URL - StealthSkater
... There has been much discussion regarding the Alcubierre “warp drive” metric [1] and its energy requirements [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]. Alcubierre showed that a negative energy density was required to make the warp drive space-time possible -- a requirement that violates the Weak, Strong, and Dominant En ...
... There has been much discussion regarding the Alcubierre “warp drive” metric [1] and its energy requirements [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]. Alcubierre showed that a negative energy density was required to make the warp drive space-time possible -- a requirement that violates the Weak, Strong, and Dominant En ...
Hubble Diagram Instruction Sheet
... Measuring distances in space is a daunting task. One method is to use an object with a known absolute magnitude (M); we call these Standard Candles. Type Ia supernovae are standard candles. There are two classes of supernovae, Type I and Type II. For this activity we will be using Type Ia supernovae ...
... Measuring distances in space is a daunting task. One method is to use an object with a known absolute magnitude (M); we call these Standard Candles. Type Ia supernovae are standard candles. There are two classes of supernovae, Type I and Type II. For this activity we will be using Type Ia supernovae ...
Document
... from an extremely dense and hot state, the Big Bang, 13.7 Gyr ago, expanding and cooling ever since. In the beginning, it consisted of an almost homogeneous plasma without heavy chemical elements and with only very tiny fluctuations in the density profile. It was very different from today’s structur ...
... from an extremely dense and hot state, the Big Bang, 13.7 Gyr ago, expanding and cooling ever since. In the beginning, it consisted of an almost homogeneous plasma without heavy chemical elements and with only very tiny fluctuations in the density profile. It was very different from today’s structur ...
A. Big Bang Theory: A Failure from the Beginning
... B. Rescuing the Big Bang: The "Non-falsifiability" of Evolutionary Faith Any human concept about the natural world has the possibility of being shown to be false, or "falsified," by experiments or observations. That is, scientific concepts are "falsifiable." Evolutionists recognize that evolutionism ...
... B. Rescuing the Big Bang: The "Non-falsifiability" of Evolutionary Faith Any human concept about the natural world has the possibility of being shown to be false, or "falsified," by experiments or observations. That is, scientific concepts are "falsifiable." Evolutionists recognize that evolutionism ...
Infinitarian Ethics AC
... qualifier vacuous, so that the topic might as well just have said “ought not be used”.] [The aff has the right to frame the debate to facilitate AC argumentation and compensate for time skew, so you prefer my reading of the topic so long as my arguments are reasonably topical and open to substantive ...
... qualifier vacuous, so that the topic might as well just have said “ought not be used”.] [The aff has the right to frame the debate to facilitate AC argumentation and compensate for time skew, so you prefer my reading of the topic so long as my arguments are reasonably topical and open to substantive ...
MORSELLI * Dark Matter Signals in the gamma
... We study global scale invariance along with the unimodular gravity in the vacuum. The global scale invariant gravitational action which follows the unimodular general coordinate transformations is considered without invoking any scalar field. The possible solutions for the gravitational potential un ...
... We study global scale invariance along with the unimodular gravity in the vacuum. The global scale invariant gravitational action which follows the unimodular general coordinate transformations is considered without invoking any scalar field. The possible solutions for the gravitational potential un ...
Exam 1 Solutions
... Three identical conducting spheres initially have the following charges: sphere A, +4Q; sphere B, −6Q; and sphere C, 0. Sphere A and B are fixed in place with a center-‐ to-‐center separation that is ...
... Three identical conducting spheres initially have the following charges: sphere A, +4Q; sphere B, −6Q; and sphere C, 0. Sphere A and B are fixed in place with a center-‐ to-‐center separation that is ...
The fate of black hole singularities and the parameters of the
... One of the great puzzles of astronomy and physics is what happens inside of black holes, where general relativity breaks down because of the presence of singularities[1]. That this is not just a problem of mathematical physics is apparent if one reflects on the fact that the rate of formation of bla ...
... One of the great puzzles of astronomy and physics is what happens inside of black holes, where general relativity breaks down because of the presence of singularities[1]. That this is not just a problem of mathematical physics is apparent if one reflects on the fact that the rate of formation of bla ...
Je-S 1 EPSRC Research Proposal Paper Form
... appears to be accelerating not slowing down! This was a shock and has raised the question “What mysterious force driving this acceleration?” In 2003, it became clear that cosmologists needed some new kind of matter, much different than anything we have seen before, to dominate the Universe and beat ...
