Decoys in Predation and Parasitism
... some attempts to use them and bacteriophages for pathogen control (Westergaard and Kramer 1977; Smith and Huggins 1983; Jackson and Whiting 1992; Fratamico and Whiting 1995; Sarkar et al. 1996). Like bacteriophages, bacteria of the genus Bdellovibrio penetrate the outer envelope of their prey, take ...
... some attempts to use them and bacteriophages for pathogen control (Westergaard and Kramer 1977; Smith and Huggins 1983; Jackson and Whiting 1992; Fratamico and Whiting 1995; Sarkar et al. 1996). Like bacteriophages, bacteria of the genus Bdellovibrio penetrate the outer envelope of their prey, take ...
Rapid Evolutionary Change and the Coexistence of Species
... making coexistence more likely. In this framework a species’ mean fitness refers to the component of its population growth rate that is independent of its density and the density of competing species (see the sidebar on Ecological Versus Evolutionary Fitness for a further discussion of ecological fitn ...
... making coexistence more likely. In this framework a species’ mean fitness refers to the component of its population growth rate that is independent of its density and the density of competing species (see the sidebar on Ecological Versus Evolutionary Fitness for a further discussion of ecological fitn ...
Relationships Within Ecosystems
... E. One organism benefits but the other does not benefit and is not harmed. F. parasitism ...
... E. One organism benefits but the other does not benefit and is not harmed. F. parasitism ...
- ResearchOnline@JCU
... were no longer evident in Australia, while they remained in the Bahamas, indicating that post-recruitment interactions may or may not obscure patterns established at recruitment. If the patterns we observed at recruitment were the result of consumption by predators, why would predators disproportion ...
... were no longer evident in Australia, while they remained in the Bahamas, indicating that post-recruitment interactions may or may not obscure patterns established at recruitment. If the patterns we observed at recruitment were the result of consumption by predators, why would predators disproportion ...
A hierarchical model of whole assemblage island biogeography
... evolutionary biology. However, while many empirical studies suggest species differ in vital biogeographic rates, such as dispersal abilities, quantitative methods have had difficulty incorporating such differences into analyses of whole-assemblages. In particular, differences in dispersal abilities ...
... evolutionary biology. However, while many empirical studies suggest species differ in vital biogeographic rates, such as dispersal abilities, quantitative methods have had difficulty incorporating such differences into analyses of whole-assemblages. In particular, differences in dispersal abilities ...
Management strategies for plant invasions: manipulating
... The predictions of the dynamic equilibrium model for the invasibility of different environments (Huston, 1994) are derived from its predictions for population survival and species diversity of plants in general, whether native or exotic, and address two distinct components of invasibility: (1) the p ...
... The predictions of the dynamic equilibrium model for the invasibility of different environments (Huston, 1994) are derived from its predictions for population survival and species diversity of plants in general, whether native or exotic, and address two distinct components of invasibility: (1) the p ...
Distribution/abundance relations in a New Zealand grassland
... Abstract: There are many examples in the literature of a positive correlation between the distribution of a species and its local abundance, i.e., widely occurring species tend to be more abundant locally when they do occur. Such relations have been documented over a wide range of taxa and spatial s ...
... Abstract: There are many examples in the literature of a positive correlation between the distribution of a species and its local abundance, i.e., widely occurring species tend to be more abundant locally when they do occur. Such relations have been documented over a wide range of taxa and spatial s ...
Species-rich ecosystems are vulnerable to cascading extinctions in an increasingly variable world
... species-rich ecosystems than in species-poor ones due to increased intensity of competition—density compensation (reviewed by Gonzalez and Loreau 2009)—and lower densities should in turn lead to higher extinction risks. We also investigate how species richness and degree of correlation among species ...
... species-rich ecosystems than in species-poor ones due to increased intensity of competition—density compensation (reviewed by Gonzalez and Loreau 2009)—and lower densities should in turn lead to higher extinction risks. We also investigate how species richness and degree of correlation among species ...
Diversity effects on production in different light and fertility
... added total) in a replacement series design to account for differences in recruitment success between species of different seed sizes. The mass of seed added per plot per species was calculated by dividing seed mass (8 g) by the germination rate of the species (for monocultures), or by dividing the ...
... added total) in a replacement series design to account for differences in recruitment success between species of different seed sizes. The mass of seed added per plot per species was calculated by dividing seed mass (8 g) by the germination rate of the species (for monocultures), or by dividing the ...
Accepted manuscript
... correlation structure of ρ = 0, 0.5 or 1. This was incorporated into eqn. (1), communities were assembled following the same rules as above, checked for persistence, then initiated at equilibrium and simulated over 200 time-steps for different community sizes and values of rMAX and ρ. The CV(x) fro ...
... correlation structure of ρ = 0, 0.5 or 1. This was incorporated into eqn. (1), communities were assembled following the same rules as above, checked for persistence, then initiated at equilibrium and simulated over 200 time-steps for different community sizes and values of rMAX and ρ. The CV(x) fro ...
Reiskind, M.H. and M.L. Wilson. 2008. Interspecific
... ABSTRACT Many invasive species succeed in becoming established in new locations because of their competitive superiority to native species. This has been shown in several examples involving mosquitoes. In this study, we examined the interspeciÞc competition between mosquito larvae of a well-establis ...
