On the organization of ecosystems Veldhuis, Michiel
... between autotrophs that build organic molecules and decomposers breaking them down forms the basic structure of all ecosystems and is the generic motor on which all life on earth depends. Subsequently, we can extend this loop by adding an earthworm species (D) that consumes the litter and through fr ...
... between autotrophs that build organic molecules and decomposers breaking them down forms the basic structure of all ecosystems and is the generic motor on which all life on earth depends. Subsequently, we can extend this loop by adding an earthworm species (D) that consumes the litter and through fr ...
Survival Kit
... animals and insects live in the tropical rainforest People of the Rainforests: Since the first days of human life on the Earth’s surface people have inhabited rainforests worldwide, as our relatives, the apes have done in past and present years, humans have been roaming and inhabiting rainforests fo ...
... animals and insects live in the tropical rainforest People of the Rainforests: Since the first days of human life on the Earth’s surface people have inhabited rainforests worldwide, as our relatives, the apes have done in past and present years, humans have been roaming and inhabiting rainforests fo ...
Introduced freshwater fishes in a global endemic hotspot
... introductions of this and potentially other aquaculture species into wild systems. Both species grow much larger than all native freshwater fish species of this region, with the diet of B. bidyanus being omnivorous (Rowland and Barlow 1991) and M. ambigua feeding as a generalist carnivore (Baumgartn ...
... introductions of this and potentially other aquaculture species into wild systems. Both species grow much larger than all native freshwater fish species of this region, with the diet of B. bidyanus being omnivorous (Rowland and Barlow 1991) and M. ambigua feeding as a generalist carnivore (Baumgartn ...
Restoration scale and stream benefits in California rangelands
... • Potential importance of buffer length ...
... • Potential importance of buffer length ...
Symbiotic fungal endophytes control insect host±parasite interaction
... terrestrial plants affect both the quantity and quality of resources1,2, and thus the energy supply to consumer populations at higher levels in the food chain. Empirical evidence on resource limitation of food webs points to primary productivity as a major determinant of consumer abundance and troph ...
... terrestrial plants affect both the quantity and quality of resources1,2, and thus the energy supply to consumer populations at higher levels in the food chain. Empirical evidence on resource limitation of food webs points to primary productivity as a major determinant of consumer abundance and troph ...
DISPERSAL OF LIVING ORGANISMS INTO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
... of the former and its predominant importance to mankind. In such areas as nutrition, disease control, genetics, and husbandry, aquaculture has a lot of experience yet to be obtained and utilized. In nearly every instance where an exotic aquatic species has been the subject of culture, escape into op ...
... of the former and its predominant importance to mankind. In such areas as nutrition, disease control, genetics, and husbandry, aquaculture has a lot of experience yet to be obtained and utilized. In nearly every instance where an exotic aquatic species has been the subject of culture, escape into op ...
Terrestrial Ecology Week 2 quiz Multiple Choice Identify the choice
... The anhingas, bobcats, and alligators would probably be fewer in number than other species, since they are secondary or tertiary consumers and much of the ecosystem’s energy has been lost by the time it reaches them. 3. ANS: One percent of the original energy of the plants will be available to the a ...
... The anhingas, bobcats, and alligators would probably be fewer in number than other species, since they are secondary or tertiary consumers and much of the ecosystem’s energy has been lost by the time it reaches them. 3. ANS: One percent of the original energy of the plants will be available to the a ...
Semester 1 Exam Review Sheet
... I can analyze ecological pyramids and apply my understanding to the dynamics of an ecosystem. I can outline the overview of chemical cycling in an ecosystem. I can outline the water, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur cycles in an ecosystem Unit 3 Water Resources and Pollution Learning Targets ...
... I can analyze ecological pyramids and apply my understanding to the dynamics of an ecosystem. I can outline the overview of chemical cycling in an ecosystem. I can outline the water, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur cycles in an ecosystem Unit 3 Water Resources and Pollution Learning Targets ...
Herbs and Grasses
... of herbivores (figure 5.4). Responses varied, but notably, Achillea, Festuca, and Mertensia increased when fertilized, but they had an even greater increase when fenced as well. This indicates that some portion of the additional productivity due to fertilization was being consumed in the unfenced pl ...
... of herbivores (figure 5.4). Responses varied, but notably, Achillea, Festuca, and Mertensia increased when fertilized, but they had an even greater increase when fenced as well. This indicates that some portion of the additional productivity due to fertilization was being consumed in the unfenced pl ...
Experimental assessment of the effects of a Neotropical nocturnal piscivore
... attributes of predators (e.g., ambush vs. pursuit) and prey (e.g., sedentary vs. mobile; solitary vs. gregarious) affect how habitat complexity mediates predation (Juanes et al., 2002; Almany, 2004). Since invasive species typically encounter novel competitors and predators, their invasiveness may b ...
... attributes of predators (e.g., ambush vs. pursuit) and prey (e.g., sedentary vs. mobile; solitary vs. gregarious) affect how habitat complexity mediates predation (Juanes et al., 2002; Almany, 2004). Since invasive species typically encounter novel competitors and predators, their invasiveness may b ...
