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... vision and immunity. Assists with bone and tooth growth. ...
Food Sources - Washburn High School
Food Sources - Washburn High School

... any nutrients you need more of on a daily basis? In what ways will you make improvements. Write a one-page summary of your results. 2. Research one of the well-known nutritional deficiency diseases. What are the major causes of the disease? How is it diagnosed? Is a certain age group more prone to t ...
Eating well to prevent vitamin B12 deficiency
Eating well to prevent vitamin B12 deficiency

...  At least one serving of meat, chicken, fish or eggs. A serving is a piece of meat, chicken or fish the size and thickness of the palm of your hand, or one egg.  At least two to three servings of milk or milk products. A serving is 1 cup (250 ml) of milk, 1 pottle (150 g) of yoghurt or 2 slices (4 ...
Nutrients for Healthy Skin - National Institute of Whole Health
Nutrients for Healthy Skin - National Institute of Whole Health

High-fat diets and cardiovascular disease
High-fat diets and cardiovascular disease

... intriguing data concerning a potential mechanism for the beneficial effects of flavonoid supplementation and adds to the growing information available demonstrating that substances rich in flavonoids enhance brachial function. Although these findings are notable, they are not broadly clinically rele ...
Nutrition Lecture Notes
Nutrition Lecture Notes

... i. Heavy sweating may lead to excess losses of sodium, chloride, and potassium ii. Losses of these minerals may affect performance iii. It is recommended that athletes involved in prolonged activity, especially those who are considered “salty sweaters” consume more salt in their meals before and aft ...
Power Nutrients to Help Healing Power Nutrients: Calories
Power Nutrients to Help Healing Power Nutrients: Calories

... – Vitamin C is water‐soluble – It is excreted through the kidneys every day – Vitamin C is not stored in the body because it is eliminated in the urine – It can be hard to “overdose” on vitamin C, but our body can only absorb up to 1,250 mg per  day ...
All Vitamin Handouts - Joyful Living Services
All Vitamin Handouts - Joyful Living Services

... your eyes, it’s because carrots are high in betacarotene, a precursor to vitamin A. Vitamin A is important for healthy eyesight. It is needed by the retina in the form of a specific metabolite—the light-absorbing molecule retinal—that is necessary for both low-light and color vision. Vitamin A, alon ...
12.
12.

... Enstrom JE, Kanim LE, Klein MA. Vitamin C intake and mortality among a sample of the United States population. Epidemiology 3: 194-202, 1992 ...
A Lesson in Basic Nutrition - The Eugene Veg Education Network
A Lesson in Basic Nutrition - The Eugene Veg Education Network

... participate in thousands of metabolic reactions that take place throughout the body. For example, iron in the enzyme hemoglobin transports oxygen in our red blood cells. Some minerals are important elements in our structural material, like calcium which is a large part of bones and teeth. ...
Unit 6 - OCCC.edu
Unit 6 - OCCC.edu

... Regular exercise stresses bone tissues, stimulates increases in bone density Weight-bearing activities (walking, jogging) are especially helpful in increasing bone mass Improved muscle strength and physical stability reduces the risk of falling and bone fractures Nutrition and Osteoporosis Fruit and ...
Feeling Tired Too Often The following information is for GPs
Feeling Tired Too Often The following information is for GPs

... seemingly healthy diet; vegetarian with significant volumes of raw and sprouted foods. However overall levels of protein were low with no meat, eggs or fish; omega 3 essential fats were low and breakfast tended to be high glycaemic load (GL). A case history revealed high levels of historic and curre ...
Building Nutrients
Building Nutrients

... Transfat: are formed when turning vegetable oils to shortening in order to improve food shelf-life and stability. Transfat are unhealthy and increases the risks of heart diseases and stroke. Ghee, shortening is not recommended to be used in food preparation. Some foods (such biscuits, sweets, chips, ...
New Title - AIS IGCSE Science
New Title - AIS IGCSE Science

... Digestive and Excretory Systems ...
Ideal Protein Supplement Summary
Ideal Protein Supplement Summary

... deficient number of electrons. Free radicals containing oxygen are the most biologically significant free radicals. Antioxidants are nutrients (vitamins and minerals) as well as enzymes that are believed to play a role in preventing the development of such chronic diseases as cancer, heart disease, ...
option a
option a

Micronutrients extension
Micronutrients extension

... status across the UK population, especially during the winter months. A lack of vitamin D in the body causes rickets in children, where leg bones become weakened and bent, and a related condition called osteomalacia in adults. Poor vitamin D status has also been linked to increased falls in elderly ...
Printer Friendly pdf
Printer Friendly pdf

... Recent vitamin frenzies over the recommendations for the widespread use of antioxidants, folic acid, vitamin E, and beta-carotene provide lessons about vitamin supplements that must not be forgotten. When the proper research was finally done, the results backfired. More heart disease, cancer, and ov ...
Avocado Nutrition - California Avocado Commission
Avocado Nutrition - California Avocado Commission

