j.0022-1112.2005.00934.x.doc
... total CPUE (all fishes). Depth measurements were converted to 5 semi-quantitative categories for the analyses (<20, 21–30, 31–40, 41–50 and >50 cm). This enabled the analysis of the role of depth in the variation of CPUE and fish size without assuming linear relationships, as would have been the ca ...
... total CPUE (all fishes). Depth measurements were converted to 5 semi-quantitative categories for the analyses (<20, 21–30, 31–40, 41–50 and >50 cm). This enabled the analysis of the role of depth in the variation of CPUE and fish size without assuming linear relationships, as would have been the ca ...
Population Structure, Habitat Use, and Diet of Giant Waterbugs in a
... Pisarowicz (1999). The cave is structured into different chambers, the nomenclature of which follows Gordon and Rosen (1962). The front chambers obtain some dim light through skylights, whereas the rearmost chambers are completely dark. The cave is drained by a creek fed by a number of springs, most ...
... Pisarowicz (1999). The cave is structured into different chambers, the nomenclature of which follows Gordon and Rosen (1962). The front chambers obtain some dim light through skylights, whereas the rearmost chambers are completely dark. The cave is drained by a creek fed by a number of springs, most ...
here
... 3. Starting at the water's edge at the time of the low tide given in the tide table and gradually moving toward the highest levels of the shore, identify the most common species that are seen as the group moves up the shore. Look at the underside of rocks but be sure to turn them back to their origi ...
... 3. Starting at the water's edge at the time of the low tide given in the tide table and gradually moving toward the highest levels of the shore, identify the most common species that are seen as the group moves up the shore. Look at the underside of rocks but be sure to turn them back to their origi ...
Ecology of Ecosystems
... within species and among dierent species. The resources for which organisms compete include organic material from living or previously living organisms, sunlight, and mineral nutrients, which provide the energy for living processes and the matter to make up organisms' physical structures. Other cri ...
... within species and among dierent species. The resources for which organisms compete include organic material from living or previously living organisms, sunlight, and mineral nutrients, which provide the energy for living processes and the matter to make up organisms' physical structures. Other cri ...
1995 Why is the Double-crested Cormorant a Problem
... T h e age of first breeding for Doublecrested Cormorants is unknown for the Great Lakes, but Van de Veen (1973) found that over 20% of breeders of a slowly increasing (8% per year) Pacific coast population were only one to nvo years of age. That the species can breed this early is icself remarkable, ...
... T h e age of first breeding for Doublecrested Cormorants is unknown for the Great Lakes, but Van de Veen (1973) found that over 20% of breeders of a slowly increasing (8% per year) Pacific coast population were only one to nvo years of age. That the species can breed this early is icself remarkable, ...
Gallery of Pennsylvania Fishes - Chapter 11, Carps and Minnows
... Life history: Shiners are schooling fish. They feed, travel and spawn sometimes in very large groups. Shiners, especially abundant types like the Common, Golden and Emerald, are important forage fish, providing food for larger fish and game fish. Anglers also use Shiners for bait. Shiner species sho ...
... Life history: Shiners are schooling fish. They feed, travel and spawn sometimes in very large groups. Shiners, especially abundant types like the Common, Golden and Emerald, are important forage fish, providing food for larger fish and game fish. Anglers also use Shiners for bait. Shiner species sho ...
and the degree of omnivory of five Celtic Sea fish predato
... deviance explained by the different covariates or factors individually showed that there ...
... deviance explained by the different covariates or factors individually showed that there ...
climate driven trophic cascades affecting seabirds around the british
... with high foraging costs, little ability to dive below the sea surface, little ‘spare’ time in their daily activity budget, short foraging range from the breeding site, and little ability to switch diet (Furness & Tasker 2000). The well documented declines in breeding productivity of kittiwakes, sh ...
... with high foraging costs, little ability to dive below the sea surface, little ‘spare’ time in their daily activity budget, short foraging range from the breeding site, and little ability to switch diet (Furness & Tasker 2000). The well documented declines in breeding productivity of kittiwakes, sh ...
From individuals to populations to communities A dynamic energy
... framework. Current efforts to model marine ecosystems can be schematically classified into two categories. First, species based models (e.g. Polovina, 1984; Walters et al., 1997; Pauly et al., 2000; Fulton et al., 2004) where a large number of unstructured species/populations interact through prescri ...
... framework. Current efforts to model marine ecosystems can be schematically classified into two categories. First, species based models (e.g. Polovina, 1984; Walters et al., 1997; Pauly et al., 2000; Fulton et al., 2004) where a large number of unstructured species/populations interact through prescri ...
CHAPTER 5. THREATS AND EMERGING CONCERNS 5.1
... The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) suggests that the threat to ecosystems from development patterns and current practices in the Southeast rivals threats from climate change (Terando et al. 2014). Habitat degradation and fragmentation arising from sprawling development patterns are some of the most s ...
... The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) suggests that the threat to ecosystems from development patterns and current practices in the Southeast rivals threats from climate change (Terando et al. 2014). Habitat degradation and fragmentation arising from sprawling development patterns are some of the most s ...
Oh Deer! Do We Have a Problem?
... B. biogeochemical cycles • a pathway by which a chemical elements or molecules moves through compartments of Earth • chemical interactions that exist between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere • naturally occurring physical, chemical and biological processes • carbon cycle; nit ...
... B. biogeochemical cycles • a pathway by which a chemical elements or molecules moves through compartments of Earth • chemical interactions that exist between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere • naturally occurring physical, chemical and biological processes • carbon cycle; nit ...