... appears to be accelerating not slowing down! This was a shock and has raised the question “What mysterious force driving this acceleration?” In 2003, it became clear that cosmologists needed some new kind of matter, much different than anything we have seen before, to dominate the Universe and beat ...
6th Grade The Theoretical Beginning of the Universe / Big Bang
... (Some astronomers give a rough estimate that there are 1022 stars, although this is always changing!) ...
... (Some astronomers give a rough estimate that there are 1022 stars, although this is always changing!) ...
Chapter 15 Stars, Galaxies, and Universe
... •All of space and everything in it •Objects are very large and very far away •Uses powers of ten to write very large or very small numbers •One light year = ...
... •All of space and everything in it •Objects are very large and very far away •Uses powers of ten to write very large or very small numbers •One light year = ...
Chapter 26 Photons
... which is the expected result. While λ max changes with temperature, the relative shape of the spectrum of radiated intensities does not. Figure (1) is a general sketch of the blackbody radiation spectrum. To determine the blackbody spectrum for another temperature, first calculate the new value of λ ...
... which is the expected result. While λ max changes with temperature, the relative shape of the spectrum of radiated intensities does not. Figure (1) is a general sketch of the blackbody radiation spectrum. To determine the blackbody spectrum for another temperature, first calculate the new value of λ ...
Option D – Astrophysics
... and helium) and dust. Some of the matter may be ionized. A nebula forms over a very long time because of the gravitational attraction between the masses involved. (‘Interstellar’ means between the stars.) There are several kinds of nebulae, with different origins and different sizes. Large nebulae a ...
... and helium) and dust. Some of the matter may be ionized. A nebula forms over a very long time because of the gravitational attraction between the masses involved. (‘Interstellar’ means between the stars.) There are several kinds of nebulae, with different origins and different sizes. Large nebulae a ...
Gravity, entropy, and cosmology: in search of clarity - Philsci
... of statistical is likewise nonsense. For this reason, he argues that sensible discussions of the Second Law cannot be held except in regions whose size is small enough that gravity may be neglected. But as we have just seen, there is more to the significance of gravity in statistical mechanics than ...
... of statistical is likewise nonsense. For this reason, he argues that sensible discussions of the Second Law cannot be held except in regions whose size is small enough that gravity may be neglected. But as we have just seen, there is more to the significance of gravity in statistical mechanics than ...
Gravity, Entropy, and Cosmology: In Search of Clarity
... of statistical is likewise nonsense. For this reason, he argues that sensible discussions of the Second Law cannot be held except in regions whose size is small enough that gravity may be neglected. But as we have just seen, there is more to the significance of gravity in statistical mechanics than ...
... of statistical is likewise nonsense. For this reason, he argues that sensible discussions of the Second Law cannot be held except in regions whose size is small enough that gravity may be neglected. But as we have just seen, there is more to the significance of gravity in statistical mechanics than ...
Harmonic functions, Green`s functions, potentials
... In words: the value of a harmonic function at a point equals its average value on any sphere centered at that point. As a consequence, the strong maximum principle holds for harmonic functions in all dimensions. Remark: Note that the same argument shows that if ∆u ≤ 0, the average value of u over th ...
... In words: the value of a harmonic function at a point equals its average value on any sphere centered at that point. As a consequence, the strong maximum principle holds for harmonic functions in all dimensions. Remark: Note that the same argument shows that if ∆u ≤ 0, the average value of u over th ...
Exam 1 problems
... conductors. The inner conductor has an outside radius a; this is surrounded by a dielectric sheath of permittivity 1 and of outer radius b. Next comes another dielectric sheath of permittivity 2 and outer radius c. The inner conductor is held at potential 0. The outer conductor is grounded. Calcu ...
... conductors. The inner conductor has an outside radius a; this is surrounded by a dielectric sheath of permittivity 1 and of outer radius b. Next comes another dielectric sheath of permittivity 2 and outer radius c. The inner conductor is held at potential 0. The outer conductor is grounded. Calcu ...
790121《Taking Back Astronomy》(Jason Lisle)
... 2,000 galaxies. Clusters of galaxies are organized into even larger superclusters—clusters of clusters. Superclusters show organization on the largest scales we can currently observe; they form an intricate web of strings and voids throughout the visible universe. Just think about the quantity of e ...
