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Course Description: This is an introductory course in Descriptive
Course Description: This is an introductory course in Descriptive

... e) Relating the position of Polaris and the Southern Cross to an observer’s latitude on Earth. f) Estimating angular distances between celestial objects. g) Relating the parallax of an object to its distance. Competency 3: The student will demonstrate knowledge and comprehension of celestial motion ...
1-4 The Moon`s Phases 1. The rotation and
1-4 The Moon`s Phases 1. The rotation and

... 5. A lunar eclipse does not occur at each full Moon because the Moon’s plane of revolution is tilted 5° compared to the Earth’s plane of revolution around the Sun. Only during the two eclipse seasons that occur each year are the Earth and Moon positioned so that the Moon will enter the Earth’s shado ...
Declination
Declination

... The sign is customarily included even if it is positive. Any unit of angle can be used for declination, but it is often expressed in degrees, minutes, and seconds of arc. A celestial object that passes over zenith has a declination equal to the observer's latitude. A pole star therefore has the decl ...
J: Chapter 3: The Solar System
J: Chapter 3: The Solar System

... are not circular. They are oval shaped, or elliptical. His calculations further showed that the Sun is not at the center of the orbits but is slightly offset. Kepler also discovered that the planets travel at different speeds in their orbits around the Sun, as shown in Table 1. By studying these spe ...
slides - Department of Physics and Astronomy
slides - Department of Physics and Astronomy

... Simplest way to give the location of a celestial object in the sky is to give its apparent position in the sky – Altitude: vertical angular elevation above the horizon – Azimuth: direction from North to the object: angle measured along the horizon towards the east along the horizon. ...
Extrasolar Planets - University of Maryland Astronomy
Extrasolar Planets - University of Maryland Astronomy

... anonymous star 51 Pegasi had a planet half the mass of Jupiter. . . and had an orbital period of four days!!! Mercury, the closest planet to our Sun, has an orbital period of 88 days, so the 51 Peg planet is ridiculously close. There was some skepticism initially, because models of planetary format ...
1 Marsbugs: The Electronic Astrobiology Newsletter, Volume 12
1 Marsbugs: The Electronic Astrobiology Newsletter, Volume 12

... Since the discovery in 1995 of the first planet orbiting a normal star other than the Sun, there are now more than 150 candidates of these so-called exoplanets known. Most of them are detected by indirect methods, based either on variations of the radial velocity or the dimming of the star as the pl ...
Test framework
Test framework

... The New York State earth science educator has the knowledge and skills necessary to teach effectively in New York State public schools. The earth science teacher is a skilled problem solver who understands the historical development of ideas in science and the connections among science, mathematics, ...
Venus and Maya - Academic Program Pages at Evergreen
Venus and Maya - Academic Program Pages at Evergreen

... Mayan Venus Cosmology Ancient Mayans worshipped and tracked Venus’s movements for hundreds of years. ...
Uranus - Rackspace
Uranus - Rackspace

... • The planet's most extraordinary feature is the tilt of its rotational axis, which is almost perpendicular to the plane of the eclipitc, which means that it alternately has its north pole and its south pole turned towards the sun. ...
Document
Document

... b. Explain how the impact of human activities on the can be understood through the analysis of interactions between the four Earth systems. c. Explain ozone depletion in the stratosphere and methods to slow human activities to reduce ozone depletion d. Explain the life cycle of a product from produc ...
Chapter 17 - Department Of Computer Science
Chapter 17 - Department Of Computer Science

... Earth in an elliptical orbit  There are two different months – The period of the Moon with respect to the Sun is a little over 29.5 days – synodic month, or the month of the phases – The period of the Moon with respect to a star other than the Sun is approximately 27.33 days – sidereal month, the a ...
Seeing Earth`s Orbit in the Stars: Parallax and Aberration
Seeing Earth`s Orbit in the Stars: Parallax and Aberration

... was  well  aware  of  parallax.    In  fact,  parallax  effects  explain  the  motion  of  the  Sun   and  certain  aspects  of  planetary  motions  in  the  Copernican  system.    But  if  Earth  has   a  yearly  orbit  around  t ...
04 Solar System
04 Solar System

... Most also spin in that direction, and most also have large moons that orbit in that direction. ...
Galaxies, stars and planets
Galaxies, stars and planets

... http://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/science/physics-andastronomy/galaxies-stars-and-planets/content-section-0. There you'll also be able to track your progress via your activity record, which you can use to demonstrate your learning. Copyright © 2016 The Open University ...
INDIRECT METHODS FOR MEASUREMENT OF DISTANCE
INDIRECT METHODS FOR MEASUREMENT OF DISTANCE

... Calipers, microscope etc. But some indirect methods are also there. For example, to estimate the size of molecule take 1 c.c. of oleic acid and dissolve it in 20 c.c. of alcohol and more alcohol is added to increase the volume to 30 c.c. The final solution is 1/30 c.c. of oleic acid in 30 c.c. solut ...
Meet the Planets - Arbordale Publishing
Meet the Planets - Arbordale Publishing

