the peirce-baldwin effect and its contemporary significance
... The Baldwin Effect has recently re-emerged as a serious theoretical context within which the relevance of learning and phenotypic plasticity not only to congenital instincts but also to germinal and genetic adaptive factors has returned to the scene of socio-cultural vis-à-vis biological evolution ( ...
... The Baldwin Effect has recently re-emerged as a serious theoretical context within which the relevance of learning and phenotypic plasticity not only to congenital instincts but also to germinal and genetic adaptive factors has returned to the scene of socio-cultural vis-à-vis biological evolution ( ...
PSYCHOLOGY Unit 3: Learning“Operant Conditioning”
... time intervals. Reinforcing someone after a variable amount of time is the final schedule. If you have a boss who checks your work periodically, you understand the power of this schedule. Because you don’t know when the next ‘check-up’ might come, you have to be working hard at all times in order to ...
... time intervals. Reinforcing someone after a variable amount of time is the final schedule. If you have a boss who checks your work periodically, you understand the power of this schedule. Because you don’t know when the next ‘check-up’ might come, you have to be working hard at all times in order to ...
A review of The Structure of Evolutionary Theory
... warned her that “nothing [i.e., no inheritance] will come from nothing.” Gould’s point is that much research has been stymied by fear that a finding of “no evolutionary change” (that is, stasis) would be construed as “nothing,” and thus, unworthy of being reported, or of scholarly reward. He also su ...
... warned her that “nothing [i.e., no inheritance] will come from nothing.” Gould’s point is that much research has been stymied by fear that a finding of “no evolutionary change” (that is, stasis) would be construed as “nothing,” and thus, unworthy of being reported, or of scholarly reward. He also su ...
The Legal Implications of Behavior Genetics Research
... definite answers, unlike psychology, for instance.16 It is all too easy to imagine jurors being bamboozled by findings that they can barely understand, let alone critically examine. Judges – who are often not scientifically trained – may also have these weaknesses, and the job ultimately falls back ...
... definite answers, unlike psychology, for instance.16 It is all too easy to imagine jurors being bamboozled by findings that they can barely understand, let alone critically examine. Judges – who are often not scientifically trained – may also have these weaknesses, and the job ultimately falls back ...
Sex differences in spatial abilities
... acknowledging that at least some aspects of human behaviour and cognition are likely due not primarily to socialisation processes, ill-defined as these are, but due instead to a result of the phylogenetic and evolutionary history of Homo sapiens. Tooby and Cosmides (1992) have labelled the approach ...
... acknowledging that at least some aspects of human behaviour and cognition are likely due not primarily to socialisation processes, ill-defined as these are, but due instead to a result of the phylogenetic and evolutionary history of Homo sapiens. Tooby and Cosmides (1992) have labelled the approach ...
Doing Without Representations Which Specify What To Do
... If this approach can be made to work, it will offer a theoretical basis for understanding anticipatory behavior without representational specifications instructing the motor apparatus what to do. It will remain a point of discussion whether this does away with the need to talk about representation a ...
... If this approach can be made to work, it will offer a theoretical basis for understanding anticipatory behavior without representational specifications instructing the motor apparatus what to do. It will remain a point of discussion whether this does away with the need to talk about representation a ...
Cultural evolution and archaeology : Historical and cultural trends
... The social and political consequences of early cultural evolutionary thinking, such as eugenics and other atrocities, understandably promoted a reaction, and the social sciences turned towards a thoroughly anti-biological stance: the Standard Social Science Model (Barkow et al. 1992). According to t ...
... The social and political consequences of early cultural evolutionary thinking, such as eugenics and other atrocities, understandably promoted a reaction, and the social sciences turned towards a thoroughly anti-biological stance: the Standard Social Science Model (Barkow et al. 1992). According to t ...
File
... • Mirror Neurons: frontal lobe neurons which fire when performing certain actions or when observing someone else do so ...
