Dynamics of transposable elements: towards a community ecology
... able to maintain a positive per capita growth rate at the lowest resource level [75] or highest natural enemy pressure [76] will drive all other competing species to extinction (competitive exclusion principle). Niche-partitioning hypothesis According to this hypothesis, the long-term, stable coexis ...
... able to maintain a positive per capita growth rate at the lowest resource level [75] or highest natural enemy pressure [76] will drive all other competing species to extinction (competitive exclusion principle). Niche-partitioning hypothesis According to this hypothesis, the long-term, stable coexis ...
Soil Pollution,Land pollution,Causes,Effects,Control of Soil Pollution
... processes (respiration, growth, reproduction etc.) In the various seasons of the year in the dominant species in the community. The recurrence of these important life processes at regular intervals in a year and their manifestation in nature is called periodicity. 6. STRATIFICATION: natural forest c ...
... processes (respiration, growth, reproduction etc.) In the various seasons of the year in the dominant species in the community. The recurrence of these important life processes at regular intervals in a year and their manifestation in nature is called periodicity. 6. STRATIFICATION: natural forest c ...
Plant diversity in tropical forests: a review of mechanisms of species
... across the central and western Amazon basin (Ashton 1993; Ter Steege et al. 2000). The persistent, extensive, and benign physical environment combine to insure that the pool of tropical forest plant species is large. Here I ask how hundreds of these species can coexist within a single hectare. Compe ...
... across the central and western Amazon basin (Ashton 1993; Ter Steege et al. 2000). The persistent, extensive, and benign physical environment combine to insure that the pool of tropical forest plant species is large. Here I ask how hundreds of these species can coexist within a single hectare. Compe ...
Using the ESS Maximum Principle to Explore Root
... consumer-resource equations where competition occurs only through the utilization of resources. Provided that such models can be put into an evolutionary game setting, we show that conditions for coexistence can be analysed using the ESS maximum principle from evolutionary game theory. We demonstrat ...
... consumer-resource equations where competition occurs only through the utilization of resources. Provided that such models can be put into an evolutionary game setting, we show that conditions for coexistence can be analysed using the ESS maximum principle from evolutionary game theory. We demonstrat ...
10 - Dr. Mark Pyron
... Cohort Survivorship Mark all individuals born in a single year (called a cohort). n0 Each year, count the number of surviving ...
... Cohort Survivorship Mark all individuals born in a single year (called a cohort). n0 Each year, count the number of surviving ...
Demographic Stages
... • Is an example of a population cycle (ie. alternating periods of high and low populations). • In this type of relationship, one population gains at the expense of the other. An example would be the Arctic hare and the Canada lynx as a predator-prey cycle. • An increase in the hare population will d ...
... • Is an example of a population cycle (ie. alternating periods of high and low populations). • In this type of relationship, one population gains at the expense of the other. An example would be the Arctic hare and the Canada lynx as a predator-prey cycle. • An increase in the hare population will d ...
i.e. Mayfield and Levine 2010
... both niche and competitive ability differences are manifestations of trait value differences between species, which may or may not have phylogenetic signal. Furthermore, how these traits influence coexistence depends on their interaction with the factors limiting growth in the environment. The niche ...
... both niche and competitive ability differences are manifestations of trait value differences between species, which may or may not have phylogenetic signal. Furthermore, how these traits influence coexistence depends on their interaction with the factors limiting growth in the environment. The niche ...
Competition strength of two significant invasive
... The results could be a consequence of two competitive mechanisms. First, competitive resource use may have prevented the native species from gaining adequate nutrients to maintain growth. Secondly, allelopathic compounds may have caused interference competition, stunting growth. Bitou bush is all ...
... The results could be a consequence of two competitive mechanisms. First, competitive resource use may have prevented the native species from gaining adequate nutrients to maintain growth. Secondly, allelopathic compounds may have caused interference competition, stunting growth. Bitou bush is all ...
Chapter 53 Population Ecology
... Density-dependent birth and death rates are an example of negative feedback that regulates population growth ...
... Density-dependent birth and death rates are an example of negative feedback that regulates population growth ...
Patterns and Consequences of Interspecific Competition
... experiments), consistent with the notion that competition has strong effects on community structure. On the other hand, intraspecific competition was not usually stronger than interspecific competition for either competitive effect (four experiments) or response (three experiments), which suggests t ...
... experiments), consistent with the notion that competition has strong effects on community structure. On the other hand, intraspecific competition was not usually stronger than interspecific competition for either competitive effect (four experiments) or response (three experiments), which suggests t ...
Light reduction predicts widespread patterns of dominance between
... represent different spatial distributions of plants. We believe this is appropriate, because thinning for a particular spatial distribution of plants would have biased the results; this is especially true for the lowest density plots. With our approach, different spatial configurations should averag ...
... represent different spatial distributions of plants. We believe this is appropriate, because thinning for a particular spatial distribution of plants would have biased the results; this is especially true for the lowest density plots. With our approach, different spatial configurations should averag ...
Forest Site Preparation
... Mechanical Seedbed Manipulation and Competition Control Disking: done with large heavy disks, pulled by a large tractor • Knocks down small material, rips up smaller rootstocks • Benefits: – May provide good competition control – Provides some facilitation of planting – Can decrease compaction • di ...