... Young children are naturally inquisitive and are sponges for information. The whole purpose of this activity is to help children verify the information they know (or think they know) and to get them thinking “beyond the box” about a particular subject. Before reading the book, ask the children what ...
Lab #1 - Lat & Long
Lab #1 - Lat & Long

... Run North to South; they measure a distance east or west of the Prime Meridian. Where to put the prime meridian? Greenwich, England here because at the time England was the head of the scientific community. Before there were many meridians that longitude was based off of. The Prime Meridian was used ...
Earth Science Teaching Curriculum
Earth Science Teaching Curriculum

... of a bleak, cratered surface. Mars seemed to be a dead planet. Later missions, however, have shown that Mars is a complex member of the solar system and holds many mysteries yet to be solved. Mars is a rocky body about half the size of Earth. As with the other terrestrial planets - Mercury, Venus, ...
5-E Galaxy T - McDonald Observatory
5-E Galaxy T - McDonald Observatory

... Galaxies, compared to their size, are closer together than stars. They are also much more massive, having the combined mass of billions of stars. So, even over a large distance the force of gravity between galaxies can accelerate them toward each other. Think of bowling balls (galaxies) on a trampol ...
Solar System Astronomy Notes
Solar System Astronomy Notes

... – The RA and Dec of all celestial objects will constantly be changing due to precession, because these coordinates are based on the projection of the earth’s equator on the sky. – The seasons during which particular constellations are visible in the nighttime sky will also change due to precession. ...
Designing Curriculum and Instruction in Elementary School
Designing Curriculum and Instruction in Elementary School

... witness it. Our own evolution is tied closely to the evolution of the Solar System. Thus, without understanding from where the Solar System came from, it is difficult to comprehend how mankind came to be. Scientists believe that the Solar System evolved from a giant cloud of dust and gas. They belie ...
New Indivisible Planetary Science Paradigm J. Marvin Herndon
New Indivisible Planetary Science Paradigm J. Marvin Herndon

... The inner planets all have massive cores, as known from their high relative densities. I was able to show by thermodynamic calculations that the condensate of primordial matter at those very low pressures would be oxidized, like the Orgueil C1/CI meteorite wherein virtually all elements are combined ...
we can bee the change we wish to bee
we can bee the change we wish to bee

... The purpose of this prayer is to assist us in remembering; We are One with All that Is! 2011 is the year that propels the Shift of the Ages. This will happen on July 1, 2011 at 7:53 am GMT at the South Pole when a NEW Solar Eclipse is born. This is a rare occurrence; the last time a solar eclipse wa ...
Habitability: Good, Bad and the Ugly
Habitability: Good, Bad and the Ugly

... – Several stars in our galaxy with planets the size of Jupiter within terrestrial zone from their sun – Mass of star • Larger mass, greater luminosity, shorter life • Most abundant stars in galaxy are least luminous and longest-lived (M-dwarfs) ...
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Geocentric model



In astronomy, the geocentric model (also known as geocentrism, or the Ptolemaic system) is a description of the cosmos where Earth is at the orbital center of all celestial bodies. This model served as the predominant cosmological system in many ancient civilizations such as ancient Greece including the noteworthy systems of Aristotle (see Aristotelian physics) and Ptolemy. As such, they believed that the Sun, Moon, stars, and naked eye planets circled Earth.Two commonly made observations supported the idea that Earth was the center of the Universe. The stars, the sun, and planets appear to revolve around Earth each day, making Earth the center of that system. The stars were thought to be on a celestial sphere, with the earth at its center, that rotated each day, using a line through the north and south pole as an axis. The stars closest to the equator appeared to rise and fall the greatest distance, but each star circled back to its rising point each day. The second observation supporting the geocentric model was that the Earth does not seem to move from the perspective of an Earth-bound observer, and that it is solid, stable, and unmoving.Ancient Roman and medieval philosophers usually combined the geocentric model with a spherical Earth. It is not the same as the older flat Earth model implied in some mythology, as was the case with the biblical and postbiblical Latin cosmology. The ancient Jewish Babylonian uranography pictured a flat Earth with a dome-shaped rigid canopy named firmament placed over it. (רקיע- rāqîa').However, the ancient Greeks believed that the motions of the planets were circular and not elliptical, a view that was not challenged in Western culture until the 17th century through the synthesis of theories by Copernicus and Kepler.The astronomical predictions of Ptolemy's geocentric model were used to prepare astrological and astronomical charts for over 1500 years. The geocentric model held sway into the early modern age, but from the late 16th century onward was gradually superseded by the heliocentric model of Copernicus, Galileo and Kepler. There was much resistance to the transition between these two theories. Christian theologians were reluctant to reject a theory that agreed with Bible passages (e.g. ""Sun, stand you still upon Gibeon"", Joshua 10:12 – King James 2000 Bible). Others felt a new, unknown theory could not subvert an accepted consensus for geocentrism.
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