Trophic network models explain instability of Early Triassic terrestrial
... incorporated the demographic properties and interactions of populations. In theory, combined topological and dynamic extinctions could be written in terms of classical interspecific dynamics, but the sheer number of interactions quickly renders this approach intractable for communities of even modes ...
... incorporated the demographic properties and interactions of populations. In theory, combined topological and dynamic extinctions could be written in terms of classical interspecific dynamics, but the sheer number of interactions quickly renders this approach intractable for communities of even modes ...
Forty years of experiments on aquatic invasive species
... Invasions by non-native species are a threat to biodiversity because invaders can impact native populations, communities and entire ecosystems. To manage this threat, it is necessary to have a strong mechanistic understanding of how non-native species affect local species and communities. We reviewe ...
... Invasions by non-native species are a threat to biodiversity because invaders can impact native populations, communities and entire ecosystems. To manage this threat, it is necessary to have a strong mechanistic understanding of how non-native species affect local species and communities. We reviewe ...
Honors Biology – Chapters 3-5
... Explain the three main ecological methods of research (observing, experimenting, modeling) Explain the benefits and limitations of ecosystem observing, experimenting, and modeling Given ecosystem data, calculate the population density of an organism ...
... Explain the three main ecological methods of research (observing, experimenting, modeling) Explain the benefits and limitations of ecosystem observing, experimenting, and modeling Given ecosystem data, calculate the population density of an organism ...
Oecologia (1994) 97:326-332 Springer-Verlag 1994 ORIGINAL PAPER
... and as such offer more complex than gut helminths, interactions among species. potential between species Our study concerns the relationship host. Over 170 of Plasmodium within their vertebrate Plasmodium (Schall 1990a), species have been described hosts are exploited and some vertebrate by two, thr ...
... and as such offer more complex than gut helminths, interactions among species. potential between species Our study concerns the relationship host. Over 170 of Plasmodium within their vertebrate Plasmodium (Schall 1990a), species have been described hosts are exploited and some vertebrate by two, thr ...
Forty years of experiments on aquatic invasive species
... Invasions by non-native species are a threat to biodiversity because invaders can impact native populations, communities and entire ecosystems. To manage this threat, it is necessary to have a strong mechanistic understanding of how non-native species affect local species and communities. We reviewe ...
... Invasions by non-native species are a threat to biodiversity because invaders can impact native populations, communities and entire ecosystems. To manage this threat, it is necessary to have a strong mechanistic understanding of how non-native species affect local species and communities. We reviewe ...
ecology culminating project
... 1. Observe: Run the Gizmo with several different starting conditions. You can use the + or – buttons to add or remove organisms, or you can choose Diseased from the dropdown lists. 2. Form hypothesis: How do you think predator and prey populations affect one another? ...
... 1. Observe: Run the Gizmo with several different starting conditions. You can use the + or – buttons to add or remove organisms, or you can choose Diseased from the dropdown lists. 2. Form hypothesis: How do you think predator and prey populations affect one another? ...
Mechanisms of species divergence through visual adaptation and
... tive mating among locally adapted individuals, which may occur through either direct or indirect mechanisms. First, ecological adaptation may have immediate consequences for mating patterns, for example when environmental conditions influence the time or place of mating. Theoretical models show that ...
... tive mating among locally adapted individuals, which may occur through either direct or indirect mechanisms. First, ecological adaptation may have immediate consequences for mating patterns, for example when environmental conditions influence the time or place of mating. Theoretical models show that ...
Wildlife dynamics in the changing New England landscape
... modifying the behaviour of the human population that interacts with this dynamic wildlife (cf. Berlik et al., 2002; Motzkin & Foster, 2002; Foster & Motzkin, 1998). In a region with immense tracts of maturing forest, but a largely suburban population that is disconnected from the natural landscape, ...
... modifying the behaviour of the human population that interacts with this dynamic wildlife (cf. Berlik et al., 2002; Motzkin & Foster, 2002; Foster & Motzkin, 1998). In a region with immense tracts of maturing forest, but a largely suburban population that is disconnected from the natural landscape, ...