... • Mirror Neurons: frontal lobe neurons which fire when performing certain actions or when observing someone else do so ...
Psych B – Module 16
... – For Example the reinforcement could be chocolate but that is a punishment if you are allergic to it! ...
... – For Example the reinforcement could be chocolate but that is a punishment if you are allergic to it! ...
Biology B Midterm I Review Name: Period: ____ Standard 1
... tall. It is a grass that is grazed on by large herbivores; therefore the tallest grasses are grazed on more often. If they are grazed on too much they will suffer and die. However, because it doesn’t rain that much in Eastern Wyoming— plants need to compete for water. The taller the plant the more e ...
... tall. It is a grass that is grazed on by large herbivores; therefore the tallest grasses are grazed on more often. If they are grazed on too much they will suffer and die. However, because it doesn’t rain that much in Eastern Wyoming— plants need to compete for water. The taller the plant the more e ...
File - Coach Waters
... • A partial reinforcement schedule that rewards an unpredictable number of correct responses • This schedule is very resistant to extinction. • Sometimes called the “gambler’s schedule”; similar to a slot machine ...
... • A partial reinforcement schedule that rewards an unpredictable number of correct responses • This schedule is very resistant to extinction. • Sometimes called the “gambler’s schedule”; similar to a slot machine ...
Evolutionary computing
... • Occasionally some of the genetic material changes very slightly during this process (replication error) • This means that the child might have genetic material information not inherited from either parent ...
... • Occasionally some of the genetic material changes very slightly during this process (replication error) • This means that the child might have genetic material information not inherited from either parent ...
Psychology – Dr. Saman – Lecture 2
... a procedure where an aversive stimulus is removed from a subject contingent upon the subject’s emitting a desired behavior the reinforcing consequence is the removal or avoidance of an aversive stimulus Escape conditioning: the behavior is reinforced because it stops an aversive stimulus Avoidance c ...
... a procedure where an aversive stimulus is removed from a subject contingent upon the subject’s emitting a desired behavior the reinforcing consequence is the removal or avoidance of an aversive stimulus Escape conditioning: the behavior is reinforced because it stops an aversive stimulus Avoidance c ...
File
... • A partial reinforcement schedule that rewards an unpredictable number of correct responses • This schedule is very resistant to extinction. • Sometimes called the “gambler’s schedule”; similar to a slot machine ...
... • A partial reinforcement schedule that rewards an unpredictable number of correct responses • This schedule is very resistant to extinction. • Sometimes called the “gambler’s schedule”; similar to a slot machine ...
Deadly Ethics?: The Impact of Social Darwinism on - H-Net
... most famous and influential social Darwinist in Germany from the publication of Darwin’s The Origin of the Species (1859) until the early twentieth century. Haeckel–and many of the prominent scientists, physicians, psychiatrists, economists, geographers, anthropologists, and For intellectual histori ...
... most famous and influential social Darwinist in Germany from the publication of Darwin’s The Origin of the Species (1859) until the early twentieth century. Haeckel–and many of the prominent scientists, physicians, psychiatrists, economists, geographers, anthropologists, and For intellectual histori ...
Honors Biology - Octorara Area School District
... B. Compare the functions of the two types of endoplasmic reticulum. B. Name the two major components of the cytoskeleton and discuss their importance. C. Discuss the process of diffusion and ...
... B. Compare the functions of the two types of endoplasmic reticulum. B. Name the two major components of the cytoskeleton and discuss their importance. C. Discuss the process of diffusion and ...
Evolutionary Computing and the Potential for Urban Resilience
... This investigative praxis originates from the idea that architectural form and its ultimate material manifestation emerges from the meshwork assemblage of energy and matter, which can be simulated through the use of visual scripting language or components (Figure 2). The definition of machinic assem ...
... This investigative praxis originates from the idea that architectural form and its ultimate material manifestation emerges from the meshwork assemblage of energy and matter, which can be simulated through the use of visual scripting language or components (Figure 2). The definition of machinic assem ...
