Paul A. Rosen Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
... Survey for near-term launch to address important scientific questions of high societal impact: What drives the changes in ice masses and how does it relate to the climate? How are Earth’s carbon cycle and ecosystems changing, and what are the consequences? How do we manage the changing landsca ...
... Survey for near-term launch to address important scientific questions of high societal impact: What drives the changes in ice masses and how does it relate to the climate? How are Earth’s carbon cycle and ecosystems changing, and what are the consequences? How do we manage the changing landsca ...
THE ACHILLES` HEELS OF THE EARTH SYSTEM
... dramatic cooling in the North Atlantic region when the Earth is coming out of the glacial state or is in an interglacial state. The most well-known Heinrich event was the sudden cooling of the Northern Hemisphere in the Younger Dryas, an event that occurred about 12,000 years ago. Heinrich events ar ...
... dramatic cooling in the North Atlantic region when the Earth is coming out of the glacial state or is in an interglacial state. The most well-known Heinrich event was the sudden cooling of the Northern Hemisphere in the Younger Dryas, an event that occurred about 12,000 years ago. Heinrich events ar ...
Examining the past to understand the future
... Dansgaard-Oeschger Oscillations & Heinrich events Labrador Sea Water formation over the last glacial cycle The future of LSW formation? ...
... Dansgaard-Oeschger Oscillations & Heinrich events Labrador Sea Water formation over the last glacial cycle The future of LSW formation? ...
Earth system models of intermediate complexity
... Dansgaard-Oeschger Oscillations & Heinrich events Labrador Sea Water formation over the last glacial cycle The future of LSW formation? ...
... Dansgaard-Oeschger Oscillations & Heinrich events Labrador Sea Water formation over the last glacial cycle The future of LSW formation? ...
Chapter 3: Climate observations and projections
... summarizes the process of translating global climate information into localized risk factors. Sources of uncertainty Climate change projections are characterized by large uncertainties. At the global scale, these uncertainties can be divided into two main categories: • Uncertainties in future GHG co ...
... summarizes the process of translating global climate information into localized risk factors. Sources of uncertainty Climate change projections are characterized by large uncertainties. At the global scale, these uncertainties can be divided into two main categories: • Uncertainties in future GHG co ...
ClimateChange11 - Stand
... p1: Two stories are going to dominate the 21st century. p2-3: Story #1: Poverty reduction p2-3: One story is development and poverty reduction; this is going to be great news, and it’s all going to happen on its own (invisible hand). p4-5: Story #2: Environmental impact p4-5: The other story is the ...
... p1: Two stories are going to dominate the 21st century. p2-3: Story #1: Poverty reduction p2-3: One story is development and poverty reduction; this is going to be great news, and it’s all going to happen on its own (invisible hand). p4-5: Story #2: Environmental impact p4-5: The other story is the ...
Fact Sheet: Arctic Warming - Center for American Progress
... • Black carbon pollution, or soot, is emitted by diesel cars and trucks, woodstoves, wildfires, agricultural burning, oil and gas production, and shipping. Black carbon is a short-lived climate pollutant that directly warms the Arctic by trapping heat in the atmosphere.29 • Black carbon’s warming ...
... • Black carbon pollution, or soot, is emitted by diesel cars and trucks, woodstoves, wildfires, agricultural burning, oil and gas production, and shipping. Black carbon is a short-lived climate pollutant that directly warms the Arctic by trapping heat in the atmosphere.29 • Black carbon’s warming ...
Retreat of Himalayan Glaciers – Indicator of Climate Change
... Abstract: Glaciers are the coolers of the planet earth and the lifeline of many of the world’s major rivers. They contain about 75% of the Earth’s fresh water and are a source of major rivers. The interaction between glaciers and climate represents a particularly sensitive approach. On the global sc ...
... Abstract: Glaciers are the coolers of the planet earth and the lifeline of many of the world’s major rivers. They contain about 75% of the Earth’s fresh water and are a source of major rivers. The interaction between glaciers and climate represents a particularly sensitive approach. On the global sc ...
Developing a Vision for Climate Variability Research in the
... Southern Hemisphere wind patterns, with likely implications for ocean heat and carbon uptake (Figure 1). This will exert a strong influence on the global climate system. Much effort has recently gone into improving ocean model representation of the role of eddies, yet these processes are not yet ade ...
... Southern Hemisphere wind patterns, with likely implications for ocean heat and carbon uptake (Figure 1). This will exert a strong influence on the global climate system. Much effort has recently gone into improving ocean model representation of the role of eddies, yet these processes are not yet ade ...
Long-term natural variability and 20th century climate change
... fingerprints with internal variability. Linear discriminant analysis, an exploratory data analysis pattern recognition technique, provides a way to distinguish forced from internal RASST variability when applied in an identical fashion to modelled and observed RASST fields (17). This analysis lifts ...
... fingerprints with internal variability. Linear discriminant analysis, an exploratory data analysis pattern recognition technique, provides a way to distinguish forced from internal RASST variability when applied in an identical fashion to modelled and observed RASST fields (17). This analysis lifts ...
The status of the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool and adjacent land at the
... above 29.5 jC, deep atmospheric convection is suppressed (Waliser and Graham, 1993), but an explanation for this phenomenon remains a mystery (Webster, 1994). On the lower end of this temperature range, deep convection also disappears, and we assume here that if the same relationship may have applie ...
... above 29.5 jC, deep atmospheric convection is suppressed (Waliser and Graham, 1993), but an explanation for this phenomenon remains a mystery (Webster, 1994). On the lower end of this temperature range, deep convection also disappears, and we assume here that if the same relationship may have applie ...
Detection of a Human Influence on North American Climate
... anthropogenic and natural forcings. However, we have not considered some other possible anthropogenic forcings, such as changes in land cover or the role of carbon black and other nonsulfate aerosols, which are likely to be somewhat more important on regional than on global scales. ...
... anthropogenic and natural forcings. However, we have not considered some other possible anthropogenic forcings, such as changes in land cover or the role of carbon black and other nonsulfate aerosols, which are likely to be somewhat more important on regional than on global scales. ...
Future sea level
The rate of global mean sea-level rise (~3 mm/yr; SLR) has accelerated compared to the mean of the 20th century (~2 mm/yr), but the rate of rise is locally variable. Factors contributing to SLR include decreased global ice volume and warming of the ocean. On Greenland, the deficiency between annual ice gained and lost tripled between 1996 and 2007. On Antarctica the deficiency increased by 75%. Mountain glaciers are retreating and the cumulative mean thickness change has accelerated from about −1.8 to −4 m in 1965 to 1970 to about −12 to −14 m in the first decade of the 21st century. From 1961 to 2003, ocean temperatures to a depth of 700 m increased and portions of the deeper ocean are warming.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) projected sea level would reach 0.18 to 0.59 m above present by the end of the 21st century but lacked an estimate of ice flow dynamics calving. Calving was added by Pfeffer et al. (2008) indicating 0.8 to 2 m of SLR by 2100 (favouring the low end of this range). Rahmstorf (2007) estimated SLR will reach 0.5 to 1.4 m by the end of the century. Pielke (2008) points out that observed SLR has exceeded the best case projections thus far. These approximations and others indicate that global mean SLR may reach 1 m by the end of this century. However, sea level is highly variable and planners considering local impacts must take this variability into account.