... 2,000 galaxies. Clusters of galaxies are organized into even larger superclusters—clusters of clusters. Superclusters show organization on the largest scales we can currently observe; they form an intricate web of strings and voids throughout the visible universe. Just think about the quantity of e ...
observational evidence for dark matter
... rotational motion of stars within the disc allows us to weigh a galaxy. In the same way that the speed of the Earth in its orbit around the Sun is dictated by both the mass it is in orbit around, and how far away it is from that mass, the orbital speed of a star revolving around the centre of a spir ...
... rotational motion of stars within the disc allows us to weigh a galaxy. In the same way that the speed of the Earth in its orbit around the Sun is dictated by both the mass it is in orbit around, and how far away it is from that mass, the orbital speed of a star revolving around the centre of a spir ...
Document
... Conclusions • The fundamental symmetries of the Standard Model provide a successful basis for explaining the microphysics of the present universe, but additional symmetries are needed to address important questions about earlier times unification, size of the Fermi Origin of matter, constant, neutr ...
... Conclusions • The fundamental symmetries of the Standard Model provide a successful basis for explaining the microphysics of the present universe, but additional symmetries are needed to address important questions about earlier times unification, size of the Fermi Origin of matter, constant, neutr ...
Relativistic Thermodynamics, a Lagrangian Field Theory for general
... involved. It implies a structure of the energy momentum tensor that is very different from that postulated by Tolman. But the proposed change in outlook goes even deeper; it is a profound change in the structure of ‘velocity space’. We are reminded that the first step in the formulation of a Lagrang ...
... involved. It implies a structure of the energy momentum tensor that is very different from that postulated by Tolman. But the proposed change in outlook goes even deeper; it is a profound change in the structure of ‘velocity space’. We are reminded that the first step in the formulation of a Lagrang ...
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
... Calculate the total electric flux through the paraboloidal surface due to a constant electric field of magnitude E0 in the direction shown in Figure P24.14. Solution: 1. Since there is no charge inside the closed surface, so the net flux going through the surface is zero. 2. Thus, flux going inside ...
... Calculate the total electric flux through the paraboloidal surface due to a constant electric field of magnitude E0 in the direction shown in Figure P24.14. Solution: 1. Since there is no charge inside the closed surface, so the net flux going through the surface is zero. 2. Thus, flux going inside ...
Chapter 1: Our Place in the Universe
... A. Because no galaxies exist at such a great distance. B. Galaxies may exist at that distance, but their light would be too faint for our telescopes to see. C. Because looking 15 billion light-years away means looking to a time before the universe existed. © 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing a ...
... A. Because no galaxies exist at such a great distance. B. Galaxies may exist at that distance, but their light would be too faint for our telescopes to see. C. Because looking 15 billion light-years away means looking to a time before the universe existed. © 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing a ...
Galaxy Formation
... • galaxies are receding from us with speed proportional to their distance • expansion is the same for all observers 2. The microwave background radiation ...
... • galaxies are receding from us with speed proportional to their distance • expansion is the same for all observers 2. The microwave background radiation ...
MOND
... the Universe - is without a doubt the dominant field of astrophysics today. And in the last few years theoretical and observational studies have begun to converge as we have entered the era of ”Precision Cosmology”. A picture has emerged in which contemporary structures have evolved by gravitational ...
... the Universe - is without a doubt the dominant field of astrophysics today. And in the last few years theoretical and observational studies have begun to converge as we have entered the era of ”Precision Cosmology”. A picture has emerged in which contemporary structures have evolved by gravitational ...
Flatness problem
The flatness problem (also known as the oldness problem) is a cosmological fine-tuning problem within the Big Bang model of the universe. Such problems arise from the observation that some of the initial conditions of the universe appear to be fine-tuned to very 'special' values, and that a small deviation from these values would have had massive effects on the nature of the universe at the current time.In the case of the flatness problem, the parameter which appears fine-tuned is the density of matter and energy in the universe. This value affects the curvature of space-time, with a very specific critical value being required for a flat universe. The current density of the universe is observed to be very close to this critical value. Since the total density departs rapidly from the critical value over cosmic time, the early universe must have had a density even closer to the critical density, departing from it by one part in 1062 or less. This leads cosmologists to question how the initial density came to be so closely fine-tuned to this 'special' value.The problem was first mentioned by Robert Dicke in 1969. The most commonly accepted solution among cosmologists is cosmic inflation, the idea that the universe went through a brief period of extremely rapid expansion in the first fraction of a second after the Big Bang; along with the monopole problem and the horizon problem, the flatness problem is one of the three primary motivations for inflationary theory.