missense meanderings in sequence space
... Taken as a whole, recent findings from biochemistry and evolutionary biology indicate that our understanding of protein evolution is incomplete, if not fundamentally flawed. The neutral theory of molecular evolution1, which states that all mutations that reach FIXATION in a population are selectivel ...
... Taken as a whole, recent findings from biochemistry and evolutionary biology indicate that our understanding of protein evolution is incomplete, if not fundamentally flawed. The neutral theory of molecular evolution1, which states that all mutations that reach FIXATION in a population are selectivel ...
Theodosius Dobzhansky: A Man For All Seasons
... individual variations (which the biometricians assumed passed from one generation to the next without being subject to Mendel’s laws of inheritance). The controversy between mutationists (also referred to at the time as Mendelians) and biometricians approached a resolution in the 1920s and ‘30s thro ...
... individual variations (which the biometricians assumed passed from one generation to the next without being subject to Mendel’s laws of inheritance). The controversy between mutationists (also referred to at the time as Mendelians) and biometricians approached a resolution in the 1920s and ‘30s thro ...
Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences
... autonomously replicating lower level entities are transformed by natural selection to become ‘parts’ of new higher level structures (Bonner 1974; Buss 1987). Together such events have become known as ‘major evolutionary transitions’ (Maynard Smith and Szathmary 1995; Jablonka and Lamb 2006; Okasha 2 ...
... autonomously replicating lower level entities are transformed by natural selection to become ‘parts’ of new higher level structures (Bonner 1974; Buss 1987). Together such events have become known as ‘major evolutionary transitions’ (Maynard Smith and Szathmary 1995; Jablonka and Lamb 2006; Okasha 2 ...
Fitness variation in response to artificial selection for reduced cell
... cellular basis of body size variation is everything but univocal and consistent. For instance, it is known that D. melanogaster thermal selection lines show a genetically larger size in cold adapted populations, together with a number of correlated traits that are parallel to the differences observe ...
... cellular basis of body size variation is everything but univocal and consistent. For instance, it is known that D. melanogaster thermal selection lines show a genetically larger size in cold adapted populations, together with a number of correlated traits that are parallel to the differences observe ...
Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences
... who defended Darwinian natural selection as the major cause of evolution through the cumulative effects of small, continuous, individual variations (which the biometricians assumed passed from one generation to the next without being subject to Mendel's laws of inheritance). The controversy between ...
... who defended Darwinian natural selection as the major cause of evolution through the cumulative effects of small, continuous, individual variations (which the biometricians assumed passed from one generation to the next without being subject to Mendel's laws of inheritance). The controversy between ...
Evolution 2010 Wilkins-1
... two loci, with each allele selected to increase its level of expression without limit. Clearly, infinite escalation is not biologically realistic, and at some point other factors or processes will limit this arms race in expression level. One possibility is that this escalation terminates when one o ...
... two loci, with each allele selected to increase its level of expression without limit. Clearly, infinite escalation is not biologically realistic, and at some point other factors or processes will limit this arms race in expression level. One possibility is that this escalation terminates when one o ...
Domains, Brains and Evolution
... (2) An information-processing mechanism (or set of such mechanisms) dedicated to producing established responses to a problem (or set of problems) routinely faced by the organism. (3) The output of an information-processing mechanism, where ‘output’ is taken to mean not behaviour, but rather an info ...
... (2) An information-processing mechanism (or set of such mechanisms) dedicated to producing established responses to a problem (or set of problems) routinely faced by the organism. (3) The output of an information-processing mechanism, where ‘output’ is taken to mean not behaviour, but rather an info ...
processes shaping diversity
... n On the Origin of Species Charles Darwin was primarily interested in the evolution of species over geological time. Others have been more concerned with processes operating on genetic diversity, within a single species, over a timescale of generations. These two scales of evolutionary change are of ...
... n On the Origin of Species Charles Darwin was primarily interested in the evolution of species over geological time. Others have been more concerned with processes operating on genetic diversity, within a single species, over a timescale of generations. These two scales of evolutionary change are of ...
