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Nutrition
Nutrition

... Proper nutrition is needed for maintaining health and preventing illness. It also helps with wound healing. A well balance diet helps in the care and treatment of many diseases and conditions. The nurse needs to understand how ...
Are Your Cows Getting the Vitamins They Need?
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... Vitamin E The current NRC requirement for supplemental vitamin E is about 0.7 IU/kg of BW for a lactating cow and 1.5 IU/kg BW for a dry cow. This is equivalent to approximately 500 and 1000 IU/day for lactating and dry cows. Fresh pasture usually contains very high concentrations of vitamin E, and ...
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... of the best known is its role in bone health. For example, our bodies need vitamin D to help them absorb calcium from the foods we eat. A lack of vitamin D can lead to bone deformities including rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Milk is also a great source of water, so it a good bevera ...
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... Sources: germ/bran of grains, brewer’s yeast, avocado, cauliflower, spinach, nuts, legumes, nori/seaweeds, dark leafy greens, grain products, mushrooms, peas, sunflower seeds, oily fish, milk products, eggs, yeast, peanuts, dates, figs, prunes, bananas, cabbage, organ meats, fermented products, spro ...
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nutrition - PrincipiosdEconomia.org
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... down both simple sugars and starches into glucose. Simple sugars break down quickly and provide instant energy. Complex carbohydrates break down over a longer period of time. Endurance athletes often eat complex carbohydrate-based meals (pasta, bread, rice, etc.) several hours before an event so tha ...
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... required to regulate the maintenance and growth of the body, and to control metabolic reactions in cells. Vitamins cannot be synthesized in human body so they should be taken in diet. Lack of vitamins causes deficiency diseases. Some common characteristics of vitamin are as follows. They are not use ...
Animal Models in Animal Nutrition
Animal Models in Animal Nutrition

... forms of the vitamins. Nonetheless, in poor countries of the world, crystalline vitamins are often unavailable or unaffordable, such that multiple vitamin deficiencies are not uncommon. Animal models were instrumental in solving vitamin-deficiency diseases such as beri-beri (chick thiamin deficiency ...
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Vitamin



A vitamin (US /ˈvaɪtəmɪn/ and UK /ˈvɪtəmɪn/) is an organic compound and a vital nutrient that an organism requires in limited amounts. An organic chemical compound (or related set of compounds) is called a vitamin when the organism cannot synthesize the compound in sufficient quantities, and it must be obtained through the diet; thus, the term ""vitamin"" is conditional upon the circumstances and the particular organism. For example, ascorbic acid (one form of vitamin C) is a vitamin for humans, but not for most other animal organisms. Supplementation is important for the treatment of certain health problems, but there is little evidence of nutritional benefit when used by otherwise healthy people.By convention, the term vitamin includes neither other essential nutrients, such as dietary minerals, essential fatty acids, or essential amino acids (which are needed in greater amounts than vitamins) nor the great number of other nutrients that promote health, and are required less often to maintain the health of the organism. Thirteen vitamins are universally recognized at present. Vitamins are classified by their biological and chemical activity, not their structure. Thus, each ""vitamin"" refers to a number of vitamer compounds that all show the biological activity associated with a particular vitamin. Such a set of chemicals is grouped under an alphabetized vitamin ""generic descriptor"" title, such as ""vitamin A"", which includes the compounds retinal, retinol, and four known carotenoids. Vitamers by definition are convertible to the active form of the vitamin in the body, and are sometimes inter-convertible to one another, as well.Vitamins have diverse biochemical functions. Some, such as vitamin D, have hormone-like functions as regulators of mineral metabolism, or regulators of cell and tissue growth and differentiation (such as some forms of vitamin A). Others function as antioxidants (e.g., vitamin E and sometimes vitamin C). The largest number of vitamins, the B complex vitamins, function as precursors for enzyme cofactors, that help enzymes in their work as catalysts in metabolism. In this role, vitamins may be tightly bound to enzymes as part of prosthetic groups: For example, biotin is part of enzymes involved in making fatty acids. They may also be less tightly bound to enzyme catalysts as coenzymes, detachable molecules that function to carry chemical groups or electrons between molecules. For example, folic acid may carry methyl, formyl, and methylene groups in the cell. Although these roles in assisting enzyme-substrate reactions are vitamins' best-known function, the other vitamin functions are equally important.Until the mid-1930s, when the first commercial yeast-extract vitamin B complex and semi-synthetic vitamin C supplement tablets were sold, vitamins were obtained solely through food intake, and changes in diet (which, for example, could occur during a particular growing season) usually greatly altered the types and amounts of vitamins ingested. However, vitamins have been produced as commodity chemicals and made widely available as inexpensive semisynthetic and synthetic-source multivitamin dietary and food supplements and additives, since the middle of the 20th century. Study of structural activity, function and their role in maintaining health is called as vitaminology.
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