This gives rise to the retinotectal map Dorsal ...
... Ganglion cells from specific locations in the chick retina project to specific locations in the optic tectum. This gives rise to the retinotectal map Dorsal ...
Understanding genetic, neurophysiological, and experiential
... Flexibility is a cornerstone of adaptive behavior and is made possible by a family of processes referred to collectively as executive functions. Executive functions vary in efficacy from individual to individual and also across developmental time. Infants and young children, for example, have diffic ...
... Flexibility is a cornerstone of adaptive behavior and is made possible by a family of processes referred to collectively as executive functions. Executive functions vary in efficacy from individual to individual and also across developmental time. Infants and young children, for example, have diffic ...
Transcripts/2_9 2
... c. Of the four kinds of receptors superficial in the skin you will have one rapidly adapting and one slowly adapting and deeper in the skin you will also have one rapidly adapting and one slowly adapting so everything is covered in both locations VIII. 2 Rapidly Adapting Touch Receptors [S14] a. The ...
... c. Of the four kinds of receptors superficial in the skin you will have one rapidly adapting and one slowly adapting and deeper in the skin you will also have one rapidly adapting and one slowly adapting so everything is covered in both locations VIII. 2 Rapidly Adapting Touch Receptors [S14] a. The ...
Computational modeling of responses in human visual
... the cell - lateral geniculate neurons, other V1 neurons, feedback signals from extrastriate cortex, and inputs received from the pulvinar. Stimulus-referred descriptions are a theoretical construct; a V1 neuron lives and dies in the dark, never being directly stimulated by photons. In describing the ...
... the cell - lateral geniculate neurons, other V1 neurons, feedback signals from extrastriate cortex, and inputs received from the pulvinar. Stimulus-referred descriptions are a theoretical construct; a V1 neuron lives and dies in the dark, never being directly stimulated by photons. In describing the ...
Multisensory anatomical pathways - Centre de Recherche Cerveau
... somatosensory, vestibular, motor and polysensory areas (Duhamel et al., 1998) that confer typical multimodal responses to the VIP neurons (Bremmer et al., 2002; Schlack et al., 2005; Avillac et al., 2007). Similarly, the connectivity pattern of the LIP (Andersen et al., 1990; Blatt et al., 1990; Lew ...
... somatosensory, vestibular, motor and polysensory areas (Duhamel et al., 1998) that confer typical multimodal responses to the VIP neurons (Bremmer et al., 2002; Schlack et al., 2005; Avillac et al., 2007). Similarly, the connectivity pattern of the LIP (Andersen et al., 1990; Blatt et al., 1990; Lew ...
Cell Density in the Border Zone Around Old Small Human Brain
... coronal and the horizontal planes at various distances from the margin of the infarct. Corresponding counting points in the contralateral hemisphere served as control. On light microscopy, the infarcted cortex was irregularly shaped, but on serial sections the bulging parts appeared to be cut off fr ...
... coronal and the horizontal planes at various distances from the margin of the infarct. Corresponding counting points in the contralateral hemisphere served as control. On light microscopy, the infarcted cortex was irregularly shaped, but on serial sections the bulging parts appeared to be cut off fr ...
Role of Basal Ganglia in the Regulation of Motor Activities by the
... cortex enters in the direct and indirect pathways) after arising from the motor cortex and directly projects to the subthalamic nucleus. From the later, excitatory inputs enter the Gpi. The hyperdirect pathway functions to inhibit incorrect motor activities / movements. Lesions in this pathway (such ...
... cortex enters in the direct and indirect pathways) after arising from the motor cortex and directly projects to the subthalamic nucleus. From the later, excitatory inputs enter the Gpi. The hyperdirect pathway functions to inhibit incorrect motor activities / movements. Lesions in this pathway (such ...
The Importance of Chaos Theory in the Development of Artificial
... networks have proven to have very practical results from a computer science point of view. Chaos theory has a good chance of being one of these developments. To give some idea of how nondeterministic behavior might be produced by an artificial neural system, imagine a net with two layers and both fe ...
