Bicuspid Aortic Valve - Children`s Heart Clinic
... A bicuspid aortic valve is form of congenital heart disease where the aortic valve only has two leaflets, instead of three. This typically results from fusion (joining) of two cusps of the valve along their coaptation point. A bicuspid aortic valve occurs in 1-2% of the population. It can occur alon ...
... A bicuspid aortic valve is form of congenital heart disease where the aortic valve only has two leaflets, instead of three. This typically results from fusion (joining) of two cusps of the valve along their coaptation point. A bicuspid aortic valve occurs in 1-2% of the population. It can occur alon ...
New families of bioactive oxidized phospholipids generated by
... acutely in immune cells through the actions of phospholipases and other enzymes, for example, phospholipase A2 (PLA2), which hydrolyzes phospholipids at sn2, generating fatty acid substrates for oxidation by cyclooxygenases (COX) and lipoxygenases (LOX).7,8 Thus, acute activation of innate immune ce ...
... acutely in immune cells through the actions of phospholipases and other enzymes, for example, phospholipase A2 (PLA2), which hydrolyzes phospholipids at sn2, generating fatty acid substrates for oxidation by cyclooxygenases (COX) and lipoxygenases (LOX).7,8 Thus, acute activation of innate immune ce ...
Lupus and the Lung
... frequently without symptoms and is rarely severe. It is due to inflammation of the lung tissue and its primary symptom is shortness of breath. Disease can be found on x-rays of the chest, or with specific lung function tests. Though it can progress to severe disease, symptoms are commonly mild or ab ...
... frequently without symptoms and is rarely severe. It is due to inflammation of the lung tissue and its primary symptom is shortness of breath. Disease can be found on x-rays of the chest, or with specific lung function tests. Though it can progress to severe disease, symptoms are commonly mild or ab ...
Blood Transfusion ok320 KB
... • Fever-chills, increased pulse rate during or after transfusion • Antipyretics/antihistamines • Stop transfusion if there is doupt about hemolysis • Prophylaxis: White cell reduction ...
... • Fever-chills, increased pulse rate during or after transfusion • Antipyretics/antihistamines • Stop transfusion if there is doupt about hemolysis • Prophylaxis: White cell reduction ...
Lymphatic System - William M. Clark, M.D
... Aggregations of these nodes occur near the body surface in inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions of the body Two basic functions: Filtration – macrophages destroy microorganisms and debris Immune system activation – monitor for antigens and mount an attack against them ...
... Aggregations of these nodes occur near the body surface in inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions of the body Two basic functions: Filtration – macrophages destroy microorganisms and debris Immune system activation – monitor for antigens and mount an attack against them ...
Skills Lab MS II
... oxygen supply Perform a cardiac output measurement Assess a hemoglobin value Assess if patient movement, or nursing action may have decreased the patient’s venous oxygenation ...
... oxygen supply Perform a cardiac output measurement Assess a hemoglobin value Assess if patient movement, or nursing action may have decreased the patient’s venous oxygenation ...
The Lymphatic System
... • Lymph exits through efferent lymphatic vessels • Fewer efferent than afferent vessels causes flow to be slowed ...
... • Lymph exits through efferent lymphatic vessels • Fewer efferent than afferent vessels causes flow to be slowed ...
Blood Cells
... • Triggered by cellular damage and blood contact with foreign surfaces • A blood clot forms • This is a: • Hemostatic mechanism • Causes the formation of a blood clot via a series of reactions which activates the next in a cascade • Occurs extrinsically or intrinsically ...
... • Triggered by cellular damage and blood contact with foreign surfaces • A blood clot forms • This is a: • Hemostatic mechanism • Causes the formation of a blood clot via a series of reactions which activates the next in a cascade • Occurs extrinsically or intrinsically ...
blood powerpoint 2
... • Triggered by cellular damage and blood contact with foreign surfaces • A blood clot forms • This is a: • Hemostatic mechanism • Causes the formation of a blood clot via a series of reactions which activates the next in a cascade • Occurs extrinsically or intrinsically ...
