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origin from ancestors similar to charophytes
origin from ancestors similar to charophytes

... Fertilization yields new diploid sporophytes. ...
Southern Waxmyrtle - LSU Coastal Roots Program
Southern Waxmyrtle - LSU Coastal Roots Program

... LSU Coastal Roots Program ...
Crown - of - Thorns (Euphorbia milii)
Crown - of - Thorns (Euphorbia milii)

... For the past 20 -30 years growers in Thailand have developed an array of hybrids with much larger flowers (i.e. the cyathophylls) than found in previous cultivars, with a seemingly infinite variety of color combinations. These range from all shades of red and pink to cream and yellow, often with ble ...
leaves - Middletown Public Schools
leaves - Middletown Public Schools

... „ The large, fuzzy, silvery, floral and vegetative buds of Saucer Magnolia provide ornamental appeal in the Winter landscape. „ On Saucer Magnolia, once the floral bud scales abscise and the corolla elongates but is not yet open, the floral structure is termed a candle and has a purplish-pink and wh ...
Everything you need to know about Agave
Everything you need to know about Agave

... By Randall Tom ...
PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF SIDA CORDIFOLIA L.-A THREATENED MEDICINAL HERB
PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF SIDA CORDIFOLIA L.-A THREATENED MEDICINAL HERB

... parenchyma, xylem fibres and medullary rays. Vessels many, occur in scattered groups of 2 to 4. Xylem parenchyma cells are thick walled, surround the vessels but do not form concentric rings and contain starch grains. Xylem fibres are thick walled and more in number than xylem parenchyma. Medullary ...
Cocoplum - Lee County Extension
Cocoplum - Lee County Extension

... a hedge, space plants 40 to 60 inches on center. When planted too closely, there is a tendency for them to exhibit more drought sensitivity than properly spaced plants. It will take about 12 months for an acceptable hedge to develop. Hand prune once a year, or more if desired. Cocoplum can be used a ...
2015 - oklahoma proven
2015 - oklahoma proven

... Phlox Volcano® is more compact, fragrant, and powdery mildew tolerant than other garden phlox types. Plants develop sturdy stems, 24-28” tall, with deep green leaves and an abundance of large flowers that appear from June to September if plants are cut back after initial bloom. Flower colors range f ...
Register of Australian Herbage Plant Cultivars
Register of Australian Herbage Plant Cultivars

... This variety is derived from material introduced to Australia sometime prior to 1920. The precise circumstances of its introduction are not known but it probably came from England. Seed is produced in the Kindred and Forth areas between Devonport and Ulverstone on the north-west coast of Tasmania (4 ...
Viburnum - Lake County Extension
Viburnum - Lake County Extension

... will fly when the plant is disturbed, then re-light on the leaves. Their bodies are covered with a powdery wax. The silverleaf whitefly tends to fold its wings at an angle over its body, while the citrus whitefly holds its wings flat over its back, but it is difficult to tell them apart. Nymphs are ...
Mission 2
Mission 2

... again be pulled down by gravity, and this would tell the plant which way is down. The root would then start growing in that direction. In the same way that roots use gravity signals to grow downward, shoots use these signals to grow upward. Shoots also use light to tell which way to grow. Shoots gro ...
Marsh Marigold or Cowslip (Caltha palustris)
Marsh Marigold or Cowslip (Caltha palustris)

... become as much as eight inches across. Upper leaves are smaller. ...
Monocots and Dicots Lesson to Grow
Monocots and Dicots Lesson to Grow

... Riparian Bottomland Forests ...
a printable version (PDF 2686.5 KB)
a printable version (PDF 2686.5 KB)

... ‘Profusion’ grows along the Small Stream which flows from the Still Pond. This shrub bears dense clusters of striking purple berries on bare stems. ...
Rhus glabra
Rhus glabra

... Smooth Sumacs have some edible uses. The fruits can be chewed to quench thirst. An extract from the fruit can be used for flavoring lemony pies. The peeled young raw sprouts can be eaten as a salad. The bark was eaten as a delicacy. The fruit hairs contain sour malic acid but can be made into Rhus-a ...
American White Ash
American White Ash