Is gene flow from pelagic larval dispersal
... Pelagic larvae provide a potent means of dispersal among conspecific populations of marine organisms. Whether the gene flow resulting from this dispersal confers a short-term, adaptive advantage by damping genetic responses of local populations to ephemeral conditions, and whether this translates in ...
... Pelagic larvae provide a potent means of dispersal among conspecific populations of marine organisms. Whether the gene flow resulting from this dispersal confers a short-term, adaptive advantage by damping genetic responses of local populations to ephemeral conditions, and whether this translates in ...
A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Analysis of Multifactorial Land
... We contend that this is an oversimplification. Insular ter restrial mammal communities, either living or fossil, can be found to be unbalanced for many more reasons than a sweepstake invasion by new species. For example, faunal relaxation (i.e., the loss of species from newly isolated islands unde ...
... We contend that this is an oversimplification. Insular ter restrial mammal communities, either living or fossil, can be found to be unbalanced for many more reasons than a sweepstake invasion by new species. For example, faunal relaxation (i.e., the loss of species from newly isolated islands unde ...
this PDF file
... with crayfish chemical cues compared to controls (Fig. 1), and this reduction was significant if this species was analyzed separately (results not shown). Some caution is needed in translating laboratory results (particularly involving single chemicals) to natural conditions (Kohler 1992). Concentra ...
... with crayfish chemical cues compared to controls (Fig. 1), and this reduction was significant if this species was analyzed separately (results not shown). Some caution is needed in translating laboratory results (particularly involving single chemicals) to natural conditions (Kohler 1992). Concentra ...
Darwin`s Gala´ pagos finches in modern biology
... G. fortis with the greatest divergence in beak size also showed the greatest divergence at neutral markers. This pattern is also similar for the interspecific comparisons among the ground finches, and consistent results at these two biological scales (intra- and interspecific variation) suggest that ...
... G. fortis with the greatest divergence in beak size also showed the greatest divergence at neutral markers. This pattern is also similar for the interspecific comparisons among the ground finches, and consistent results at these two biological scales (intra- and interspecific variation) suggest that ...
Darwin`s Gala´ pagos finches in modern biology
... G. fortis with the greatest divergence in beak size also showed the greatest divergence at neutral markers. This pattern is also similar for the interspecific comparisons among the ground finches, and consistent results at these two biological scales (intra- and interspecific variation) suggest that ...
... G. fortis with the greatest divergence in beak size also showed the greatest divergence at neutral markers. This pattern is also similar for the interspecific comparisons among the ground finches, and consistent results at these two biological scales (intra- and interspecific variation) suggest that ...
Ground Work: Basic Concepts of Ecological Restoration
... The aim of ecological restoration is to fully restore the components and processes of a damaged site or ecosystem to a previous historical state, to a contemporary standard, or towards a desired future condition. This may be done passively, by simply reinstating natural disturbances or removing unna ...
... The aim of ecological restoration is to fully restore the components and processes of a damaged site or ecosystem to a previous historical state, to a contemporary standard, or towards a desired future condition. This may be done passively, by simply reinstating natural disturbances or removing unna ...
Hedge against Climate Change
... limited by herbivory. As most large mammal food webs in terrestrial systems are comprised of three links, theoretically plants in ecosystems with large mammalian predators should be, at least in part, released from the pressures of herbivory and should thus become more resource-limited. While this g ...
... limited by herbivory. As most large mammal food webs in terrestrial systems are comprised of three links, theoretically plants in ecosystems with large mammalian predators should be, at least in part, released from the pressures of herbivory and should thus become more resource-limited. While this g ...
Effects of cattle grazing on small mammal communities in the
... that small mammals play in ecosystems, it is necessary to explore their response to grazing if we hope to fully understand the ecological consequences of cattle grazing and develop sustainable land use strategies. Manipulated experiments have proved to be an important method to answer this question. ...