... • Triggered by cellular damage and blood contact with foreign surfaces • A blood clot forms • This is a: • Hemostatic mechanism • Causes the formation of a blood clot via a series of reactions which activates the next in a cascade • Occurs extrinsically or intrinsically ...
How to determine what blood type a person is?
... – An inherited disorder where there is an absence of platelets or the platelets do not clot properly. Individuals affected with this disorder bleed continuously when injured. They require clotting factor and often blood transfusions when hit or cut. ...
... – An inherited disorder where there is an absence of platelets or the platelets do not clot properly. Individuals affected with this disorder bleed continuously when injured. They require clotting factor and often blood transfusions when hit or cut. ...
Blood Cell Production ~ Hematopoiesis
... Blood transformed from liquid to gel Prothrombin Activator formed in10-15 sec in Liver Prothrombin converted to Thrombin ~ enzyme Thrombin > Fibrinogen in plasma to form a Fibrin Mesh > Blood Clot Fibrin mesh traps RBC’s & seals vessel ----> Clot Blood and Clotting ~ Chapter 19 ~ 4/29/2017 ...
... Blood transformed from liquid to gel Prothrombin Activator formed in10-15 sec in Liver Prothrombin converted to Thrombin ~ enzyme Thrombin > Fibrinogen in plasma to form a Fibrin Mesh > Blood Clot Fibrin mesh traps RBC’s & seals vessel ----> Clot Blood and Clotting ~ Chapter 19 ~ 4/29/2017 ...
Autoimmune Diseases
... • No specific lab test confirms RA though alterations in the following may occur: – RBC’s decrease as disease progresses – Elevation of: •WBCs •ESR •ANA •CRP •Platelet count ...
... • No specific lab test confirms RA though alterations in the following may occur: – RBC’s decrease as disease progresses – Elevation of: •WBCs •ESR •ANA •CRP •Platelet count ...
Lymphoid neogenesis in vascular chronic inflammation - HAL
... as the cytokine interleukin-1β, while M2-polarized macrophages are rather reparative cells, promoting the synthesis of extracellular matrix components. In the context of advanced atheroma, plaque-infiltrated macrophages have an M1 pro-inflammatory profile (25, 26). Our data suggest that M1 inflammat ...
... as the cytokine interleukin-1β, while M2-polarized macrophages are rather reparative cells, promoting the synthesis of extracellular matrix components. In the context of advanced atheroma, plaque-infiltrated macrophages have an M1 pro-inflammatory profile (25, 26). Our data suggest that M1 inflammat ...
Lymphoid Organs
... Slide 49 (HU Box): Lymph Node, Human Slide 25: Lymph Gland, and Slide 26A (Several Versions): Lymph Node (Gland) Lymph nodes are small lymphoid organs that are connected in series by lymphatic vessels; their major role is to remove antigens from the lymph and initiate immune responses to them. The h ...
... Slide 49 (HU Box): Lymph Node, Human Slide 25: Lymph Gland, and Slide 26A (Several Versions): Lymph Node (Gland) Lymph nodes are small lymphoid organs that are connected in series by lymphatic vessels; their major role is to remove antigens from the lymph and initiate immune responses to them. The h ...
please click here.
... - Prof. Hossam Haick develops a quick, simple and accurate breath test for the early detection of stomach cancer – one of the most lethal forms of cancer – and for identifying people at risk for developing the disease. (04/15) - A study by Distinguished Prof. Aaron Ciechanover could hold a key to co ...
... - Prof. Hossam Haick develops a quick, simple and accurate breath test for the early detection of stomach cancer – one of the most lethal forms of cancer – and for identifying people at risk for developing the disease. (04/15) - A study by Distinguished Prof. Aaron Ciechanover could hold a key to co ...
Macrophages and Dendritic Cells
... the concept of the mononuclear phagocyte system—which asserts tissue macrophages develop exclusively from circulating bone marrow–derived monocytes—has prevailed for nearly a half century.3 However, recent studies using sophisticated fatemapping approaches have determined that some tissue macrophage ...