... Mechanical Seedbed Manipulation and Competition Control Disking: done with large heavy disks, pulled by a large tractor • Knocks down small material, rips up smaller rootstocks • Benefits: – May provide good competition control – Provides some facilitation of planting – Can decrease compaction • di ...
Community monopolization: local adaptation enhances priority
... even though a good disperser arrives in many habitats, these immigrants will not always successfully establish and reproduce in those habitats. As such, even good dispersers can become locally adapted, a pattern long recognized but not often explained (Ehrlich & Raven 1969; Hendry & Taylor 2004). In ...
... even though a good disperser arrives in many habitats, these immigrants will not always successfully establish and reproduce in those habitats. As such, even good dispersers can become locally adapted, a pattern long recognized but not often explained (Ehrlich & Raven 1969; Hendry & Taylor 2004). In ...
The Ecological Niche in Aquatic Ecosystems
... Niche, in everyday English usage, means a place or situation that is especially well suited to an individual or inanimate object. No doubt the word was used in this general way by ecologists before they began adapting its meaning to a more specific purpose, through the concept of ecological niche. n ...
... Niche, in everyday English usage, means a place or situation that is especially well suited to an individual or inanimate object. No doubt the word was used in this general way by ecologists before they began adapting its meaning to a more specific purpose, through the concept of ecological niche. n ...
Community monopolization: local adaptation enhances priority
... even though a good disperser arrives in many habitats, these immigrants will not always successfully establish and reproduce in those habitats. As such, even good dispersers can become locally adapted, a pattern long recognized but not often explained (Ehrlich & Raven 1969; Hendry & Taylor 2004). In ...
... even though a good disperser arrives in many habitats, these immigrants will not always successfully establish and reproduce in those habitats. As such, even good dispersers can become locally adapted, a pattern long recognized but not often explained (Ehrlich & Raven 1969; Hendry & Taylor 2004). In ...
Invasion, disturbance, and competition: modeling the fate of coastal
... by flowering ramets that survive to t+1 and s3 is the survival rate of rhizomes that do not produce ramets in that year but remain dormant. In the 1- and 2-species models, the parameters p1, s2, p3, s3, c1, and b were regulated by a density-dependent factor from the Beverton-Holt equation: f(Z)=1/(1 ...
... by flowering ramets that survive to t+1 and s3 is the survival rate of rhizomes that do not produce ramets in that year but remain dormant. In the 1- and 2-species models, the parameters p1, s2, p3, s3, c1, and b were regulated by a density-dependent factor from the Beverton-Holt equation: f(Z)=1/(1 ...
Assessing the ecological significance of
... trates the ability of Schizachyrium scoparium ( little bluestem) rapidly and competitively to exclude other species under experimental conditions, where competition is predominantly for nitrogen only. However, in natural conditions, where competition is also mainly for nitrogen, little bluestem may ...
... trates the ability of Schizachyrium scoparium ( little bluestem) rapidly and competitively to exclude other species under experimental conditions, where competition is predominantly for nitrogen only. However, in natural conditions, where competition is also mainly for nitrogen, little bluestem may ...
Interspecific interactions in phytophagous insects revisited: a
... affected the strength of competitive interactions (¼effect size), we classified each herbivore species by taxonomy (order, family, genus, species) and feeding guild (chewer or sap-feeder). Additionally, the extent of plant damage was noted if such information was provided by the study. This value wa ...
... affected the strength of competitive interactions (¼effect size), we classified each herbivore species by taxonomy (order, family, genus, species) and feeding guild (chewer or sap-feeder). Additionally, the extent of plant damage was noted if such information was provided by the study. This value wa ...
Biodiversity and ecosystem productivity in a fluctuating environment
... relation. Our results show that the buffering effect does not depend on these particular assumptions. In our modeling framework, these assumptions are not necessary but can be derived as consequences for a special case. Further, our model shows that correlations between species responses can cause m ...
... relation. Our results show that the buffering effect does not depend on these particular assumptions. In our modeling framework, these assumptions are not necessary but can be derived as consequences for a special case. Further, our model shows that correlations between species responses can cause m ...
Strong asymmetrical inter-specific relationships in food web
... network nodes and of the relative strength and asymmetry of the interactions (see Jordán et al. 2003). For this index, we define an,ij as the effect of j on i when i can be reached from j in n steps. The simplest method of calculating an,ij is when n = 1 (i.e. the effect of j on i in 1 step): a1,ij ...
... network nodes and of the relative strength and asymmetry of the interactions (see Jordán et al. 2003). For this index, we define an,ij as the effect of j on i when i can be reached from j in n steps. The simplest method of calculating an,ij is when n = 1 (i.e. the effect of j on i in 1 step): a1,ij ...
Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Development
... This pool of genetic variation present within an interbreeding population is acted upon by selection. The significance of genetic variation is thus clear: it enables both natural evolutionary change and artificial selective breeding to occur. Each of the estimated 109 different genes distributed ac ...
... This pool of genetic variation present within an interbreeding population is acted upon by selection. The significance of genetic variation is thus clear: it enables both natural evolutionary change and artificial selective breeding to occur. Each of the estimated 109 different genes distributed ac ...