... networks have proven to have very practical results from a computer science point of view. Chaos theory has a good chance of being one of these developments. To give some idea of how nondeterministic behavior might be produced by an artificial neural system, imagine a net with two layers and both fe ...
The Neurally Controlled Animat: Biological Brains Acting
... Fig. 1. Scheme for the Neurally Controlled Animat. A network of hundreds or thousands of dissociated mammalian cortical cells (neurons and glia) are cultured on a transparent multi-electrode array. Their activity is recorded extracellularly to control the behavior of an artificial animal (the Animat ...
... Fig. 1. Scheme for the Neurally Controlled Animat. A network of hundreds or thousands of dissociated mammalian cortical cells (neurons and glia) are cultured on a transparent multi-electrode array. Their activity is recorded extracellularly to control the behavior of an artificial animal (the Animat ...
12 - Mrs. Jensen's Science Classroom
... • Visual association area – Surrounds primary visual cortex – Uses past visual experiences to interpret visual stimuli (e.g., color, form, and movement) • E.g., ability to recognize faces ...
... • Visual association area – Surrounds primary visual cortex – Uses past visual experiences to interpret visual stimuli (e.g., color, form, and movement) • E.g., ability to recognize faces ...
Nonlinear Changes in Brain Activity During Continuous Word
... have revealed regions with linearly increasing activation as a function of increased working or episodic memory load1-4 and regions correlating with the amount of successfully encoded items.5 Often 2 or 3 parametric steps were used to detect a linear correlation between the experimental parameter of ...
... have revealed regions with linearly increasing activation as a function of increased working or episodic memory load1-4 and regions correlating with the amount of successfully encoded items.5 Often 2 or 3 parametric steps were used to detect a linear correlation between the experimental parameter of ...
The Brain and Spinal Cord
... from the brain, but it also has its own system of automatic processes, called re exes. The top of the spinal cord merges with the brain stem, where the basic processes of life are controlled, such as breathing and digestion. In the opposite direction, the spinal cord ends just below the ribscontrar ...
... from the brain, but it also has its own system of automatic processes, called re exes. The top of the spinal cord merges with the brain stem, where the basic processes of life are controlled, such as breathing and digestion. In the opposite direction, the spinal cord ends just below the ribscontrar ...
A non-invasive method to relate the timing of neural activity to white
... The neurophysiological basis of variability in the latency of evoked neural responses has been of interest for decades. We describe a method to identify white matter pathways that may contribute to inter-individual variability in the timing of neural activity. We investigated the relation of the lat ...
... The neurophysiological basis of variability in the latency of evoked neural responses has been of interest for decades. We describe a method to identify white matter pathways that may contribute to inter-individual variability in the timing of neural activity. We investigated the relation of the lat ...
Document
... Many students have encountered the material in this unit before, either in biology or in high school psychology. The trick, then, is to make this material clear but also different enough in orientation from what they have learned earlier so that it will engage their interest. To the extent that you ...
... Many students have encountered the material in this unit before, either in biology or in high school psychology. The trick, then, is to make this material clear but also different enough in orientation from what they have learned earlier so that it will engage their interest. To the extent that you ...
Cortical cooling
Neuroscientists generate various studies to help explain many of the complex connections and functions of the brain. Most studies utilize animal models that have varying degrees of comparison to the human brain; for example, small rodents are less comparable than non-human primates. One of the most definitive ways of determining which sections of the brain contribute to certain behavior or function is to deactivate a section of the brain and observe what behavior is altered. Investigators have a wide range of options for deactivating neural tissue, and one of the more recently developed methods being used is deactivation through cooling. Cortical cooling refers to the cooling methods restricted to the cerebral cortex, where most higher brain processes occur. Below is a list of current cooling methods, their advantages and limitations, and some studies that have used cooling to elucidate neural functions.