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Circulatory Power Point File
Circulatory Power Point File

... •Superior and inferior venae cavae dump blood into the right atrium •From right atrium, through the tricuspid valve, blood travels to the right ventricle •From the right ventricle, blood leaves the heart as it passes through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary trunk •Pulmonary trunk spl ...
Recommendations for echocardiography use in the diagnosis and
Recommendations for echocardiography use in the diagnosis and

... TOE has revolutionized the search for cardiac sources of embolism because of its (near) non-invasive nature and its relatively good sensitivity and high specificity.8 In current clinical practice, echocardiography is used in over 80% of patients with acute stroke (particularly in stroke units) as a ...
Noncontact mapping using the Endocardial Solutions
Noncontact mapping using the Endocardial Solutions

... Emergency Center for Cardiovascular Disease. The aim of this study was to identify clinical, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic characteristics of atrial flutter underwent catheter ablation, to report the localization of the ablation line in patients with aneurismal dilated atrium using ...
PPT Ch 11Circulatory System
PPT Ch 11Circulatory System

... •Superior and inferior venae cavae dump blood into the right atrium •From right atrium, through the tricuspid valve, blood travels to the right ventricle •From the right ventricle, blood leaves the heart as it passes through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary trunk •Pulmonary trunk spl ...
The Influence of Ca and Nitroprusside on the
The Influence of Ca and Nitroprusside on the

... valve into the right ventricle and further through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary trunk. Via the pulmonary trunk the blood reaches the lungs where it is reoxygenated before it returns to the left atrium via four pulmonary veins. From the left atrium the oxygenated blood passes through the mi ...
1 - European Heart Journal
1 - European Heart Journal

... This consensus document is based on a literature review conducted using Medline (PubMed) for peer-reviewed publications and focuses on the studies published mainly in the last 10 years. Publications on appropriateness reflect an ongoing effort by the authors to critically and systematically create, ...
Communication between coronary sinus and left atrium
Communication between coronary sinus and left atrium

... Raghib et al. (i965) described a developmental complex characterized by (I) union of the left superior vena cava with the left atrium, (2) absence of the coronary sinus, and (3) an atrial septal defect in the anticipated location of the coronary sinus ostium. This complex was explained developmental ...
Medical and Surgical Treatment of Acute Right Ventricular
Medical and Surgical Treatment of Acute Right Ventricular

... and target arrhythmias. Adequate oxygenation is of utmost importance to avoid afterload increases due to HPV. We therefore aim for oxygen saturations of ⱖ92%. As RV function is highly volume dependent, a careful balance between optimized pre-load and decreased afterload is essential. If pre-load is ...
Diastolic Heart Failure - American Academy of Family Physicians
Diastolic Heart Failure - American Academy of Family Physicians

... The E- and A-wave velocities are affected by blood volume and mitral valve anatomy and function. Furthermore, these wave velocities are less useful in the setting of atrial fibrillation. Despite these limitations, Doppler echocardiography provides essential information about the anatomy and function ...
HYPERTENSION AND ARRHYTHMIA
HYPERTENSION AND ARRHYTHMIA

... pressure can trigger arrhythmia as a result of associated changes in pre- and post-charge (21). Similarly, the sympathetic irritability which commonly accompanies HT can lead to ventricular arrhythmia (22). Whether or not variations in blood electrolyte levels (notably of potassium) also constitute ...
Fontan Circulation
Fontan Circulation

... • It is used to treat complex congenital heart diseases when bi-ventricular repair is not possible: ...
Phase plane analysis of left ventricular hemodynamics
Phase plane analysis of left ventricular hemodynamics

... Received 25 July 2000; accepted in final form 10 January 2001 ...
Safe Right Bundle Branch Block Pattern During Permanent Right
Safe Right Bundle Branch Block Pattern During Permanent Right

... and the patient was doing well. However, an unusual RBBB pattern on follow-up ECG with RV1 and S1 and a frontal axis around–900 during ventricular pacing was shown (Fig. 1B). Chest roent- ...
Acquired heart disease and pregnancy - calicutcardiosr.in
Acquired heart disease and pregnancy - calicutcardiosr.in

