Obliquity pacing of the late Pleistocene glacial terminations
... Here ηt represents the unpredictable background weather and climate variability spanning all time scales out to the glacial/interglacial. All other parameter settings are kept the same as in the deterministic case. Now, Eq 2 resembles an order one autoregressive process. Such a process is known to w ...
... Here ηt represents the unpredictable background weather and climate variability spanning all time scales out to the glacial/interglacial. All other parameter settings are kept the same as in the deterministic case. Now, Eq 2 resembles an order one autoregressive process. Such a process is known to w ...
Directory of finance sources for climate change mitigation in
... Basak R. 2015. Directory of finance sources for climate change mitigation in agriculture, version 1. Copenhagen, Denmark: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security ...
... Basak R. 2015. Directory of finance sources for climate change mitigation in agriculture, version 1. Copenhagen, Denmark: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security ...
gcos regional action plan for south america
... assessment, quantification, and prediction of climatic conditions and their impacts has been compromised. Unless immediate action is taken to address critical deficiencies in South America's systematic climate observing programmes, the costs in terms of losses in production and livelihoods adversely ...
... assessment, quantification, and prediction of climatic conditions and their impacts has been compromised. Unless immediate action is taken to address critical deficiencies in South America's systematic climate observing programmes, the costs in terms of losses in production and livelihoods adversely ...
a prediction market for climate outcomes
... average of previous years. In addition to a carbon tax rate being set each year, an auction would be held each year for tradable permits to emit a ton of CO2 in separate, specific, future years. That is, in the year 2012, a number of permits to emit in 2013 would be auctioned, as well as a number of ...
... average of previous years. In addition to a carbon tax rate being set each year, an auction would be held each year for tradable permits to emit a ton of CO2 in separate, specific, future years. That is, in the year 2012, a number of permits to emit in 2013 would be auctioned, as well as a number of ...
Philippine N ational Grassroots C onferenc e on Climate C hange
... communities: to find ways on how to adequately educate and inform communities about the issue, to document how the impacts of climate change are being concretely experienced at the grassroots levels, and to propose ...
... communities: to find ways on how to adequately educate and inform communities about the issue, to document how the impacts of climate change are being concretely experienced at the grassroots levels, and to propose ...
Kenya Talks Climate
... forum for sharing experiences, bridge the gap between science and society, and enable people to exert political pressure, both internationally and on their own governments. The media clearly have an important role to play in responding to climate change, and supporting others to communicate about th ...
... forum for sharing experiences, bridge the gap between science and society, and enable people to exert political pressure, both internationally and on their own governments. The media clearly have an important role to play in responding to climate change, and supporting others to communicate about th ...
The Detection and Attribution Model Intercomparison Project
... in the observed climate record and assessing the roles of various possible contributors to those observed changes (Hegerl et al., 2010). This research is key for our understanding of anthropogenic climate change, as evidenced by a dedicated chapter in every assessment report of the Intergovernmental ...
... in the observed climate record and assessing the roles of various possible contributors to those observed changes (Hegerl et al., 2010). This research is key for our understanding of anthropogenic climate change, as evidenced by a dedicated chapter in every assessment report of the Intergovernmental ...
Cities and climate change - Urban Climate Change Research Network
... climate risks, and must find solutions that are adapted to its own context, cities globally depend on effective and long-term solutions that are based on an empowered city governance approach and acknowledge the respective contributions of a broad group of actors that cross jurisdictional and admini ...
... climate risks, and must find solutions that are adapted to its own context, cities globally depend on effective and long-term solutions that are based on an empowered city governance approach and acknowledge the respective contributions of a broad group of actors that cross jurisdictional and admini ...
A note on including climate change adaptation in an international
... expected in the second half of this century. What is most needed from a climate-change perspective, therefore, is to prepare economies to cope with larger climate-change impacts over the medium to long term. Development is very efficient to do so. Also, it is critical that climate-sensitive developm ...
... expected in the second half of this century. What is most needed from a climate-change perspective, therefore, is to prepare economies to cope with larger climate-change impacts over the medium to long term. Development is very efficient to do so. Also, it is critical that climate-sensitive developm ...
AHEAD OF THE STORM…. Preparing Toronto for Climate Change
... in the graph below (Auld, 2007). The increases in tornados, storms, hail/thunderstorms, floods and wildfires are substantial and alarming. Extreme weather is multiplying weather-related insurance losses – which increased globally by more 1300% from 1960 to 1999 according to the international reinsur ...
... in the graph below (Auld, 2007). The increases in tornados, storms, hail/thunderstorms, floods and wildfires are substantial and alarming. Extreme weather is multiplying weather-related insurance losses – which increased globally by more 1300% from 1960 to 1999 according to the international reinsur ...
