Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment and
... The climate has changed, is changing now, and will continue to change into the future. The rate of change is influenced by both natural processes and human activities. Understanding a community’s vulnerabilities to climate change is essential for reducing exposures to risk and informing decisions to ...
... The climate has changed, is changing now, and will continue to change into the future. The rate of change is influenced by both natural processes and human activities. Understanding a community’s vulnerabilities to climate change is essential for reducing exposures to risk and informing decisions to ...
Understanding Climate Induced Changes in Arctic Ice
... region would be correlated to the changing sea ice extent since that is one of the areas close to the most substantial losses in September sea ice. As shown in the graph below, the ice extent decreased by approximately 2 million km2 over the period for which we have data (1994-2008). The rate of los ...
... region would be correlated to the changing sea ice extent since that is one of the areas close to the most substantial losses in September sea ice. As shown in the graph below, the ice extent decreased by approximately 2 million km2 over the period for which we have data (1994-2008). The rate of los ...
Thermal pollution causes global warming
... cold sources. This has started to show as a temperature increase of ground, air, and water. Ice fields and glaciers offer another huge cold reserve and the world’s total nonrenewable energy use would annually melt only about 0.003% of current ice, with present use of nonrenewable energy and no other ...
... cold sources. This has started to show as a temperature increase of ground, air, and water. Ice fields and glaciers offer another huge cold reserve and the world’s total nonrenewable energy use would annually melt only about 0.003% of current ice, with present use of nonrenewable energy and no other ...
4550-15Lecture32 - Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
... focused on δD in ice cores from Antarctica and Greenland. The Vostok core from Antarctica went back 400 ka. Subsequent work shifted to the EPICA core which went back >800 ka. Complications in interpretation arise here too because of changes in δD of the oceans and changes in atmospheric circulation ...
... focused on δD in ice cores from Antarctica and Greenland. The Vostok core from Antarctica went back 400 ka. Subsequent work shifted to the EPICA core which went back >800 ka. Complications in interpretation arise here too because of changes in δD of the oceans and changes in atmospheric circulation ...
et al
... Arctic Feedbacks • Feedback mechanisms in the Arctic are of growing concern • In 2009, the World Wildlife Federation published a well written report entitled “Arctic Climate Feedbacks: Global Implications” edited by Martin Sommerkorn & Susan Joy Hassol – a link to the PDF version of the second edit ...
... Arctic Feedbacks • Feedback mechanisms in the Arctic are of growing concern • In 2009, the World Wildlife Federation published a well written report entitled “Arctic Climate Feedbacks: Global Implications” edited by Martin Sommerkorn & Susan Joy Hassol – a link to the PDF version of the second edit ...
Implications of Climate Changes in the Wider Caribbean Region
... information is given on the subject. To illustrate what is thought to be known about temperature change, Figure 2 shows the temperature record for the last 1,000 years (upper panel), and for the last 100 years (lower panel). Although the records are from different sources, they show that Earth's tem ...
... information is given on the subject. To illustrate what is thought to be known about temperature change, Figure 2 shows the temperature record for the last 1,000 years (upper panel), and for the last 100 years (lower panel). Although the records are from different sources, they show that Earth's tem ...
Tropical vs. extratropical terrestrial CO2 uptake and implications for
... 2) Available estimates suggest a strong CO2 effect and negative feedback to climate change, but with significant caveats 3) There is a strong need to resolve discrepancies between atmospheric inverse model estimates 4) Ongoing work to apply HIPPO Global Campaign CO2 measurements to validate state-of ...
... 2) Available estimates suggest a strong CO2 effect and negative feedback to climate change, but with significant caveats 3) There is a strong need to resolve discrepancies between atmospheric inverse model estimates 4) Ongoing work to apply HIPPO Global Campaign CO2 measurements to validate state-of ...
How Will Climate Change Affect Marine Ecosystems in Puget Sound?
... Sea level rise is projected to expand the area of some tidal wetlands but reduce the area of others. An analysis of coastal areas in Puget Sound found that rising seas are projected to increase ...
... Sea level rise is projected to expand the area of some tidal wetlands but reduce the area of others. An analysis of coastal areas in Puget Sound found that rising seas are projected to increase ...
climate change and pacific islands: indicators and impacts
... collection, analysis, and access to information, which contributes to significant progress in developing adaptation plans and policies. Regional communication and collaboration provides a strong foundation for ongoing efforts to build resilience in the face of challenges from a changing climate. ...
... collection, analysis, and access to information, which contributes to significant progress in developing adaptation plans and policies. Regional communication and collaboration provides a strong foundation for ongoing efforts to build resilience in the face of challenges from a changing climate. ...
draft paper
... there is a clear need to understand interactions and feedbacks in the entire Earth System including the relations between nature and society. Here, one should recognize the immense role played in particular by the ocean and the necessity to further investigate the dynamical, physical, chemical and b ...
... there is a clear need to understand interactions and feedbacks in the entire Earth System including the relations between nature and society. Here, one should recognize the immense role played in particular by the ocean and the necessity to further investigate the dynamical, physical, chemical and b ...
Future sea level
The rate of global mean sea-level rise (~3 mm/yr; SLR) has accelerated compared to the mean of the 20th century (~2 mm/yr), but the rate of rise is locally variable. Factors contributing to SLR include decreased global ice volume and warming of the ocean. On Greenland, the deficiency between annual ice gained and lost tripled between 1996 and 2007. On Antarctica the deficiency increased by 75%. Mountain glaciers are retreating and the cumulative mean thickness change has accelerated from about −1.8 to −4 m in 1965 to 1970 to about −12 to −14 m in the first decade of the 21st century. From 1961 to 2003, ocean temperatures to a depth of 700 m increased and portions of the deeper ocean are warming.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) projected sea level would reach 0.18 to 0.59 m above present by the end of the 21st century but lacked an estimate of ice flow dynamics calving. Calving was added by Pfeffer et al. (2008) indicating 0.8 to 2 m of SLR by 2100 (favouring the low end of this range). Rahmstorf (2007) estimated SLR will reach 0.5 to 1.4 m by the end of the century. Pielke (2008) points out that observed SLR has exceeded the best case projections thus far. These approximations and others indicate that global mean SLR may reach 1 m by the end of this century. However, sea level is highly variable and planners considering local impacts must take this variability into account.