Homework #6 Solution Set
... Balanced mixers are used in high-grade communication transmitters and receivers. 21. A certain mixer is producing the following output frequencies: 760 KHz, 1760 KHz, 1000 KHz, and 240 KHz. What are the two most likely input frequencies? The two most likely input frequencies are 760 KHz and 1000 KHz ...
... Balanced mixers are used in high-grade communication transmitters and receivers. 21. A certain mixer is producing the following output frequencies: 760 KHz, 1760 KHz, 1000 KHz, and 240 KHz. What are the two most likely input frequencies? The two most likely input frequencies are 760 KHz and 1000 KHz ...
icm_cairo
... mentioned before. The FET size of the input stage has big effect on the total noise at frequencies greater than 1.0 GHz. However, below 1.0 GHz, little improvement was found from the optimization of the size of the transistors since the thermal noise of the resistors dominates in this frequency regi ...
... mentioned before. The FET size of the input stage has big effect on the total noise at frequencies greater than 1.0 GHz. However, below 1.0 GHz, little improvement was found from the optimization of the size of the transistors since the thermal noise of the resistors dominates in this frequency regi ...
Analyzing optical spectra by computer simulation
... may be many local minima in addition to the wanted global minimum of the fit deviation. Although there are minimization algorithms which may escape from local minima, they are usually very slow and their application is not recommended for spectrum fitting. It is more efficient in most cases to reduc ...
... may be many local minima in addition to the wanted global minimum of the fit deviation. Although there are minimization algorithms which may escape from local minima, they are usually very slow and their application is not recommended for spectrum fitting. It is more efficient in most cases to reduc ...
3. VLSI Implementation of the Proposed Frequency
... The proposed circuit uses two low-pass filters, the first – to increase the pull-in range of the PLL, and the second – to ensure a higher spectral purity of the signals provided by the VCO. The commutation between these two filters is realized after 50μs (by the LIC), time interval which assures the ...
... The proposed circuit uses two low-pass filters, the first – to increase the pull-in range of the PLL, and the second – to ensure a higher spectral purity of the signals provided by the VCO. The commutation between these two filters is realized after 50μs (by the LIC), time interval which assures the ...
A 43-GHZ STATIC FREQUENCY DIVIDER IN 0.13µM STANDARD
... Fig.2. The schematic of three frequency divider topologies and output buffer. The MS-FF in Fig. 2 (a)-(c) consists of two latches connected in series. The clock of one latch is in phase while the other one is inverted. All transistors of the frequency divider are nMOS devices because of their higher ...
... Fig.2. The schematic of three frequency divider topologies and output buffer. The MS-FF in Fig. 2 (a)-(c) consists of two latches connected in series. The clock of one latch is in phase while the other one is inverted. All transistors of the frequency divider are nMOS devices because of their higher ...
SWITCHED CAPACITOR FILTER DESIGN SIMULATION capacitor
... capacitor filter and a reconstruction filter behind it. Some switched-capacitor filter chips have an op-amp linear filter onboard the chip to provide pre- or post-filtering. Clock feed through, which is an extraneous signal that switched-capacitor filters create, can occur in the signal. ...
... capacitor filter and a reconstruction filter behind it. Some switched-capacitor filter chips have an op-amp linear filter onboard the chip to provide pre- or post-filtering. Clock feed through, which is an extraneous signal that switched-capacitor filters create, can occur in the signal. ...
Stop-band limitations of the Sallen-Key, low
... until after the lower three curves pass 0 dB. The corner frequency, where the filter response starts to increase, is dependent upon the relationship between the closed-loop output impedance of the amplifier and the magnitude of R1. Eventually each filter’s response flattens at the 0-dB crossing freq ...
... until after the lower three curves pass 0 dB. The corner frequency, where the filter response starts to increase, is dependent upon the relationship between the closed-loop output impedance of the amplifier and the magnitude of R1. Eventually each filter’s response flattens at the 0-dB crossing freq ...
200GHz CMOS Prescalers with Extended Dividing
... One circuit insertion example according to the voltage injection scheme is shown in Fig. 1(a). A voltage signal Vinj is injected through a NMOS mixer that shunts outputs of the crossing couple. As the injection voltage increases and the Vgs starts to exceed the device threshold, the mixer turns on a ...
... One circuit insertion example according to the voltage injection scheme is shown in Fig. 1(a). A voltage signal Vinj is injected through a NMOS mixer that shunts outputs of the crossing couple. As the injection voltage increases and the Vgs starts to exceed the device threshold, the mixer turns on a ...
Resistors in Microwave Applications
... Mobile phones operate in the 900 MHz frequency range (GSM) and 1,8 GHz (DCS) respectively. The DECT-standard will become more and more important, it is based upon 1,8 GHz too. By using this standard the telecom providers do not need to install an expensive telephone line to each telecom customer. Fo ...
... Mobile phones operate in the 900 MHz frequency range (GSM) and 1,8 GHz (DCS) respectively. The DECT-standard will become more and more important, it is based upon 1,8 GHz too. By using this standard the telecom providers do not need to install an expensive telephone line to each telecom customer. Fo ...
Spectrum analyzer
A spectrum analyzer measures the magnitude of an input signal versus frequency within the full frequency range of the instrument. The primary use is to measure the power of the spectrum of known and unknown signals. The input signal that a spectrum analyzer measures is electrical, however, spectral compositions of other signals, such as acoustic pressure waves and optical light waves, can be considered through the use of an appropriate transducer. Optical spectrum analyzers also exist, which use direct optical techniques such as a monochromator to make measurements.By analyzing the spectra of electrical signals, dominant frequency, power, distortion, harmonics, bandwidth, and other spectral components of a signal can be observed that are not easily detectable in time domain waveforms. These parameters are useful in the characterization of electronic devices, such as wireless transmitters.The display of a spectrum analyzer has frequency on the horizontal axis and the amplitude displayed on the vertical axis. To the casual observer, a spectrum analyzer looks like an oscilloscope and, in fact, some lab instruments can function either as an oscilloscope or a spectrum analyzer.