Tadpoles, Predation and Pond Habitats in the Tropics METHODS
... the four habitats. We suggest that the well-developed lateral line system of L. pentadactylus as compared to other Leptodactylus tadpoles is important in prey detection and capture. Significant differences were obtained in comparing results of the L. pentadactylus and Hyla rosenbergi experiments dep ...
... the four habitats. We suggest that the well-developed lateral line system of L. pentadactylus as compared to other Leptodactylus tadpoles is important in prey detection and capture. Significant differences were obtained in comparing results of the L. pentadactylus and Hyla rosenbergi experiments dep ...
06_3eTIF
... autotrophs in this level. The next level, consumers, includes herbivores as primary consumers and carnivores as secondary and tertiary consumers. All organisms at this level are heterotrophs. The final level is the decomposers, which include all detritivores, bacteria, and fungi. These are all heter ...
... autotrophs in this level. The next level, consumers, includes herbivores as primary consumers and carnivores as secondary and tertiary consumers. All organisms at this level are heterotrophs. The final level is the decomposers, which include all detritivores, bacteria, and fungi. These are all heter ...
General Equilibrium of an Ecosystem
... the impacts on the ecosystems can be quantified in terms of ecosystem variables such as species populations, and in terms of economic variables such as prices and incomes. i In this paper, quantifying impacts on ecosystems is assumed to be desirable: improved policies will follow from models that i ...
... the impacts on the ecosystems can be quantified in terms of ecosystem variables such as species populations, and in terms of economic variables such as prices and incomes. i In this paper, quantifying impacts on ecosystems is assumed to be desirable: improved policies will follow from models that i ...
Integrating Different Organizational Levels in Benthic Biodiversity
... the role of genetic diversity on ecosystem function, two of which assessed the effects on intertidal invertebrates. Within-species diversity was manipulated in the barnacle Balanus improvisus by altering the number of parental broods (Gamfeldt et al., 2005). In a similar way, the number of maternal ...
... the role of genetic diversity on ecosystem function, two of which assessed the effects on intertidal invertebrates. Within-species diversity was manipulated in the barnacle Balanus improvisus by altering the number of parental broods (Gamfeldt et al., 2005). In a similar way, the number of maternal ...
`wasp-waist` food webs
... of top-down control in locusts. This testifies a more fundamental imbalance between the approaches in marine and terrestrial ecology. Mass balance, biogeochemical, and whole-food web modelling is more advanced in the sea, whereas on land, the research tends to be more autecological or at least more ...
... of top-down control in locusts. This testifies a more fundamental imbalance between the approaches in marine and terrestrial ecology. Mass balance, biogeochemical, and whole-food web modelling is more advanced in the sea, whereas on land, the research tends to be more autecological or at least more ...
The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in
... We present results for total plant and herbivore biomasses as ecosystem properties for comparison with experimental studies. Stability is assessed here as the ability to reduce temporal variability of these properties in a fluctuating environment. Environmental fluctuations were included in the form o ...
... We present results for total plant and herbivore biomasses as ecosystem properties for comparison with experimental studies. Stability is assessed here as the ability to reduce temporal variability of these properties in a fluctuating environment. Environmental fluctuations were included in the form o ...
Full text in pdf format
... sediments (Fenchel 1969, Colijn & Dijkema 1981, Delgad0 1989). Data obtained by all these investigators establish the presence of an intricate complex of abiotic and biotic factors that affect the spatial distribution of microphytobenthic organisms on different spatial scales. However, the literatur ...
... sediments (Fenchel 1969, Colijn & Dijkema 1981, Delgad0 1989). Data obtained by all these investigators establish the presence of an intricate complex of abiotic and biotic factors that affect the spatial distribution of microphytobenthic organisms on different spatial scales. However, the literatur ...
Potential impacts of ocean acidification on the Puget Sound food web
... model parameters were derived from the biological and ecological characteristics of each group. The food web spans nearly five trophic levels and features benthic, pelagic, and ubiquitous functional groups, including detrital pools, primary producers, invertebrates, fishes, marine mammals, and seabi ...
... model parameters were derived from the biological and ecological characteristics of each group. The food web spans nearly five trophic levels and features benthic, pelagic, and ubiquitous functional groups, including detrital pools, primary producers, invertebrates, fishes, marine mammals, and seabi ...
Field Report project results
... monitored to evaluate arboreal mammals. 4) Ungulates and rodents are important bush meat species and were used to examine how climate change is impacting sustainability of hunting. 5) Carnivores, marsupials and edentates were used to monitor non-bush meat mammals. 6) Giant river otters and manatees ...
... monitored to evaluate arboreal mammals. 4) Ungulates and rodents are important bush meat species and were used to examine how climate change is impacting sustainability of hunting. 5) Carnivores, marsupials and edentates were used to monitor non-bush meat mammals. 6) Giant river otters and manatees ...
JUL 1 20 5 1
... • unce11ainty in the quantitative relationship between any underlying factor (e.g., outflow) and the response variable of interest (e.g. , survival); and ...
... • unce11ainty in the quantitative relationship between any underlying factor (e.g., outflow) and the response variable of interest (e.g. , survival); and ...