... • Severe MR can be poorly tolerated during pregnancy only in three instances: – Acute MR resulting from chordal rupture – If AF occurs with a FVR – Long-standing severe MR complicated by severe LV dysfunction (prognosis being comparable to that of cardiomyopathy) ...
Electrical Activation Of The Ventricular Myocardium
Electrical Activation Of The Ventricular Myocardium

... The purposes of the present investigation were to determine the sequence of ventricular myocardial activation and to look for any specialized conductive tissue pathways in the crocodilian ventricular myocardium. The use of penetrating multi-point electrodes to investigate the spread of electrical ac ...
Valvular heart disease
Valvular heart disease

... • Severe MR can be poorly tolerated during pregnancy only in three instances: – Acute MR resulting from chordal rupture – If AF occurs with a FVR – Long-standing severe MR complicated by severe LV dysfunction (prognosis being comparable to that of cardiomyopathy) ...
Arq Bras Cardiol [2011] - Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia
Arq Bras Cardiol [2011] - Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

... complications has been the subject of intense debate. Some authors recommend prophylactic anticoagulation, in the long term, for all patients diagnosed with ventricular noncompaction, regardless of the ventricular function4,7. However, the risk of thromboembolism is probably lower than it was previo ...
Design Alternatives
Design Alternatives

... the box are made of 316L stainless steel. Within the box are small steel pegs that are attached to the base and extend up towards the cover. A pair of snare cords are weaved through the guide pegs within the knotting device to form a loose knot pattern. The removable cover has holes in it that match ...
Risk Stratification in Frequent Ventricular Extrasystoles: The
Risk Stratification in Frequent Ventricular Extrasystoles: The

... could unmask an subclinical cardiomyopathy or channelopathy and predispose the genesis of malignant arrhythmias. In most cases of malignant arrhythmias secondary to myocarditis, no further treatment is required. In general, when the inflammation turn off, the arrhythmogenic substrate also disappears ...
Contemporary Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine
Contemporary Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine

... defects in children but often close spontaneously or cause congestive heart failure, prompting surgical closure before adulthood. In patients who have not undergone surgery, ECG findings more directly relate to hemodynamic consequences than to specific location.26 Newly diagnosed congenital VSDs in ...
Anatomy of Cardiac Nodes and Atrioventricular Specialized
Anatomy of Cardiac Nodes and Atrioventricular Specialized

... and His3 had described muscular AV connections which were the cause of much confusion for many years.10 Later, it was observed that these connections were not to be found in healthy hearts, but in those that were diseased. Following on from the findings of Kent and His, both clinical cardiologists a ...
Comparison between pulmonary arterial and aortic root venting and
Comparison between pulmonary arterial and aortic root venting and

... clamping during open heart surgery impairs the subendocardial blood flow by increasing ventricle wall tension. If the distension is prolonged, this may result in severe ventricular dysfunction. Negative effects of distension on myocardium may be prevented by venting the left ventricle. This method a ...
Assessing left ventricular systolic function in shock
Assessing left ventricular systolic function in shock

... Introduction: Assessing left ventricular (LV) systolic function in a rapid and reliable way can be challenging in the critically ill patient. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and reliability of, as well as the association between, commonly used LV systolic parameters, by usi ...
Acute Atrial Fibrillation as an Unusual Form of Cardiotoxicity
Acute Atrial Fibrillation as an Unusual Form of Cardiotoxicity

... In the majority of LT cases, neurologic and gastrointestinal symptoms predominate including nystagmus, ataxia, tremors, nausea, vomiting,and diarrhea.2 Cardiac toxicity is unusual and generally occurs in individuals with underlying heart disease. Classically, the cardiovascular manifestations of LT ...
- Wiley Online Library
- Wiley Online Library

... univentricular circulation have been developed in sheep to monitor cardiac function after repair of HLHS, although their longterm success and application is limited (Rodefeld et al., 2003; Myers et al., 2006). Further research using these existing mechanical models, and the development of novel mode ...
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Mitral insufficiency



Mitral insufficiency (MI), mitral regurgitation or mitral incompetence is a disorder of the heart in which the mitral valve does not close properly when the heart pumps out blood. It is the abnormal leaking of blood backwards from the left ventricle, through the mitral valve, into the left atrium, when the left ventricle contracts, i.e. there is regurgitation of blood back into the left atrium. MI is the most common form of valvular heart disease.
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