The interaction between developmental bias and natural
... (eg, Geliva, 1987), molecular drive (Dover, 1982) and dominance drive (Mallet, 1986). It might be argued that developmental drive is a redundant term, because where there is constraint in relation to some ontogenies/phenotypes there must necessarily be drive towards others. But while this latter poi ...
... (eg, Geliva, 1987), molecular drive (Dover, 1982) and dominance drive (Mallet, 1986). It might be argued that developmental drive is a redundant term, because where there is constraint in relation to some ontogenies/phenotypes there must necessarily be drive towards others. But while this latter poi ...
DARWIN`S THEORY OF EVOLUTION
... surviving and reproducing in their environment tend to leave more offspring than others and – this unequal reproduction will lead to the accumulation of favorable traits in a population over generations. ...
... surviving and reproducing in their environment tend to leave more offspring than others and – this unequal reproduction will lead to the accumulation of favorable traits in a population over generations. ...
Natural Selection - Answers in Genesis
... Key Words: evolution, natural selection, adaptation, speciation, mutations, population genetics, VWDWLVWLFDOWHVWVJHQHWLFGULIWÀQFKHV Introduction Natural selection is a concept popularized by Charles Darwin as a naturalistic explanation for the variety we see in life today and why so many creat ...
... Key Words: evolution, natural selection, adaptation, speciation, mutations, population genetics, VWDWLVWLFDOWHVWVJHQHWLFGULIWÀQFKHV Introduction Natural selection is a concept popularized by Charles Darwin as a naturalistic explanation for the variety we see in life today and why so many creat ...
Adaptive population divergence: markers, QTL and traits
... than phenotypic variation) within and between populations, Qst is straightforward to calculate and can be compared directly to Fst. For neutral additive traits, Fst and Qst should be equal (Box 1). Therefore, the magnitude of the difference between Qst and Fst can be used to infer the degree of loca ...
... than phenotypic variation) within and between populations, Qst is straightforward to calculate and can be compared directly to Fst. For neutral additive traits, Fst and Qst should be equal (Box 1). Therefore, the magnitude of the difference between Qst and Fst can be used to infer the degree of loca ...
Neo-Darwinists and Neo-Aristotelians: how to talk about natural
... armory of both scientists and the popular audience. Yet this language still generates puzzles because of the directed character of the activities it describes. Ernst Mayr’s early 1961 paper was a classic attempt to delineate a sound theoretical and scientific basis for the teleological notions of pu ...
... armory of both scientists and the popular audience. Yet this language still generates puzzles because of the directed character of the activities it describes. Ernst Mayr’s early 1961 paper was a classic attempt to delineate a sound theoretical and scientific basis for the teleological notions of pu ...
Darwinian foundations for evolutionary economics Stoelhorst, JW
... Hensgens 2006). The first objective is to specify the general nature of an evolutionary explanation by building on and extending earlier work on generalizing Darwinism. The second objective is to subsequently apply this logic to develop theories of evolution in the socio-economic domain. Witt (1999; ...
... Hensgens 2006). The first objective is to specify the general nature of an evolutionary explanation by building on and extending earlier work on generalizing Darwinism. The second objective is to subsequently apply this logic to develop theories of evolution in the socio-economic domain. Witt (1999; ...
The dimensions, modes and definitions of species and
... population, and it has a fitness value assigned to it by the environment. A biologically realistic fitness landscape will typically have thousands, if not millions, of dimensions, for each possible gene and alleles. Gavrilets identifies what he calls a ‘‘supercritical regime’’ or a ‘‘percolation thr ...
... population, and it has a fitness value assigned to it by the environment. A biologically realistic fitness landscape will typically have thousands, if not millions, of dimensions, for each possible gene and alleles. Gavrilets identifies what he calls a ‘‘supercritical regime’’ or a ‘‘percolation thr ...
Evolutionary Gems from Nature
... they are mammals. They breathe air, and give birth to and suckle live young. Yet there is good evidence that mammals originally evolved on land. If that is so, then the ancestors of whales must have taken to the water at some point. As it happens, we have numerous fossils from the first ten million ...