... leaves are 20-30 cm long. They are green above, whitish glaucous below, and turn yellow, red, or purple in the autumn. The flowers are small, purplish, without petals; like all ashes, is usually dioecious, with male and female flowers being borne on separate trees. Flowering occurs in early spring a ...
THE TREES OF MILLSAPS COLLEGE
THE TREES OF MILLSAPS COLLEGE

... on young trunks and branches. It varies in color from orangebrown to silvery gray and peels off in thin, curly layers. Older bark becomes darker, thick, and scaly. The leaves are simple and alternately arranged, with doubly toothed margins and parallel side veins. The leaves are dull, dark green abo ...
Angiosperms
Angiosperms

... This section describes the type of seed plants that produce fruit and their life cycle. It also explains the difference between two groups of plants that produce different kinds of seeds. ...
Course - Missouri Center for Career Education
Course - Missouri Center for Career Education

... lesson on Plant Classification. Introduction to Grassland Management (Student Reference). University of MissouriColumbia: Instructional Materials Laboratory, 1997. Introduction to Grassland Management Curriculum Enhancement, “Unit I – Grasslands and Grassland Plants.” University of Missouri-Columbia ...
Laboratory 9: “Basal” Angiosperms 1
Laboratory 9: “Basal” Angiosperms 1

... diversity in angiosperm floral and vegetative morphology, remember that there are a number of features (synapomorphies) that unite the angiosperms. In particular, the ovules are contained within a carpel that, with very few exceptions, has become completely closed. As a result, pollination is indire ...
Plant Parts Go To Work
Plant Parts Go To Work

... Roots are the part of the plant that grows underground. They are very important to plants because they help the plant stand up and stay anchored in the ground. Roots get water to the rest of the plant and store extra food for the plant. Stems can be found between the roots and leaves of a plant. Som ...
Ash Tree Identification
Ash Tree Identification

... pricklyash, have “ash” in their name, they are not true ash, or Fraxinus species. Only true ash are susceptible to attack by emerald ash borer. ...
PPT Melon Insects
PPT Melon Insects

... in leaves and scar runners and young fruits, and can destroy flowers Feeding on stems of young plants followed by sustained winds result in severe stand reductions After the skin hardens, melons are much less subject to attack Larvae may injure plants by feeding on roots Beetles also spread squash m ...
The four European seagrass species
The four European seagrass species

... more narrow than those of Z. marina. Where Z. marina and Cymodocea nodosa occur in mixed stands, their leaves may be difficult to distinguish, but C. nodosa is easily identified by the long white to pink horizontal rhizome segments and the vertical rhizomes with compressed segments. Zostera noltii ...
PDF view - Woody Plants Database
PDF view - Woody Plants Database

... Occasionally saturated or very wet soil ...
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Leaf



A leaf is an organ of a vascular plant and is the principal lateral appendage of the stem. The leaves and stem together form the shoot. Foliage is a mass noun that refers to leaves collectively.Typically a leaf is a thin, dorsiventrally flattened organ, borne above ground and specialized for photosynthesis. Most leaves have distinctive upper (adaxial) and lower (abaxial) surfaces that differ in colour, hairiness, the number of stomata (pores that intake and output gases) and other features. In most plant species, leaves are broad and flat. Such species are referred to as broad-leaved plants. Many gymnosperm species have thin needle-like leaves that can be advantageous in cold climates frequented by snow and frost. Leaves can also have other shapes and forms such as the scales in certain species of conifers. Some leaves are not above ground (such as bulb scales). Succulent plants often have thick juicy leaves, but some leaves are without major photosynthetic function and may be dead at maturity, as in some cataphylls, and spines). Furthermore, several kinds of leaf-like structures found in vascular plants are not totally homologous with them. Examples include flattened plant stems (called phylloclades and cladodes), and phyllodes (flattened leaf stems), both of which differ from leaves in their structure and origin. Many structures of non-vascular plants, and even of some lichens, which are not plants at all (in the sense of being members of the kingdom Plantae), look and function much like leaves. The primary site of photosynthesis in most leaves (palisade mesophyll) almost always occurs on the upper side of the blade or lamina of the leaf but in some species, including the mature foliage of Eucalyptus palisade occurs on both sides and the leaves are said to be isobilateral.
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