... the concept of the mononuclear phagocyte system—which asserts tissue macrophages develop exclusively from circulating bone marrow–derived monocytes—has prevailed for nearly a half century.3 However, recent studies using sophisticated fatemapping approaches have determined that some tissue macrophage ...
Figure 10.1 - Rowan University
... Over time, atherosclerosis narrows the coronary arteries, reducing the flow of oxygen-rich blood. This is called coronary heart disease (CHD). One of every five deaths in the United States is from CHD, the most common form of CVD. Often, a blood clot forms in the narrowed coronary artery, bloc ...
... Over time, atherosclerosis narrows the coronary arteries, reducing the flow of oxygen-rich blood. This is called coronary heart disease (CHD). One of every five deaths in the United States is from CHD, the most common form of CVD. Often, a blood clot forms in the narrowed coronary artery, bloc ...
Therapeutic Apheresis In the Treatment of Lyme Disease
... how much the patient has been exposed to and what their detoxification genetics are like. His angle has always been the toxins were a primary issue. When a patient has Lyme, biotoxins created by the infections easily overwhelm even normal detox pathways and there is no more room to deal with the alu ...
... how much the patient has been exposed to and what their detoxification genetics are like. His angle has always been the toxins were a primary issue. When a patient has Lyme, biotoxins created by the infections easily overwhelm even normal detox pathways and there is no more room to deal with the alu ...
Blood vessels: the endothelium
... One of the most important functions of the endothelial cells is to prevent diffusion of proteins from the blood into the surrounding tissue. In most of the circulatory system, endothelial cells form the only cellular layer that separates blood from the tissue. Blood is under hydrostatic pressure tha ...
... One of the most important functions of the endothelial cells is to prevent diffusion of proteins from the blood into the surrounding tissue. In most of the circulatory system, endothelial cells form the only cellular layer that separates blood from the tissue. Blood is under hydrostatic pressure tha ...
Olive Leaf Extract: Superfood for Immune Building!
... human breast and prostate cancer cells in the laboratory, However, a great deal of additional laboratory work will need to be performed to confirm these findings which would then need to be the subject of extensive clinical trials, principal researcher Dr Wesley Stevenson said. Dr Stevenson, manager ...
... human breast and prostate cancer cells in the laboratory, However, a great deal of additional laboratory work will need to be performed to confirm these findings which would then need to be the subject of extensive clinical trials, principal researcher Dr Wesley Stevenson said. Dr Stevenson, manager ...
Lymphatic System: Overview
... Site of fetal erythrocyte production (normally ceases after birth) Stores blood platelets ...
... Site of fetal erythrocyte production (normally ceases after birth) Stores blood platelets ...
epistaxis - UTMB.edu
... Anterior: younger, usually septal vs. anterior ethmoid, most common (>90%), typically less severe Posterior: older population, usually from ...
... Anterior: younger, usually septal vs. anterior ethmoid, most common (>90%), typically less severe Posterior: older population, usually from ...
Physiology of Blood I. Components, Characteristics, Functions of
... virus infected cells and tumor cells B lymphocytes - (bone) differentiate into different "plasma cells" which each produce antibodies against different antigens lymphocytes primarily in lymphoid tissues very large basophilic (purple) nucleus small lymphocytes in blood (5-8 microns) larger lymphocyte ...
... virus infected cells and tumor cells B lymphocytes - (bone) differentiate into different "plasma cells" which each produce antibodies against different antigens lymphocytes primarily in lymphoid tissues very large basophilic (purple) nucleus small lymphocytes in blood (5-8 microns) larger lymphocyte ...
Is it blood?
... 1. ABO blood groups—based on having A, B, both, or no antigens on red blood cells 2. Rh factor—may be present on red blood cells; ___________ if present and ____________ if not 3. Antigen—a substance that can stimulate the body to make antibodies. Certain antigens (proteins) found in the plasma of t ...
... 1. ABO blood groups—based on having A, B, both, or no antigens on red blood cells 2. Rh factor—may be present on red blood cells; ___________ if present and ____________ if not 3. Antigen—a substance that can stimulate the body to make antibodies. Certain antigens (proteins) found in the plasma of t ...