Text - University of Glasgow
... study species and fish handling Juveniles of the common Indo-Pacific damselfish, Pomacentrus amboinensis, were used as the resource prey. This benthic species is a site-attached omnivorous demersal spawner with a bipartite life history. When the larvae (10–15 mm SL; Kerrigan 1996) settle to shallow ...
... study species and fish handling Juveniles of the common Indo-Pacific damselfish, Pomacentrus amboinensis, were used as the resource prey. This benthic species is a site-attached omnivorous demersal spawner with a bipartite life history. When the larvae (10–15 mm SL; Kerrigan 1996) settle to shallow ...
Chapter 6
... conditions (Erman 1996). Invertebrate biomass in the water is highest during the high water period (winter) and lowest in the summer and fall when the water is low because many insects are in their terrestrial stage or are in a small larval stage (Erman 1996). Under managed conditions, invertebrates ...
... conditions (Erman 1996). Invertebrate biomass in the water is highest during the high water period (winter) and lowest in the summer and fall when the water is low because many insects are in their terrestrial stage or are in a small larval stage (Erman 1996). Under managed conditions, invertebrates ...
Differential response of ants to nutrient addition in a tropical Brown
... between plant decomposition rates and N and P concentrations in litter. Furthermore, according to the Structural Elements Hypothesis (Sterner and Elser, 2002), the nitrogen content of litter limits the growth and abundance of silk-spinning invertebrates (spiders, mesostigmatid mites and pseudoscorpi ...
... between plant decomposition rates and N and P concentrations in litter. Furthermore, according to the Structural Elements Hypothesis (Sterner and Elser, 2002), the nitrogen content of litter limits the growth and abundance of silk-spinning invertebrates (spiders, mesostigmatid mites and pseudoscorpi ...
Since 1993, have there been changes in Great Lakes Piping Plover
... into conservation plans. Climate change that affects quantity and quality of shoreline habitat will also affect Piping Plovers. Lake levels and precipitation will become more important to Piping Plover fledging success via changes in amount of lake level fluctuation, predicted overall water level de ...
... into conservation plans. Climate change that affects quantity and quality of shoreline habitat will also affect Piping Plovers. Lake levels and precipitation will become more important to Piping Plover fledging success via changes in amount of lake level fluctuation, predicted overall water level de ...
Than Muck Munchers: Detritivores Impact Primary Producer Food Web
... laboratory working group at the University of Maryland has had success conducting and analyzing this type of experimental design (Finke and Denno 2004, Finke and Denno 2005). I predict that detritivore communities that synergistically graze leaf litter and promote microbial decomposition will positi ...
... laboratory working group at the University of Maryland has had success conducting and analyzing this type of experimental design (Finke and Denno 2004, Finke and Denno 2005). I predict that detritivore communities that synergistically graze leaf litter and promote microbial decomposition will positi ...
Linking community and ecosystem dynamics through spatial
... tradition. Primary producers and consumers are explicitly modelled while nutrient pools and detritus recycling are unaccounted. Patch may harbour different food web complexity. Migration fluxes are mostly seen as transfers of species traits through top-down and bottom-up control of local trophic dyn ...
... tradition. Primary producers and consumers are explicitly modelled while nutrient pools and detritus recycling are unaccounted. Patch may harbour different food web complexity. Migration fluxes are mostly seen as transfers of species traits through top-down and bottom-up control of local trophic dyn ...
Environmental Science Final Exam Review Sheet
... What is the energy source for photosynthesis? Define ecosystem. Define eutrophication. Define theory. Define niche. Define abiotic. Write the equation for photosynthesis. Define entropy. Define producer, consumer, herbivore, carnivore, decomposer, scavenger, and omnivore, and provide an example of e ...
... What is the energy source for photosynthesis? Define ecosystem. Define eutrophication. Define theory. Define niche. Define abiotic. Write the equation for photosynthesis. Define entropy. Define producer, consumer, herbivore, carnivore, decomposer, scavenger, and omnivore, and provide an example of e ...
The role of a water bug, Sigara striata, in freshwater food webs
... of its potential predators and preys were collected at the same site and others in various small fishless water bodies close to the city of České Budějovice. Species were selected to represent a wide variety of regionally dominant species and to form a taxonomically and functionally diverse assem ...
... of its potential predators and preys were collected at the same site and others in various small fishless water bodies close to the city of České Budějovice. Species were selected to represent a wide variety of regionally dominant species and to form a taxonomically and functionally diverse assem ...
Predation Risk Influences Adaptive Morphological Variation in Fish
... In aquatic communities, indirect effects of predators have been found to be of major importance for prey habitat preference because the predation risk may vary in both littoral and pelagic habitats (Eklöv and Van Kooten 2001). However, evolutionary consequences of such indirect effects have not bee ...
... In aquatic communities, indirect effects of predators have been found to be of major importance for prey habitat preference because the predation risk may vary in both littoral and pelagic habitats (Eklöv and Van Kooten 2001). However, evolutionary consequences of such indirect effects have not bee ...
Villy Cristensen: Using ecosystem modeling for fisheries
... • Habitat and environmental changes (including those caused by fishing) and intensive fishery removals are creating novel situations, which we can only handle with difficulty: – We do not to understand the ‘mechanics’ of ecological response well enough to be able to predict all important responses t ...
... • Habitat and environmental changes (including those caused by fishing) and intensive fishery removals are creating novel situations, which we can only handle with difficulty: – We do not to understand the ‘mechanics’ of ecological response well enough to be able to predict all important responses t ...