The speed of ecological speciation
... almost ‘flat’, surfaces corresponding to genotype combinations of high fitness. These surfaces are then punctuated by large holes that correspond to genotype combinations of very low fitness (Gavrilets 2003, 2004). Different populations on these landscapes can evolve intrinsic genetic incompatibilit ...
... almost ‘flat’, surfaces corresponding to genotype combinations of high fitness. These surfaces are then punctuated by large holes that correspond to genotype combinations of very low fitness (Gavrilets 2003, 2004). Different populations on these landscapes can evolve intrinsic genetic incompatibilit ...
How species evolve collectively: implications of gene flow and
... references provided within the literature found through these search results were also surveyed. Criteria for studies included in our database were as follows: (1) only nondomesticated populations were included; (2) phenotypic variation in traits must be experimentally varied, either through direct ...
... references provided within the literature found through these search results were also surveyed. Criteria for studies included in our database were as follows: (1) only nondomesticated populations were included; (2) phenotypic variation in traits must be experimentally varied, either through direct ...
LabReviewS13 Labs1-6-2
... Are the 2 sub-populations of F1 (hairy vs. nonhairy) different? Are the means statistically different? A T-test could be used to determine if 2 sets of data are statistically different from each other ...
... Are the 2 sub-populations of F1 (hairy vs. nonhairy) different? Are the means statistically different? A T-test could be used to determine if 2 sets of data are statistically different from each other ...
Lab review 1-6
... Are the 2 sub-populations of F1 (hairy vs. nonhairy) different? Are the means statistically different? A T-test could be used to determine if 2 sets of data are statistically different from each other ...
... Are the 2 sub-populations of F1 (hairy vs. nonhairy) different? Are the means statistically different? A T-test could be used to determine if 2 sets of data are statistically different from each other ...
Intralocus sexual conflict
... but does not reveal which shared phenotypic traits mediate the conflict. A phenotypic trait is strongly implicated in IASC when the sign of selection on the trait differs between sexes (i.e. selection is sexually antagonistic, favouring greater sexual dimorphism), but rmf for the trait is positive. ...
... but does not reveal which shared phenotypic traits mediate the conflict. A phenotypic trait is strongly implicated in IASC when the sign of selection on the trait differs between sexes (i.e. selection is sexually antagonistic, favouring greater sexual dimorphism), but rmf for the trait is positive. ...
Does Darwin belong in business? The danger and
... optimality in their organisations; an implicit evolution to more advanced/adapted measurement systems. For example, ERP systems embody Best Practice. This may lead to stasis - another biological concept. After a period of rapid change/adaptation, an organism stays in a static level of development un ...
... optimality in their organisations; an implicit evolution to more advanced/adapted measurement systems. For example, ERP systems embody Best Practice. This may lead to stasis - another biological concept. After a period of rapid change/adaptation, an organism stays in a static level of development un ...
On Adaptive Accuracy and Precision in Natural Populations
... their target phenotypes. For these reasons we suggest that it is better to conceptualize adaptation as accuracy rather than as optimality. The adaptive inaccuracy of a genotype can be measured as a function of the expected distance of its associated phenotype from a fitness optimum. The less the dis ...
... their target phenotypes. For these reasons we suggest that it is better to conceptualize adaptation as accuracy rather than as optimality. The adaptive inaccuracy of a genotype can be measured as a function of the expected distance of its associated phenotype from a fitness optimum. The less the dis ...
full text pdf
... The conceptualization of natural selection by Elliott Sober has had an enormous influence on both philosophers of biology and professional biologists1. He addresses, in his work The Nature of Selection2, the issues of how to understand and explain natural selection. This position has become known as ...
... The conceptualization of natural selection by Elliott Sober has had an enormous influence on both philosophers of biology and professional biologists1. He addresses, in his work The Nature of Selection2, the issues of how to understand and explain natural selection. This position has become known as ...
The Effect of Variation in the Effective Population Size on the Rate of
... varies between groups of organisms for a given Ne. The correlation between xa and Ne does not appear to be an artifact of demographic change or selection on synonymous codon use. Our results suggest that adaptation is to some extent limited by the supply of mutations and that at least some adaptatio ...
... varies between groups of organisms for a given Ne. The correlation between xa and Ne does not appear to be an artifact of demographic change or selection on synonymous codon use. Our results suggest that adaptation is to some extent limited by the supply of mutations and that at least some adaptatio ...
