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pediatric radiography
pediatric radiography

... • Positioning can be more critical, aligning to detectors • Manual techniques may be required to produce optimum quality • Post processing as a method of enhancing image should be discouraged • Exposure creep must be avoided (any more than 4% unacceptable) ADVANTAGE provides statistical evidence of ...
Document
Document

... • The weighting factor (wR) is also 1 for X-rays and gamma rays. • The weighting factor (wR) is 20 for alpha particles and 5-20 for neutrons, depending on energy. • Some beta particles may not be much hazard because they have low energy and will not penetrate the skin (for example, from tritium). • ...
PDF version - Sciencesconf.org
PDF version - Sciencesconf.org

... Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 - UFR de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) – Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) - Paris VI – 4 place Jussieu - 75005 Paris, France ...
II. Basic Physics of Ionizing Radiation
II. Basic Physics of Ionizing Radiation

... intended to reflect the total biological effect of a given exposure on a human. It is a weighted average of the individual doses to a number of important tissues: ...
Radiation Dosimetry of the Patient – Chapter 24, Bushberg
Radiation Dosimetry of the Patient – Chapter 24, Bushberg

...  Would you prefer to receive a dose of 10 mGy to the whole body or 20 mGy to the finger?  The 10 mGy whole body dose represents about 1,000 times the ionizing energy absorbed for a 70-kg person with a 35 g finger ...
pp003 calculation of conversion factor relating measured patient
pp003 calculation of conversion factor relating measured patient

... profile, to measure entrance surface dose (ESD), and the peak surface dose (PSD). The objective of this work was to study the feasibility of using RF as in vivo dosimeters to measure ESD from patients undergoing routine CT examination of the sinus and relate the measurements to the scanner calculate ...
Definition of Medical Event in Permanent Implant Brachytherapy April 24, 2012
Definition of Medical Event in Permanent Implant Brachytherapy April 24, 2012

... event if “the total dose delivered differs from the prescribed dose by 20% or more.” • This definition relies on estimates of absorbed dose which is hard to quantify. ...
Physics Practice Questions 2009
Physics Practice Questions 2009

... MRI ...
Radiation Dose Reduction in Pediatric CT
Radiation Dose Reduction in Pediatric CT

... implementing radiation dose reduction. • To become familiar with the various modifications that can be done to reduce neuroradiological CT examination radiation doses in pediatrics (on both older and newer generation scanners). ...
All patients will receive both EBRT and BT. Summation of EBRT and
All patients will receive both EBRT and BT. Summation of EBRT and

... All patients will receive both EBRT and BT. Summation of EBRT and BT doses will be performed by calculation of a biologically equivalent dose in 2 Gy per fraction (EQD2) using the linear quadratic model with α/β = 10 Gy for tumour effects and α/β=3 Gy for late normal tissue damage.The repair half ti ...
X-ray fluoroscopy imaging in the invasive cardiac laboratory
X-ray fluoroscopy imaging in the invasive cardiac laboratory

... increased patient dose rate for flat panel fluoroscopy systems? a) The size of the output phosphor is constant. b) Decreasing minifaction gain requires increase tube output. c) Detector target dose remains constant for all FOV. d) As the FOV gets smaller, local photon density increases. e) Use of se ...
Hot Topic: Limiting Radiation Exposure in Radiographic Evaluation
Hot Topic: Limiting Radiation Exposure in Radiographic Evaluation

... Dual- and Multi-Energy CT: Principles, Technical Approaches, and ...
Purpose: Emission guided radiation therapy (EGRT
Purpose: Emission guided radiation therapy (EGRT

... Purpose: Emission guided radiation therapy (EGRT) is a new concept that allows for online biological targeting with radioactive tracers. The concept was previously demonstrated in phantom experiments involving free breathing trajectories. This study involves the first patient imaging data to assess ...
pdf
pdf

... (p=0.549). The CTDIvol in both RP-CT and DG#CT CTDIvol increase with higher BMI, but the dependence is much stronger in the DG-CT studies than in the RP-CT (DG-CT r=0.852,p<0.001; RP-CT r=0.279,p=0.044). Variations in CTDIvol with BMI indicates the ability of the CT system to modulate the mA accordi ...
Chapter 10, (6th ed)
Chapter 10, (6th ed)

... Reduction of repeats Windowing and leveling allow for less images being produced. Fluoro Image ingtensifier, 5 minute timer, dead man switch, filter on fluoro tube, lead in table to protect Rad. Last image hold Pulsed fluoro CT Protocols that reduce dose THERE IS GREAT INTEREST IN DOSE REDUCTION IN ...
Reports and Activities of International Commission on Radiation
Reports and Activities of International Commission on Radiation

... 1950 named International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Mandate: provide guidance for practical radiation protection ...
Dental CT scanners and physical quality parameters El
Dental CT scanners and physical quality parameters El

... Results: Scanora 3D, with less radiation time, showed less dosing values compared to 3D Accuitomo 80 (Mean 0.33 mSv, SD ± 0.16 VS 0.18 mSv, SD ± 0.1). Using paired t-test, no significant difference was found in Accuitomo two scan sessions (p > 0.05), while it was highly significant in Scanora (p > 0 ...
Dental CT Scan Parameter Form
Dental CT Scan Parameter Form

... IAC Dental CT Scan Parameter Form This form must contain specific information for the Dental CT case study submitted for review. Patient initials (first 3 letters of last name, first 3 letters of first name) or ID (MRN): Cone beam CT unit make and model: ...
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Sievert

The sievert (symbol: Sv) is a derived unit of ionizing radiation dose in the International System of Units (SI). It is a measure of the health effect of low levels of ionizing radiation on the human body.Quantities that are measured in sieverts are intended to represent the stochastic health risk, which for radiation dose assessment is defined as the probability of cancer induction and genetic damage.The sievert is used for radiation dose quantities such as equivalent dose, effective dose, and committed dose. It is used both to represent the risk of the effect of external radiation from sources outside the body, and the effect of internal irradiation due to inhaled or ingested radioactive substances.Conventionally the sievert is not used for high dose rates of radiation which produce deterministic effects, which is the severity of acute tissue damage which is certain to happen. These effects are compared to the physical quantity absorbed dose measured by the unit gray (Gy).To enable consideration of stochastic health risk, calculations are performed to convert the physical quantity absorbed dose into equivalent and effective doses, the details of which depend on the radiation type and biological context. For applications in radiation protection and dosimetry assessment the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) have published recommendations and data which are used to calculate these.The sievert is of fundamental importance in dosimetry and radiation protection, and is named after Rolf Maximilian Sievert, a Swedish medical physicist renowned for work on radiation dosage measurement and research into the biological effects of radiation. One sievert carries with it a 5.5% chance of eventually developing cancer.One sievert equals 100 rem. The rem is an older, non-SI unit of measurement.To enable a comprehensive view of the sievert this article deals with the definition of the sievert as an SI unit, summarises the recommendations of the ICRU and ICRP on how the sievert is calculated, includes a guide to the effects of ionizing radiation as measured in sieverts, and gives examples of approximate figures of dose uptake in certain situations.
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