... levels among children. From 1980 to 2012, obesity among children between the ages 6-11 more than doubled from 7% to 18%. During this same period, obesity among 12-19 year olds more than tripled from 5.0% to 18%.5 Childhood obesity has both immediate and long-term effects on health and well-being. Im ...
Points to Remember
Points to Remember

... relation to Candida albicans and does not cause the proliferation of yeast. ...
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs):
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs):

... As dietary folate equivalents (DFE). 1 DFE = 1 µg food folate = 0.6 µg of folic acid from fortified food or as a supplement consumed with food = 0.5 µg of a supplement taken on an empty stomach. g Although AIs have been set for choline, there are few data to assess whether a dietary supply of cholin ...
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs): Estimated Average Requirements
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs): Estimated Average Requirements

... As dietary folate equivalents (DFE). 1 DFE = 1 µg food folate = 0.6 µg of folic acid from fortified food or as a supplement consumed with food = 0.5 µg of a supplement taken on an empty stomach. g Although AIs have been set for choline, there are few data to assess whether a dietary supply of cholin ...
Dietary Reference Intakes
Dietary Reference Intakes

... As dietary folate equivalents (DFE). 1 DFE = 1 µg food folate = 0.6 µg of folic acid from fortified food or as a supplement consumed with food = 0.5 µg of a supplement taken on an empty stomach. g Although AIs have been set for choline, there are few data to assess whether a dietary supply of cholin ...
11 Vitamin A
11 Vitamin A

... No exact estimates of the magnitude of the problem in the country are presently available. However, as seen from reports in the literature, the problem appears to be confined to certain groups, mainly in the rural areas, and does not pose a major health hazard nationwide. The problem appears to have ...


... Dis-ease in the body has its roots in acidity. An acidic diet – comprised of a high intake of carbohydrates, meat products, coffee, soft drinks, alcohol and refined and processed foods combined with a stressful lifestyle will create an acid condition in your body. A daily juice can go a long way to ...
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Vitamin



A vitamin (US /ˈvaɪtəmɪn/ and UK /ˈvɪtəmɪn/) is an organic compound and a vital nutrient that an organism requires in limited amounts. An organic chemical compound (or related set of compounds) is called a vitamin when the organism cannot synthesize the compound in sufficient quantities, and it must be obtained through the diet; thus, the term ""vitamin"" is conditional upon the circumstances and the particular organism. For example, ascorbic acid (one form of vitamin C) is a vitamin for humans, but not for most other animal organisms. Supplementation is important for the treatment of certain health problems, but there is little evidence of nutritional benefit when used by otherwise healthy people.By convention, the term vitamin includes neither other essential nutrients, such as dietary minerals, essential fatty acids, or essential amino acids (which are needed in greater amounts than vitamins) nor the great number of other nutrients that promote health, and are required less often to maintain the health of the organism. Thirteen vitamins are universally recognized at present. Vitamins are classified by their biological and chemical activity, not their structure. Thus, each ""vitamin"" refers to a number of vitamer compounds that all show the biological activity associated with a particular vitamin. Such a set of chemicals is grouped under an alphabetized vitamin ""generic descriptor"" title, such as ""vitamin A"", which includes the compounds retinal, retinol, and four known carotenoids. Vitamers by definition are convertible to the active form of the vitamin in the body, and are sometimes inter-convertible to one another, as well.Vitamins have diverse biochemical functions. Some, such as vitamin D, have hormone-like functions as regulators of mineral metabolism, or regulators of cell and tissue growth and differentiation (such as some forms of vitamin A). Others function as antioxidants (e.g., vitamin E and sometimes vitamin C). The largest number of vitamins, the B complex vitamins, function as precursors for enzyme cofactors, that help enzymes in their work as catalysts in metabolism. In this role, vitamins may be tightly bound to enzymes as part of prosthetic groups: For example, biotin is part of enzymes involved in making fatty acids. They may also be less tightly bound to enzyme catalysts as coenzymes, detachable molecules that function to carry chemical groups or electrons between molecules. For example, folic acid may carry methyl, formyl, and methylene groups in the cell. Although these roles in assisting enzyme-substrate reactions are vitamins' best-known function, the other vitamin functions are equally important.Until the mid-1930s, when the first commercial yeast-extract vitamin B complex and semi-synthetic vitamin C supplement tablets were sold, vitamins were obtained solely through food intake, and changes in diet (which, for example, could occur during a particular growing season) usually greatly altered the types and amounts of vitamins ingested. However, vitamins have been produced as commodity chemicals and made widely available as inexpensive semisynthetic and synthetic-source multivitamin dietary and food supplements and additives, since the middle of the 20th century. Study of structural activity, function and their role in maintaining health is called as vitaminology.
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