Recent Evolutionary Theorizing About Economic Change
... The difference is between two different kinds of theories, in the sense that the mechanisms and relationships treated as causal are different, or at least appear to be. One could respond by arguing that, while the language may be different, in fact the substance of theories using “biological concept ...
... The difference is between two different kinds of theories, in the sense that the mechanisms and relationships treated as causal are different, or at least appear to be. One could respond by arguing that, while the language may be different, in fact the substance of theories using “biological concept ...
Ecological genetics of floral evolution
... traits) or gametic-phase disequilibrium (nonrandom association between alleles at distinct loci, each of which affect variation in one trait of interest). Such correlations have two important consequences for adaptive evolution. First, selection on one trait causes evolution in all other traits with ...
... traits) or gametic-phase disequilibrium (nonrandom association between alleles at distinct loci, each of which affect variation in one trait of interest). Such correlations have two important consequences for adaptive evolution. First, selection on one trait causes evolution in all other traits with ...
The genetical theory of multilevel selection - synergy
... the theorem’s logic (cf. Gardner, 2011). These points illustrate the importance of being able to conceptually separate the unit, arena, character and target of selection. Natural selection in class-structured populations If individuals vary in their propensity to achieve reproductive success, for re ...
... the theorem’s logic (cf. Gardner, 2011). These points illustrate the importance of being able to conceptually separate the unit, arena, character and target of selection. Natural selection in class-structured populations If individuals vary in their propensity to achieve reproductive success, for re ...
The genetical theory of multilevel selection
... the theorem’s logic (cf. Gardner, 2011). These points illustrate the importance of being able to conceptually separate the unit, arena, character and target of selection. Natural selection in class-structured populations If individuals vary in their propensity to achieve reproductive success, for re ...
... the theorem’s logic (cf. Gardner, 2011). These points illustrate the importance of being able to conceptually separate the unit, arena, character and target of selection. Natural selection in class-structured populations If individuals vary in their propensity to achieve reproductive success, for re ...
Running with the Red Queen: the role of biotic conflicts in evolution
... RQ metaphor has been applied to different fields. For many evolutionary biologists, the RQH is most strongly associated with debates surrounding the evolution of sex. The RQH provides a mechanism by which sexual species are protected from elimination by asexuals despite the latter’s higher per capit ...
... RQ metaphor has been applied to different fields. For many evolutionary biologists, the RQH is most strongly associated with debates surrounding the evolution of sex. The RQH provides a mechanism by which sexual species are protected from elimination by asexuals despite the latter’s higher per capit ...
Evaluating Evidence of Psychological Adaptation
... uncovering the adaptations of human friendship and coalition formation. Life-history theory (e.g., Hill & Hurtado, 1996) may lead to a greater understanding of the adaptations that cause people to expend effort on different types of relationships over the course of their lives, as well as the reason ...
... uncovering the adaptations of human friendship and coalition formation. Life-history theory (e.g., Hill & Hurtado, 1996) may lead to a greater understanding of the adaptations that cause people to expend effort on different types of relationships over the course of their lives, as well as the reason ...
Negative frequency-dependent selection is frequently confounding
... impact of the frequency of variants on natural selection; the overwhelming majority this broad field is beyond the scope of the ideas presented here. Here I focus on natural polymorphisms that can be explained by negative frequency-dependent selection, where genetic diversity is maintained when a va ...
... impact of the frequency of variants on natural selection; the overwhelming majority this broad field is beyond the scope of the ideas presented here. Here I focus on natural polymorphisms that can be explained by negative frequency-dependent selection, where genetic diversity is maintained when a va ...
Running with the Red Queen: the role of
... RQ metaphor has been applied to different fields. For many evolutionary biologists, the RQH is most strongly associated with debates surrounding the evolution of sex. The RQH provides a mechanism by which sexual species are protected from elimination by asexuals despite the latter’s higher per capit ...
... RQ metaphor has been applied to different fields. For many evolutionary biologists, the RQH is most strongly associated with debates surrounding the evolution of sex. The RQH provides a mechanism by which sexual species are protected from elimination by asexuals despite the latter’s higher per capit ...