“Community Vulnerability Mapping”: Enabling Participation and
... community vulnerability mapping and how this risk reduction and adaptation approach to addressing vulnerabilities and building resilience can be more beneficial to the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and its member states. The ‘community’ vulnerability mapping level considered is ...
... community vulnerability mapping and how this risk reduction and adaptation approach to addressing vulnerabilities and building resilience can be more beneficial to the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and its member states. The ‘community’ vulnerability mapping level considered is ...
Climate Change Impacts on International Seaports
... tween the port authority, which owns and maintains the infrastructure, and private firms, which handle the cargo. In a “landlord port,” the port authority owns the land and infrastructure, but leases it to private operating companies. Finally, the “private service port” is entirely owned and operate ...
... tween the port authority, which owns and maintains the infrastructure, and private firms, which handle the cargo. In a “landlord port,” the port authority owns the land and infrastructure, but leases it to private operating companies. Finally, the “private service port” is entirely owned and operate ...
Governing the future under climate change: contested visions of
... shaped by how we conceive of, envisage and relate to the future under climate change, and our beliefs about human agency. The influence on adaptation of these fundamental cultural constructs and their associated power relations is poorly acknowledged. So too are the dee ...
... shaped by how we conceive of, envisage and relate to the future under climate change, and our beliefs about human agency. The influence on adaptation of these fundamental cultural constructs and their associated power relations is poorly acknowledged. So too are the dee ...
North Atlantic warming: patterns of long
... for the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (2007). These four models were selected because their simulation of north– south long-term contrast of the North Atlantic SST is in reasonably good agreement with observations. Detailed information about the mod ...
... for the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (2007). These four models were selected because their simulation of north– south long-term contrast of the North Atlantic SST is in reasonably good agreement with observations. Detailed information about the mod ...
Climate Risk Management for Agriculture in Peru
... and set-back development and the fight against poverty for millions of people across the globe. For example it is estimated that over 20 million people in the Mekong Delta and 20 million in Bangladesh could be forced to move as their homes are affected by salt water incursion from rising sea levels. ...
... and set-back development and the fight against poverty for millions of people across the globe. For example it is estimated that over 20 million people in the Mekong Delta and 20 million in Bangladesh could be forced to move as their homes are affected by salt water incursion from rising sea levels. ...
What`s In A Name? Global Warming vs. Climate Change
... whereas the term global warming wasn’t used until 1975 by author Wallace Broecker.3 Global warming and climate change have different technical definitions, although they are often used interchangeably in popular media.4 Global warming refers to the increase in the Earth’s average surface temperature ...
... whereas the term global warming wasn’t used until 1975 by author Wallace Broecker.3 Global warming and climate change have different technical definitions, although they are often used interchangeably in popular media.4 Global warming refers to the increase in the Earth’s average surface temperature ...
teaching manual - Live and Learn
... Gt in the oceans (IPCC, 2001). On long-time scales, atmospheric CO2 concentration is influenced by the balance of geochemical processes including organic carbon burial in sediments, silicate rock weathering, and vulcanism. ...
... Gt in the oceans (IPCC, 2001). On long-time scales, atmospheric CO2 concentration is influenced by the balance of geochemical processes including organic carbon burial in sediments, silicate rock weathering, and vulcanism. ...
Building resilience to climate-related shocks: farmers` vulnerability to
... 2011; Vincent and Cull 2014). Thus, the occurrence of climate shocks and extreme climatic events such as floods, droughts, strong winds, heat waves, earthquakes, hurricanes is widespread. However, it is not easy to attribute any extreme weather event and climate shock to a change in the climate, as ...
... 2011; Vincent and Cull 2014). Thus, the occurrence of climate shocks and extreme climatic events such as floods, droughts, strong winds, heat waves, earthquakes, hurricanes is widespread. However, it is not easy to attribute any extreme weather event and climate shock to a change in the climate, as ...
Author`s personal copy - Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung
... resources and in particular the three sectors forestry, agriculture, and water management as well as on nature conservation, which takes place in all the aforementioned sectors. We do not explicitly consider adaptation of infrastructure, the transport, energy or health and security sector. We follow ...
... resources and in particular the three sectors forestry, agriculture, and water management as well as on nature conservation, which takes place in all the aforementioned sectors. We do not explicitly consider adaptation of infrastructure, the transport, energy or health and security sector. We follow ...
Climate sensitivity, sea level and atmospheric carbon dioxide
... and ice sheets to fully respond to the changed atmospheric composition. In addition, there is the potential that global warming from fossil fuel CO2 could spur release of CH4 and CO2 from methane hydrates or permafrost. Carbon release during the hyperthermals required several thousand years, but tha ...