Epistaxis_slides
... Anterior: younger, usually septal vs. anterior ethmoid, most common (>90%), typically less severe Posterior: older population, usually from ...
... Anterior: younger, usually septal vs. anterior ethmoid, most common (>90%), typically less severe Posterior: older population, usually from ...
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis (also known as arteriosclerotic vascular disease or ASVD) is a specific form of arteriosclerosis in which an artery wall thickens as a result of invasion and accumulation of white blood cells (WBCs) (foam cell) and proliferation of intimal smooth muscle cell creating a fibrofatty plaque.The accumulation of the WBCs is termed ""fatty streaks"" early on because of the appearance being similar to that of marbled steak. These accumulations contain both living, active WBCs (producing inflammation) and remnants of dead cells, including cholesterol and triglycerides. The remnants eventually include calcium and other crystallized materials within the outermost and oldest plaque. The ""fatty streaks"" reduce the elasticity of the artery walls. However, they do not affect blood flow for decades because the artery muscular wall enlarges at the locations of plaque. The wall stiffening may eventually increase pulse pressure; widened pulse pressure is one possible result of advanced disease within the major arteries.Atherosclerosis is therefore a syndrome affecting arterial blood vessels due to a chronic inflammatory response of WBCs in the walls of arteries. This is promoted by low-density lipoproteins (LDL, plasma proteins that carry cholesterol and triglycerides) without adequate removal of fats and cholesterol from the macrophages by functional high-density lipoproteins (HDL). It is commonly referred to as a ""hardening"" or furring of the arteries. It is caused by the formation of multiple atheromatous plaques within the arteries.The plaque is divided into three distinct components: The atheroma (""lump of gruel"", from Greek ἀθήρα (athera), meaning ""gruel""), which is the nodular accumulation of a soft, flaky, yellowish material at the center of large plaques, composed of macrophages nearest the lumen of the artery Underlying areas of cholesterol crystals Calcification at the outer base of older or more advanced lesions.Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease that remains asymptomatic for decades. Atherosclerotic lesions, or atherosclerotic plaques, are separated into two broad categories: Stable and unstable (also called vulnerable). The pathobiology of atherosclerotic lesions is very complicated, but generally, stable atherosclerotic plaques, which tend to be asymptomatic, are rich in extracellular matrix and smooth muscle cells. On the other hand, unstable plaques are rich in macrophages and foam cells, and the extracellular matrix separating the lesion from the arterial lumen (also known as the fibrous cap) is usually weak and prone to rupture. Ruptures of the fibrous cap expose thrombogenic material, such as collagen, to the circulation and eventually induce thrombus formation in the lumen. Upon formation, intraluminal thrombi can occlude arteries outright (e.g., coronary occlusion), but more often they detach, move into the circulation, and eventually occlude smaller downstream branches causing thromboembolism. Apart from thromboembolism, chronically expanding atherosclerotic lesions can cause complete closure of the lumen. Chronically expanding lesions are often asymptomatic until lumen stenosis is so severe (usually over 80%) that blood supply to downstream tissue(s) is insufficient, resulting in ischemia.These complications of advanced atherosclerosis are chronic, slowly progressive and cumulative. Most commonly, soft plaque suddenly ruptures (see vulnerable plaque), causing the formation of a thrombus that will rapidly slow or stop blood flow, leading to death of the tissues fed by the artery in approximately five minutes. This catastrophic event is called an infarction. One of the most common recognized scenarios is called coronary thrombosis of a coronary artery, causing myocardial infarction (a heart attack). The same process in an artery to the brain is commonly called stroke. Another common scenario in very advanced disease is claudication from insufficient blood supply to the legs. Atherosclerosis affects the entire artery tree, but mostly larger, high-pressure vessels such as the coronary, renal, femoral, cerebral, and carotid arteries. These are termed ""clinically silent"" because the person having the infarction does not notice the problem and does not seek medical help, or when they do, physicians do not recognize what has happened.