... that small mammals play in ecosystems, it is necessary to explore their response to grazing if we hope to fully understand the ecological consequences of cattle grazing and develop sustainable land use strategies. Manipulated experiments have proved to be an important method to answer this question. ...
Ecological Assessment of Selenium in the Aquatic Environment
... •• The most sensitive toxicity endpoints in fish larvae are teratogenic deformities such as skeletal, craniofacial, and fin deformities, and various forms of edema. •• Embryo mortality and severe development abnormalities can result in impaired recruitment of individuals into populations. Risk Asses ...
... •• The most sensitive toxicity endpoints in fish larvae are teratogenic deformities such as skeletal, craniofacial, and fin deformities, and various forms of edema. •• Embryo mortality and severe development abnormalities can result in impaired recruitment of individuals into populations. Risk Asses ...
Species-specific effects of genetic diversity and species
... For each species pool, the full factorial design for the experiment included two species diversity levels (one and four) and three genetic diversity levels (one, two and four SF). The 88 plots per species pool comprised 32 one-species—oneseed-family plots, 16 one-species—two-seed-family plots, 16 on ...
... For each species pool, the full factorial design for the experiment included two species diversity levels (one and four) and three genetic diversity levels (one, two and four SF). The 88 plots per species pool comprised 32 one-species—oneseed-family plots, 16 one-species—two-seed-family plots, 16 on ...
(2016). Exotics Exhibit More Evolutionary History Than Natives
... the stage where species adjust to local conditions. We highlight patterns of genetic variation and trait adap‑ tation that have contributed to and are resultant of the success of native anole species and exotic populations. Because predicting the spread of exotic species is a major challenge in the ...
... the stage where species adjust to local conditions. We highlight patterns of genetic variation and trait adap‑ tation that have contributed to and are resultant of the success of native anole species and exotic populations. Because predicting the spread of exotic species is a major challenge in the ...
Linking ecosystem and parasite ecology Michel Loreau,
... 2003). These new studies have all shown that plant diversity influences primary production through a complementarity effect generated by niche differentiation (which enhances resource exploitation by the community as a whole) and facilitation. Thus, there is little doubt that species diversity does ...
... 2003). These new studies have all shown that plant diversity influences primary production through a complementarity effect generated by niche differentiation (which enhances resource exploitation by the community as a whole) and facilitation. Thus, there is little doubt that species diversity does ...
The Ecology of Invasions and The Invasions of Ecology
... overarching context of the dominant political institution can the power regime then exercise its own power over those phenomena, thus integrating them into a closed—or at least less open—technological system.xxii In this vein, Lenoir believes that the discursive structure and vocabulary offered by ...
... overarching context of the dominant political institution can the power regime then exercise its own power over those phenomena, thus integrating them into a closed—or at least less open—technological system.xxii In this vein, Lenoir believes that the discursive structure and vocabulary offered by ...
Modelling Herbivore grazing resources using hyperspectral
... There is generally a strong positive correlation between leaf nitrogen concentration and photosynthesis (as long as other factors such as water availability or light are not limiting) (Field and Mooney 1986). Of the nitrogen found in a leaf, a large fraction (over 50%) is contained in the carbonfixi ...
... There is generally a strong positive correlation between leaf nitrogen concentration and photosynthesis (as long as other factors such as water availability or light are not limiting) (Field and Mooney 1986). Of the nitrogen found in a leaf, a large fraction (over 50%) is contained in the carbonfixi ...
Functional Ecology
... emission and attract members of the third trophic level. The composition and abundance of volatiles can change dramatically in response to herbivory, and such changes are likely ubiquitous among many, if not all, plant species. Many of these compounds can be perceived by insect olfactory receptors, ...
... emission and attract members of the third trophic level. The composition and abundance of volatiles can change dramatically in response to herbivory, and such changes are likely ubiquitous among many, if not all, plant species. Many of these compounds can be perceived by insect olfactory receptors, ...
Ecological fitting
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.