Document
... wavelength dependence of the source spectra radiance, the optical efficiency of the mirrors and grating, and the detector instability, which are serious in the IR region.single-beam instruments not practical. ...
... wavelength dependence of the source spectra radiance, the optical efficiency of the mirrors and grating, and the detector instability, which are serious in the IR region.single-beam instruments not practical. ...
Lecture 3
... If f s 2f o, then an aliasing occurs, and an alias frequency results, f a f s f o f s/ 2 But, if f s is very small this may not be the case, hence we must repeat the process to get the alias frequency. As before let f o 2 Hz but let f s 0.8 Hz (Ts 1.25 sec.) then f a f s f o 0.8 ...
... If f s 2f o, then an aliasing occurs, and an alias frequency results, f a f s f o f s/ 2 But, if f s is very small this may not be the case, hence we must repeat the process to get the alias frequency. As before let f o 2 Hz but let f s 0.8 Hz (Ts 1.25 sec.) then f a f s f o 0.8 ...
2: Audio Basics
... 8 bits (256 levels) linear encoding would probably be enough if the signal always used the full range. But signal varies in loudness. If full range is used for loud parts, quiet parts will suffer from bad quantization noise (only a few levels used). If full range is used for quiet parts, loud pa ...
... 8 bits (256 levels) linear encoding would probably be enough if the signal always used the full range. But signal varies in loudness. If full range is used for loud parts, quiet parts will suffer from bad quantization noise (only a few levels used). If full range is used for quiet parts, loud pa ...
Final Presentation
... ● Simple pull-up configuration ● Simple circuit for debouncing ● Using time constant of 3.3ms ...
... ● Simple pull-up configuration ● Simple circuit for debouncing ● Using time constant of 3.3ms ...
Systematic Design of Space-Time Trellis Codes for Wireless
... Superheterodyne receiver deals them with different blocks ...
... Superheterodyne receiver deals them with different blocks ...
Signal Theory
... Frequency domain is a commonly used method of signal processing. Frequency response is used to describe a systems characteristics using its response to sinusoidal signal. If a sine wave is fed into a system (input), the output will also be a sine wave, but with different amplitude and usually have ...
... Frequency domain is a commonly used method of signal processing. Frequency response is used to describe a systems characteristics using its response to sinusoidal signal. If a sine wave is fed into a system (input), the output will also be a sine wave, but with different amplitude and usually have ...
A 410-GHz CMOS push-push oscillator with an on
... Agilent E4448A spectrum analyzer. The conversion loss of the harmonic mixer is 60dB. Figure 26.1.3 shows the measured spectrum of 189GHz fundamental signal. The output power after deembedding the -60dB harmonic mixer loss is about -27dBm. Detection of 400GHz signals is challenging. The output power ...
... Agilent E4448A spectrum analyzer. The conversion loss of the harmonic mixer is 60dB. Figure 26.1.3 shows the measured spectrum of 189GHz fundamental signal. The output power after deembedding the -60dB harmonic mixer loss is about -27dBm. Detection of 400GHz signals is challenging. The output power ...
VCO Phase noise
... fluctuations per unit bandwidth. The term spectral density describes the energy distributions as a continuous function, expressed in units of energy per unit bandwidth. The phase noise of an oscillator is best described in the frequency domain where the spectral density is characterized by measuring ...
... fluctuations per unit bandwidth. The term spectral density describes the energy distributions as a continuous function, expressed in units of energy per unit bandwidth. The phase noise of an oscillator is best described in the frequency domain where the spectral density is characterized by measuring ...
Class D amplifier
... When a transistor is off, the current through it is zero. When it is on (extreme conduction), the voltage across it is small, ideally zero. In each case the power dissipation is very low. This increase the efficiency, thus requiring less power from the power supply and smaller heat sinks for the amp ...
... When a transistor is off, the current through it is zero. When it is on (extreme conduction), the voltage across it is small, ideally zero. In each case the power dissipation is very low. This increase the efficiency, thus requiring less power from the power supply and smaller heat sinks for the amp ...
DOC
... signal vs(t) of a 2Vp-p, 2.5 KHz sine wave Natural Sampled at 1.5 times the Nyquist rate. The s(t) sampling signal has a 10% duty cycle. Be sure to indicate the amplitudes of the spectral components. Look over the LM311 data sheet before lab. ...
... signal vs(t) of a 2Vp-p, 2.5 KHz sine wave Natural Sampled at 1.5 times the Nyquist rate. The s(t) sampling signal has a 10% duty cycle. Be sure to indicate the amplitudes of the spectral components. Look over the LM311 data sheet before lab. ...
Spectrum analyzer
A spectrum analyzer measures the magnitude of an input signal versus frequency within the full frequency range of the instrument. The primary use is to measure the power of the spectrum of known and unknown signals. The input signal that a spectrum analyzer measures is electrical, however, spectral compositions of other signals, such as acoustic pressure waves and optical light waves, can be considered through the use of an appropriate transducer. Optical spectrum analyzers also exist, which use direct optical techniques such as a monochromator to make measurements.By analyzing the spectra of electrical signals, dominant frequency, power, distortion, harmonics, bandwidth, and other spectral components of a signal can be observed that are not easily detectable in time domain waveforms. These parameters are useful in the characterization of electronic devices, such as wireless transmitters.The display of a spectrum analyzer has frequency on the horizontal axis and the amplitude displayed on the vertical axis. To the casual observer, a spectrum analyzer looks like an oscilloscope and, in fact, some lab instruments can function either as an oscilloscope or a spectrum analyzer.