Phenotypic plasticity and experimental evolution
... difference in population mean phenotype between generations one (G1) and two (G2) indicates that evolution has occurred (assuming that the environment in which the organisms are living has not changed in a way that causes the altered phenotypes via direct environmental effects). This process continu ...
... difference in population mean phenotype between generations one (G1) and two (G2) indicates that evolution has occurred (assuming that the environment in which the organisms are living has not changed in a way that causes the altered phenotypes via direct environmental effects). This process continu ...
PDF file - Department of Biology
... difference in population mean phenotype between generations one (G1) and two (G2) indicates that evolution has occurred (assuming that the environment in which the organisms are living has not changed in a way that causes the altered phenotypes via direct environmental effects). This process continu ...
... difference in population mean phenotype between generations one (G1) and two (G2) indicates that evolution has occurred (assuming that the environment in which the organisms are living has not changed in a way that causes the altered phenotypes via direct environmental effects). This process continu ...
Dynamics of Adaptive Introgression from Archaic to Modern Humans
... replaces, and some of the intermediate steps may not have been adaptive by themselves in the host species. In effect, introgression may allow species to cross an adaptive valley without the fitness cost of intermediate alleles. In this way, introgression can permit adaptations that might never occur ...
... replaces, and some of the intermediate steps may not have been adaptive by themselves in the host species. In effect, introgression may allow species to cross an adaptive valley without the fitness cost of intermediate alleles. In this way, introgression can permit adaptations that might never occur ...
Learning and Conditioning Tutorials
... with its environment.'' As such, learning is an important form of personal adaptation. Let's consider each critical element in this definition. Behavioral change occurs in all animals, both human and non-human, and is a process of personal, or ontogenic, adaptation that occurs within the lifespan of ...
... with its environment.'' As such, learning is an important form of personal adaptation. Let's consider each critical element in this definition. Behavioral change occurs in all animals, both human and non-human, and is a process of personal, or ontogenic, adaptation that occurs within the lifespan of ...
A mutualistic approach to morality: The evolution of fairness by
... models were of the first type, drawing on the notion of reciprocity as defined in game theory (Luce & Raiffa 1957; for a review, see Aumann 1981) and as introduced into evolutionary biology by Trivers (1971).4 These early models used as their paradigm case iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma games (Axelrod 19 ...
... models were of the first type, drawing on the notion of reciprocity as defined in game theory (Luce & Raiffa 1957; for a review, see Aumann 1981) and as introduced into evolutionary biology by Trivers (1971).4 These early models used as their paradigm case iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma games (Axelrod 19 ...
Review Phenotypic plasticity and experimental evolution
... difference in population mean phenotype between generations one (G1) and two (G2) indicates that evolution has occurred (assuming that the environment in which the organisms are living has not changed in a way that causes the altered phenotypes via direct environmental effects). This process continu ...
... difference in population mean phenotype between generations one (G1) and two (G2) indicates that evolution has occurred (assuming that the environment in which the organisms are living has not changed in a way that causes the altered phenotypes via direct environmental effects). This process continu ...
Can We Understand Evolution Without Symbiogenesis?
... symbiose (Rethinking the living from within the notion of symbiosis)” (Sciama 2013). Despite these open-minded ideas related to a more co-operative and synergistic approach to the evolutive process, symbiosis and symbiogenesis have been considered by the majority of the scientific community as “step ...
... symbiose (Rethinking the living from within the notion of symbiosis)” (Sciama 2013). Despite these open-minded ideas related to a more co-operative and synergistic approach to the evolutive process, symbiosis and symbiogenesis have been considered by the majority of the scientific community as “step ...
Can We Understand Evolution Without Symbiogenesis?
... symbiose (Rethinking the living from within the notion of symbiosis)” (Sciama 2013). Despite these open-minded ideas related to a more co-operative and synergistic approach to the evolutive process, symbiosis and symbiogenesis have been considered by the majority of the scientific community as “step ...
... symbiose (Rethinking the living from within the notion of symbiosis)” (Sciama 2013). Despite these open-minded ideas related to a more co-operative and synergistic approach to the evolutive process, symbiosis and symbiogenesis have been considered by the majority of the scientific community as “step ...
Cultural selection
... Lamarck and Darwin The idea of cultural selection first arose in victorian England - a culture that had more success in the process of cultural selection than any other society. But before we talk about this theory we must take a look at the theory of biological evolution, founded by Lamarck and Dar ...
... Lamarck and Darwin The idea of cultural selection first arose in victorian England - a culture that had more success in the process of cultural selection than any other society. But before we talk about this theory we must take a look at the theory of biological evolution, founded by Lamarck and Dar ...
Parameter Control in Evolutionary Algorithms:Trends and Challenges
... design phase to tailor the overall system to a specific problem (class). This view also brings forth another point: a controller does have parameters of its own (though these are frequently hidden behind design decisions). Therefore, the controller can be tuned as part of the integrated search algor ...
... design phase to tailor the overall system to a specific problem (class). This view also brings forth another point: a controller does have parameters of its own (though these are frequently hidden behind design decisions). Therefore, the controller can be tuned as part of the integrated search algor ...
Preview Chapter 5 - Macmillan Learning
... are even born—prior to birth, a baby has already begun to single out the sound of his mother’s voice (Kisilevsky et al., 2008). And learning may continue until our dying day. But even though learning leads to changes in the brain, including alterations to individual neurons as well as their networks ...
... are even born—prior to birth, a baby has already begun to single out the sound of his mother’s voice (Kisilevsky et al., 2008). And learning may continue until our dying day. But even though learning leads to changes in the brain, including alterations to individual neurons as well as their networks ...