... they are mammals. They breathe air, and give birth to and suckle live young. Yet there is good evidence that mammals originally evolved on land. If that is so, then the ancestors of whales must have taken to the water at some point. As it happens, we have numerous fossils from the first ten million ...
15 evolutionary gems
... they are mammals. They breathe air, and give birth to and suckle live young. Yet there is good evidence that mammals originally evolved on land. If that is so, then the ancestors of whales must have taken to the water at some point. As it happens, we have numerous fossils from the first ten million ...
... they are mammals. They breathe air, and give birth to and suckle live young. Yet there is good evidence that mammals originally evolved on land. If that is so, then the ancestors of whales must have taken to the water at some point. As it happens, we have numerous fossils from the first ten million ...
Rajon, E. and Masel, J. (2013)
... Cryptic genetic sequences have attenuated effects on phenotypes. In the classic view, relaxed selection allows cryptic genetic diversity to build up across individuals in a population, providing alleles that may later contribute to adaptation when co-opted – e.g. following a mutation increasing expr ...
... Cryptic genetic sequences have attenuated effects on phenotypes. In the classic view, relaxed selection allows cryptic genetic diversity to build up across individuals in a population, providing alleles that may later contribute to adaptation when co-opted – e.g. following a mutation increasing expr ...
A review of The Structure of Evolutionary Theory
... warned her that “nothing [i.e., no inheritance] will come from nothing.” Gould’s point is that much research has been stymied by fear that a finding of “no evolutionary change” (that is, stasis) would be construed as “nothing,” and thus, unworthy of being reported, or of scholarly reward. He also su ...
... warned her that “nothing [i.e., no inheritance] will come from nothing.” Gould’s point is that much research has been stymied by fear that a finding of “no evolutionary change” (that is, stasis) would be construed as “nothing,” and thus, unworthy of being reported, or of scholarly reward. He also su ...
Taking Evolution Seriously: Historical Institutionalism and
... example the vocation of public intellectuals or Harold Laswell’s vision).14 The other four contributions that did not use the terms “evolve” or “evolution” framed their task as evaluating whether observed changes should be considered as “progress”, and if so what contributed to that progress. For ex ...
... example the vocation of public intellectuals or Harold Laswell’s vision).14 The other four contributions that did not use the terms “evolve” or “evolution” framed their task as evaluating whether observed changes should be considered as “progress”, and if so what contributed to that progress. For ex ...
How to Carry Out the Adaptationist Program? Ernst Mayr The
... no longer necessary to invoke design, a supernatural agency, to explain the adaptation of organisms to their environment. It was the daily, indeed hourly, scrutiny of natural selection, as Darwin had said, that inevitably led to ever greater perfection. Ever since then it has been considered one of ...
... no longer necessary to invoke design, a supernatural agency, to explain the adaptation of organisms to their environment. It was the daily, indeed hourly, scrutiny of natural selection, as Darwin had said, that inevitably led to ever greater perfection. Ever since then it has been considered one of ...
Mayr - Eric L. Peters` Home Page
... no longer necessary to invoke design, a supernatural agency, to explain the adaptation of organisms to their environment. It was the daily, indeed hourly, scrutiny of natural selection, as Darwin had said, that inevitably led to ever greater perfection. Ever since then it has been considered one of ...
... no longer necessary to invoke design, a supernatural agency, to explain the adaptation of organisms to their environment. It was the daily, indeed hourly, scrutiny of natural selection, as Darwin had said, that inevitably led to ever greater perfection. Ever since then it has been considered one of ...
HAMILTON`S FORCES OF NATURAL SELECTION AFTER FORTY
... is weak. (It is not related to the concept of somatic mutation, a physiological aging process occurring within individual somata.) Instead it arises from the tendency of most mutations with phenotypic effects on fitness to be deleterious, coupled with the predominance of genetic drift in the determi ...