Genetic variance–covariance matrices: a critique of the evolutionary
... of morphological, life history, or behavioral characteristics, as well as all possible pairwise (genetic) covariances between said characteristics (Figure 1). The basic idea is that G describes the degree to which the ‘genetic architecture’ (i.e., how traits are genetically connected to each other) ...
... of morphological, life history, or behavioral characteristics, as well as all possible pairwise (genetic) covariances between said characteristics (Figure 1). The basic idea is that G describes the degree to which the ‘genetic architecture’ (i.e., how traits are genetically connected to each other) ...
Unit 5 - Psychological Disorders
... Elaboration Likelihood Model: Central/Peripheral Routes Foot-in-the-Door Door-in-the-Face Norms of Reciprocity ...
... Elaboration Likelihood Model: Central/Peripheral Routes Foot-in-the-Door Door-in-the-Face Norms of Reciprocity ...
Guided Notes – Learning – Operant Conditioning
... May cause the child to _______________________________________________________ instead of the behavior being punished _________________________________________________________________________________ Creates fear, anxiety, low self-esteem and emotional responses that do not promote learning ...
... May cause the child to _______________________________________________________ instead of the behavior being punished _________________________________________________________________________________ Creates fear, anxiety, low self-esteem and emotional responses that do not promote learning ...
Neo-Darwinists and Neo-Aristotelians: how to talk about natural
... underlie these strategic conceptions of the living world within a structure of explanation focused exclusively on the question of causation. Mayr divided the central questions of biology first into ‘‘How?’’ questions, which seek the physiological and eventually genetic mechanisms that underlie the v ...
... underlie these strategic conceptions of the living world within a structure of explanation focused exclusively on the question of causation. Mayr divided the central questions of biology first into ‘‘How?’’ questions, which seek the physiological and eventually genetic mechanisms that underlie the v ...
ARTICLE - University of Hertfordshire
... Gary Becker (1991, p. 307) proposed that: “Economic analysis is a powerful tool not only in understanding human behavior but also in understanding the behavior of other species.” Similarly, Gordon Tullock (1994) claimed that organisms – from bacteria to bears – can be treated as if they have the sam ...
... Gary Becker (1991, p. 307) proposed that: “Economic analysis is a powerful tool not only in understanding human behavior but also in understanding the behavior of other species.” Similarly, Gordon Tullock (1994) claimed that organisms – from bacteria to bears – can be treated as if they have the sam ...
Full text
... parameters we restricted ourselves to heritability estimates for animals in general, because there were too few genetic correlations to adequately analyze for patterns. Our study period finished in 1984, at which time we had 14 studies: by 1996 the number had risen to 68 and an analysis was feasible ...
... parameters we restricted ourselves to heritability estimates for animals in general, because there were too few genetic correlations to adequately analyze for patterns. Our study period finished in 1984, at which time we had 14 studies: by 1996 the number had risen to 68 and an analysis was feasible ...
Non-Human Primates and Communication
... There is a clear need for experimental work on great ape vocal communication, given their importance as living links to human evolution. Meaningful progress on primate communication and cognition will largely depend on whether questions can be addressed in an ecologically and socially relevant conte ...
... There is a clear need for experimental work on great ape vocal communication, given their importance as living links to human evolution. Meaningful progress on primate communication and cognition will largely depend on whether questions can be addressed in an ecologically and socially relevant conte ...
18 The Evolution of Phenotypes
... islands have a number of advantages that helped the Grants’ in their study of evolution. The islands are small and the diversity of species on each island is low, making it a fairly simple system to understand. There are only a few suitable seed types on each island. The habitat is open so it is rel ...
... islands have a number of advantages that helped the Grants’ in their study of evolution. The islands are small and the diversity of species on each island is low, making it a fairly simple system to understand. There are only a few suitable seed types on each island. The habitat is open so it is rel ...