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The Third Planet
The Third Planet

... structure and evolution is based on numerous observations from Earth, experiments performed on the Moon’s surface, and analysis of Moon rocks. Although we do not know if it formed by a collision or with the Earth as a double planet, after the Moon accreted to approximately its present size, it must ...
Rock Cycle Game-1
Rock Cycle Game-1

... (Slightly modified from an exercise by Andrew Manning of the University of Utah with some ideas from "Rock Roulette" by Stan Schmidt and Courtney Palmer). Introduction The rock cycle describes the recycling of Earth materials through time. There are almost endless possibilities for how rocks may mov ...
File
File

... 8. Dividing the Earth into layers based on chemical composition results in three layers--crust, mantle, core--with pronounced differences in chemical composition (or mineral makeup) of these layers. In contrast, dividing the Earth into layers based on how the rocks respond to increased temperature a ...
Mid-Ocean Ridge
Mid-Ocean Ridge

... Hydrothermal vents So why are scientists so surprised to find life so deep in the ocean? What did they previously think organisms needed to survive? ...
The Esk Valley - Edinburgh Geological Society
The Esk Valley - Edinburgh Geological Society

... water finally emerged from the ice as a raging torrent, which continued to cut channels. The picture shows the channel southwest of Carlops, now floored with debris dumped as the meltwaters subsided. The small hill is Peaked Craig, a volcanic remnant which resisted erosion. The North Esk flows in a ...
Plate Tectonics
Plate Tectonics

... The discoveries these scientists made were going against the belief that the continents were stable and fixed. To even think that the continents could be moving was ridiculous to people in the past and if a scientist were to propose it they would be ridiculed. ...
Chapter 7, Section 4 Directed Reading A
Chapter 7, Section 4 Directed Reading A

... _____ 25. The rising of Earth’s crust to higher elevations is called a. uplift. c. subsidence. b. deformation. d. uprise. _____ 26. The sinking of regions of the Earth’s crust to lower elevations is called a. uplift. c. subsidence. b. rebound. d. uprise. _____ 27. When the Earth’s crust slowly sprin ...
Application cases of the offer Magnetic inversion
Application cases of the offer Magnetic inversion

... to top of sediments and basaltic crust layer. Strike of layers was set equal to infinity in modeling. The value for density layers (in g/cm3), the following: water (1.03), sediment (2.1), the oceanic crust (2.8-3.0) and mantle (3.1-3.3). Isostatic principle is applied in the first stage of modeling. ...
Hadean plate tectonics
Hadean plate tectonics

... Solar rare gases in plume magmas 4He/3He ...
Plate Tectonics notes
Plate Tectonics notes

... rises while cooler material near the surface sinks. 3. Slab Pull – the denser oceanic lithosphere plate sinks and pulls the rest of the tectonic plate with it. ...
APS Science Curriculum Unit Planner
APS Science Curriculum Unit Planner

... known as ridge push. These locations are known as divergent boundaries, places where the plates are moving apart. New crust is created at ridges and rises where magma flows out of cracks in the crust at divergent boundaries on the ocean floor called spreading centers. Divergent boundaries are also f ...
The Dangerous Earthquakes
The Dangerous Earthquakes

The Chemical Composition of the Earth`s Original Atmosphere
The Chemical Composition of the Earth`s Original Atmosphere



... access to the deep ocean. Likewise, seafloor observatories provide newly emerging opportunities to monitor seafloor environments over sustained time periods. These technologies are enabling ocean scientists to move away from mere sampling (bringing back samples from the deep ocean for analysis in the ...
Unit Six Notes
Unit Six Notes

... What evidence do we have to support this idea? o Midocean ridges are warmer than surrounding ocean floors o Active volcanoes on ridges, earthquakes on ridges o Midocean ridge rocks are younger than surrounding ocean floor rocks o Midocean ridge volcanoes are younger than volcanoes further away ...
Geology Unit Jeopardy Part 2
Geology Unit Jeopardy Part 2

... Coal forms in tropical areas, therefore Antarctica must have been located closer to the equator at one time. ...
Plate Tectonics Section 1 Sea
Plate Tectonics Section 1 Sea

... • In the late 1950s, geologist Harry Hess proposed that the valley at the center of a mid-ocean ridge was a crack, or rift, in Earth’s crust. • As the ocean floor moves away from the ridge, molten rock, or magma, rises to fill the crack. • sea-floor spreading the process by which new oceanic lithosp ...
plate tectonics - Middletown High School
plate tectonics - Middletown High School

... 1. During the 1940s and 1950s, scientists began using radar on moving ships to map large areas of the ocean floor in detail. 2. The youngest rocks are found far from the mid-ocean ridges. ...
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Rapid Changes in Earth`s Surface
Rapid Changes in Earth`s Surface

... melted candy. Below the mantle is the outer core. The outer core is liquid, but it is iron, not rock. The inner core is also metal, but it’s solid due to intense pressure. ...
a model of sea-floor spreading
a model of sea-floor spreading

... polarity. Although the magnetic field reverses at these times, the physical Earth does not move or change its direction of rotation. Basaltic lavas contain iron-bearing minerals such as magnetite which act like compasses. That is, as these ironrich minerals cool below their Curie point, they become ...
Earth Structure Notes
Earth Structure Notes

Introduction to Plate Tectonics via Google Earth
Introduction to Plate Tectonics via Google Earth

... the Earth below sea level. Before this was known, most people assumed that the seafloor was relatively flat and featureless, and personal experience with lakes and rivers suggested that the deepest part would be in the middle. Actual mapping of the sea floor, however, showed some surprises. Such map ...
Introduction to Plate Tectonics via Google Earth
Introduction to Plate Tectonics via Google Earth

... Topography of the continents and bathymetry of the sea floor Uncheck all of the layers and focus on the topography of the earth. We are all relatively familiar with the topography of the Earth’s surface above sea level, but less so with the bathymetry of the Earth below sea level. Before this was kn ...
Earth Structure Notes
Earth Structure Notes

... currents move in the liquid. When the convection currents flow in the asthenosphere they also move the crust. The crust gets a free ride with these currents, like the cork in this illustration. ...
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Geochemistry

Geochemistry is the science that uses the tools and principles of chemistry to explain the mechanisms behind major geological systems such as the Earth's crust and its oceans. The realm of geochemistry extends beyond the Earth, encompassing the entire Solar System and has made important contributions to the understanding of a number of processes including mantle convection, the formation of planets and the origins of granite and basalt.
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