... and ice sheets to fully respond to the changed atmospheric composition. In addition, there is the potential that global warming from fossil fuel CO2 could spur release of CH4 and CO2 from methane hydrates or permafrost. Carbon release during the hyperthermals required several thousand years, but tha ...
CHAPTER 2 OUR CHANGING CLIMATE Climate Change Impacts in the United States
... global warming of the past 50 years is primarily due to human activities. 2. Global climate is projected to continue to change over this century and beyond. The magnitude of climate change beyond the next few decades depends primarily on the amount of heat- trapping gases emitted globally, and ...
... global warming of the past 50 years is primarily due to human activities. 2. Global climate is projected to continue to change over this century and beyond. The magnitude of climate change beyond the next few decades depends primarily on the amount of heat- trapping gases emitted globally, and ...
Climate Change and US Interests
... the United States will fare better than most other countries has led some commentators to advance the climate change winner argument, claiming that it is irrational for the United States to take unilateral steps to mitigate climate change or to participate in a globally optimal international agreeme ...
... the United States will fare better than most other countries has led some commentators to advance the climate change winner argument, claiming that it is irrational for the United States to take unilateral steps to mitigate climate change or to participate in a globally optimal international agreeme ...
Chapter 8: Cross-cutting issues
... report. This mapping led to identifying a very large number of such combinations, which made it difficult to reflect them in the national adaptation programmes that followed. For this assessment, a smaller number of risk groupings have been identified that are important to consider together when dev ...
... report. This mapping led to identifying a very large number of such combinations, which made it difficult to reflect them in the national adaptation programmes that followed. For this assessment, a smaller number of risk groupings have been identified that are important to consider together when dev ...
Climate Change, Migration, and Conflict
... indirect links has yet to lead to substantial and sustained action to address its security implications. Still the potential for the changing climate to induce conflict or exacerbate existing instability in some of the world’s most vulnerable regions is now recognized in national security circles in ...
... indirect links has yet to lead to substantial and sustained action to address its security implications. Still the potential for the changing climate to induce conflict or exacerbate existing instability in some of the world’s most vulnerable regions is now recognized in national security circles in ...
SEEKING CLIMATE JUSTICE: A CRITICAL RESPONSE TO SINGER
... this thesis. Climate justice is a concept that relates to people’s behavior towards climate; it relates to people’s uses of carbon resources. Philosophers and researchers propose different principles to share the burden of carbon emissions and adapt with climate change. I critically respond to Singe ...
... this thesis. Climate justice is a concept that relates to people’s behavior towards climate; it relates to people’s uses of carbon resources. Philosophers and researchers propose different principles to share the burden of carbon emissions and adapt with climate change. I critically respond to Singe ...
Michael E. Mann
Michael E. Mann (born 1965) is an American climatologist and geophysicist, currently director of the Earth System Science Center at Pennsylvania State University, who has contributed to the scientific understanding of historic climate change based on the temperature record of the past thousand years. He has pioneered techniques to find patterns in past climate change, and to isolate climate signals from ""noisy data"".As lead author of a paper produced in 1998 with co-authors Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes, Mann introduced innovative statistical techniques to find regional variations in a hemispherical climate reconstruction covering the past 600 years. In 1999 the same team used these techniques to produce a reconstruction over the past 1,000 years (MBH99) which was dubbed the ""hockey stick graph"" because of its shape. He was one of 8 lead authors of the ""Observed Climate Variability and Change"" chapter of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Third Scientific Assessment Report published in 2001. A graph based on the MBH99 paper was highlighted in several parts of the report, and was given wide publicity. The IPCC acknowledged that his work, along with that of the many other lead authors and review editors, contributed to the award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize, which was won jointly by the IPCC and Al Gore.He was organizing committee chair for the National Academy of Sciences Frontiers of Science in 2003 and has received a number of honors and awards including selection by Scientific American as one of the fifty leading visionaries in science and technology in 2002. In 2012 he was inducted as a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union and was awarded the Hans Oeschger Medal of the European Geosciences Union. In 2013 he was elected a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society, and awarded the status of distinguished professor in Penn State's College of Earth and Mineral Sciences.Mann is author of more than 160 peer-reviewed and edited publications, and has published two books: Dire Predictions: Understanding Global Warming in 2008 and The Hockey Stick and the Climate Wars: Dispatches from the Front Lines, published in early 2012. In 2013 the European Geosciences Union described his publication record as ""outstanding for a scientist of his relatively young age"". He is also a co-founder and contributor to the climatology blog RealClimate.