A phenotype-genotype model of a population and observation of the
... influences the morphological one and the rates of both evolutions can be compared (Bradshaw & Holzapfel 2001, Carrol 2008, Seligmann 2010). Morphological and molecular evolutions are modelled separately according to the idea that each numerical variable needs to have its own model. But for models of ...
... influences the morphological one and the rates of both evolutions can be compared (Bradshaw & Holzapfel 2001, Carrol 2008, Seligmann 2010). Morphological and molecular evolutions are modelled separately according to the idea that each numerical variable needs to have its own model. But for models of ...
Verplanck
... reinforcement schedule, m which they were told "Wrong" followmg each incorrect response, and followmg four out of each successive ten correct responses (placements for P and PH, rule statements for PH). On the remammg 60 per cent of correct responses, they were told "Right." These positive remforcem ...
... reinforcement schedule, m which they were told "Wrong" followmg each incorrect response, and followmg four out of each successive ten correct responses (placements for P and PH, rule statements for PH). On the remammg 60 per cent of correct responses, they were told "Right." These positive remforcem ...
The Social Contract
... "What did I do?" His refuge may lie in social paranoia such as that so favored by the young. It is somebody else's fault. But the mature must inquire more deeply. What did we do that was wrong? And there is coming about in our time a generation of scientists who, granted the courage, have the power ...
... "What did I do?" His refuge may lie in social paranoia such as that so favored by the young. It is somebody else's fault. But the mature must inquire more deeply. What did we do that was wrong? And there is coming about in our time a generation of scientists who, granted the courage, have the power ...
Name Period - TJ
... Suppose that Tyrone had genes that he passed on to his cubs that helped his cubs to resist infections, so they were more likely to survive to adulthood. These genes would be more common in the next generation, since more of the cubs with these genes would survive to reproduce. A characteristic which ...
... Suppose that Tyrone had genes that he passed on to his cubs that helped his cubs to resist infections, so they were more likely to survive to adulthood. These genes would be more common in the next generation, since more of the cubs with these genes would survive to reproduce. A characteristic which ...
Social semantics: how useful has group selection been?
... selection is the effect of population viscosity (limited dispersal) on the evolution of cooperation or altruism (Wilson et al., 1992). This problem of population viscosity and cooperation was considered by Hamilton from an inclusive fitness perspective. Hamilton (1964, 1972) suggested that populatio ...
... selection is the effect of population viscosity (limited dispersal) on the evolution of cooperation or altruism (Wilson et al., 1992). This problem of population viscosity and cooperation was considered by Hamilton from an inclusive fitness perspective. Hamilton (1964, 1972) suggested that populatio ...
Vocab Flashcards
... least two groups of subjects. z And the data are usually presented in terms of the mean (average) z of the performance of all subjects z combined for each group. ...
... least two groups of subjects. z And the data are usually presented in terms of the mean (average) z of the performance of all subjects z combined for each group. ...
Vocab Flashcards
... least two groups of subjects. z And the data are usually presented in terms of the mean (average) z of the performance of all subjects z combined for each group. ...
... least two groups of subjects. z And the data are usually presented in terms of the mean (average) z of the performance of all subjects z combined for each group. ...
AP & Regents Biology
... Description dialysis tubing filled with starchglucose solution in beaker filled with ...
... Description dialysis tubing filled with starchglucose solution in beaker filled with ...
Neutral and adaptive explanations for an association
... 2010). But it is also possible that different forms of selection create particular signatures in terms of sequence evolution, for example their tendency to maintain nucleotide polymorphism within populations (Nielsen, 2005). The outcome of these processes will also be affected by the age of polymorp ...
... 2010). But it is also possible that different forms of selection create particular signatures in terms of sequence evolution, for example their tendency to maintain nucleotide polymorphism within populations (Nielsen, 2005). The outcome of these processes will also be affected by the age of polymorp ...
Between Zeus and the Salmon
... I do not want to overstate the relevance of biology to demography. Biology will not settle demographic questions directly. Finding the causes behind the leveling out of fruit-fly hazard functions after 100 days will not disclose the causes behind any leveling out of human hazard functions after 100 ...
... I do not want to overstate the relevance of biology to demography. Biology will not settle demographic questions directly. Finding the causes behind the leveling out of fruit-fly hazard functions after 100 days will not disclose the causes behind any leveling out of human hazard functions after 100 ...
Traits and ecosystem services
... understanding and projection of ecosystem functions determined by multiple trophic levels using functional traits (the next Holy Grail) • Framework applications and challenges ...
... understanding and projection of ecosystem functions determined by multiple trophic levels using functional traits (the next Holy Grail) • Framework applications and challenges ...
Niche construction in evolutionary theory: the construction
... similarity) mediates the greater representation of ecologically successful variants in subsequent ...
... similarity) mediates the greater representation of ecologically successful variants in subsequent ...
Journal of Organizational Behavior J. Organiz. Behav. 32, 499–519 (2011)
... whether various mistreatment measures in fact tap a common construct. Nevertheless, the development of multiple constructs, with champions behind each of those constructs, makes a critical assessment of the necessity and value-added of each existing and new construct difficult. This paper aims to op ...
... whether various mistreatment measures in fact tap a common construct. Nevertheless, the development of multiple constructs, with champions behind each of those constructs, makes a critical assessment of the necessity and value-added of each existing and new construct difficult. This paper aims to op ...
Moral Development - Texas Collaborative
... According to personal (social) goal theory, moral (or prosocial) behavior is motivated by the desire to satisfy a variety of personal and social goals, some of which are self-oriented (selfish), and some of which are other-oriented (altruistic). The four major internal motivations for moral behavio ...
... According to personal (social) goal theory, moral (or prosocial) behavior is motivated by the desire to satisfy a variety of personal and social goals, some of which are self-oriented (selfish), and some of which are other-oriented (altruistic). The four major internal motivations for moral behavio ...