... is weak. (It is not related to the concept of somatic mutation, a physiological aging process occurring within individual somata.) Instead it arises from the tendency of most mutations with phenotypic effects on fitness to be deleterious, coupled with the predominance of genetic drift in the determi ...
Pitchers et al resubmission to Phil Trans Feb2014
... accounted for the number of traits included in the matrix (i.e. nD). While, in general the ...
... accounted for the number of traits included in the matrix (i.e. nD). While, in general the ...
The fitness costs of adaptation via phenotypic plasticity and maternal
... 2011) settings, as well as across generations (Galloway & Etterson 2007; Burgess & Marshall 2011). In ecological scenarios, environmental change is often positively autocorrelated (Halley 1996; Vasseur & Yodzis 2004), meaning environments in successive time intervals are more similar than would be e ...
... 2011) settings, as well as across generations (Galloway & Etterson 2007; Burgess & Marshall 2011). In ecological scenarios, environmental change is often positively autocorrelated (Halley 1996; Vasseur & Yodzis 2004), meaning environments in successive time intervals are more similar than would be e ...
4 Natural Selection and Variation
... 4. Variation in the fitness of organisms according to the state they have for a heritable character. In evolutionary theory, fitness is a technical term, meaning the average number of offspring left by an individual relative to the number of offspring left by an average member of the population. Thi ...
... 4. Variation in the fitness of organisms according to the state they have for a heritable character. In evolutionary theory, fitness is a technical term, meaning the average number of offspring left by an individual relative to the number of offspring left by an average member of the population. Thi ...
The Descent of Evolutionary Explanations: Darwinian Vestiges
... psychology stem from evolved capacities, and maintain that social scientists have not succeeded in their efforts to construct evolutionary explanations of them -- and are unlikely to do so given the methods they employ (cf. Dupre 1998, Richardson 2001). Alternatively put, the substance of my critiqu ...
... psychology stem from evolved capacities, and maintain that social scientists have not succeeded in their efforts to construct evolutionary explanations of them -- and are unlikely to do so given the methods they employ (cf. Dupre 1998, Richardson 2001). Alternatively put, the substance of my critiqu ...
Evolution by Natural Selection
... 3. Heritability of characteristics: For natural selection to occur, the characteristics that affect fitness must be heritable (i.e. passed by genes from one generation to the next). In our simulation, a pompom that is born into the pompom population is the same colour as its parent and a hunter that ...
... 3. Heritability of characteristics: For natural selection to occur, the characteristics that affect fitness must be heritable (i.e. passed by genes from one generation to the next). In our simulation, a pompom that is born into the pompom population is the same colour as its parent and a hunter that ...
Evolution of Genetic Variance-Covariance Structure
... balance of selection with other evolutionary forces. Mutation and recombination.—The potential importance of mutation and recombination in the evolution of G remain relatively unexplored. The influence of recombination is usually ignored because selection ordinarily needs to be fairly strong in orde ...
... balance of selection with other evolutionary forces. Mutation and recombination.—The potential importance of mutation and recombination in the evolution of G remain relatively unexplored. The influence of recombination is usually ignored because selection ordinarily needs to be fairly strong in orde ...
Lectures 2 - 4
... Propinquity - nearness of relationship; kinship; Why are species similar to each other ? - propinquity of descent Why are they different from one another? - Natural Selection ▼ Natural selection ...
... Propinquity - nearness of relationship; kinship; Why are species similar to each other ? - propinquity of descent Why are they different from one another? - Natural Selection ▼ Natural selection ...
Lectures 2 - 4 (word doc)
... • Why are species similar to each other ? - propinquity of descent • Why are they different from one another? - Natural Selection ¡å Natural selection ¢º differential reproductive success ¢º selection occurs through interaction between the environment and genetic variability among individuals within ...
... • Why are species similar to each other ? - propinquity of descent • Why are they different from one another? - Natural Selection ¡å Natural selection ¢º differential reproductive success ¢º selection occurs through interaction between the environment and genetic variability among individuals within ...