... ABSTRACT Many invasive species succeed in becoming established in new locations because of their competitive superiority to native species. This has been shown in several examples involving mosquitoes. In this study, we examined the interspeciÞc competition between mosquito larvae of a well-establis ...
Fig. 3 - ePrints Soton - University of Southampton
... www.nature.com/scientificreports/ and is further complicated by alterations in context, including resource availability48, habitat configuration7 and changing environmental conditions42,49,50. It follows therefore, that the mechanistic basis of species interactions are unlikely to be documented in ...
... www.nature.com/scientificreports/ and is further complicated by alterations in context, including resource availability48, habitat configuration7 and changing environmental conditions42,49,50. It follows therefore, that the mechanistic basis of species interactions are unlikely to be documented in ...
Population Ecology
... individuals in a population per unit time. The term population growth can technically refer to any species, but almost always refers to humans, and it is often used informally for the more specific demographic term population growth rate. • All populations have the potential to grow exponentially wh ...
... individuals in a population per unit time. The term population growth can technically refer to any species, but almost always refers to humans, and it is often used informally for the more specific demographic term population growth rate. • All populations have the potential to grow exponentially wh ...
Environmental Fitness for Sustained Population Dynamics
... in a different way. The conditions for agents survival and reproduction are set up locally, in both space and time. Agents evolve, and phenomena are observed on larger scales: periodic patterns (time), covering the whole environment (space). Ideally, the system could be designed by using preconditio ...
... in a different way. The conditions for agents survival and reproduction are set up locally, in both space and time. Agents evolve, and phenomena are observed on larger scales: periodic patterns (time), covering the whole environment (space). Ideally, the system could be designed by using preconditio ...
Sociality, densitydependence and microclimates determine the
... at least six species of hibernating bats (Table S1) (Cryan et al. 2010). WNS is characterised by lesions on flight membranes of bats (Meteyer et al. 2009) which may disrupt patterns of torpor (Warnecke et al. 2012) or critical physiological processes and possibly result in death by starvation or deh ...
... at least six species of hibernating bats (Table S1) (Cryan et al. 2010). WNS is characterised by lesions on flight membranes of bats (Meteyer et al. 2009) which may disrupt patterns of torpor (Warnecke et al. 2012) or critical physiological processes and possibly result in death by starvation or deh ...
Explaining density-dependent regulation in earthworm populations
... the fact that they play an important role in food web dynamics and contribute to nutrient cycling and decomposition processes (DeRuiter et al. 1995). Amongst the few studies that have been conducted, Bengtsson et al. (1994) reported on the density-dependent dispersal of springtails and Klironomos an ...
... the fact that they play an important role in food web dynamics and contribute to nutrient cycling and decomposition processes (DeRuiter et al. 1995). Amongst the few studies that have been conducted, Bengtsson et al. (1994) reported on the density-dependent dispersal of springtails and Klironomos an ...
chapter 1
... In the natural world, many species have a life history that takes their individual members through two stages: immature and mature with a time lag. In ecology, more realistic models should include some of the past states of the system: that is, ideally, a real system should be modeled by differentia ...
... In the natural world, many species have a life history that takes their individual members through two stages: immature and mature with a time lag. In ecology, more realistic models should include some of the past states of the system: that is, ideally, a real system should be modeled by differentia ...
The Effects of Simulated Competition on Foraging Behavior in
... Ecological communities are often shaped by competition between individuals for a shared limited resource (Rohde 2011). Competition may be between individuals of the same species (intraspecific competition) or between individuals of different species (interspecific competition). In forest communities ...
... Ecological communities are often shaped by competition between individuals for a shared limited resource (Rohde 2011). Competition may be between individuals of the same species (intraspecific competition) or between individuals of different species (interspecific competition). In forest communities ...
as a PDF
... more general expression—including variation in intraspecific interactions—establishes the relationship between the distributions of a and K and the abundance distribution of all species. Figure 1a compares results from the analytic target distributions with results from numerical integrations for th ...
... more general expression—including variation in intraspecific interactions—establishes the relationship between the distributions of a and K and the abundance distribution of all species. Figure 1a compares results from the analytic target distributions with results from numerical integrations for th ...
Patch Disturbance and the Human Niche by John M - Zoe-s-wiki
... species enter the community. Others are extirpated (ie-become locally extinct). Species which dominated a landscape at one time become minor components of the community while other species are "fruitful and multiply", becoming dominant species. This change is in some way directional and generally pr ...
... species enter the community. Others are extirpated (ie-become locally extinct). Species which dominated a landscape at one time become minor components of the community while other species are "fruitful and multiply", becoming dominant species. This change is in some way directional and generally pr ...
A General Approach to the Modelling of Trophic Chains
... human populations (Banks, 1994) and, when generalized, describes the dynamics of many single species populations in both laboratory and field (Gause, 1934; Allee et al., 1949; Thomas et al., 1980; Berryman and Millstein, 1990). It is applicable to multiple situations in ecology and biology (Banks, 1 ...
... human populations (Banks, 1994) and, when generalized, describes the dynamics of many single species populations in both laboratory and field (Gause, 1934; Allee et al., 1949; Thomas et al., 1980; Berryman and Millstein, 1990). It is applicable to multiple situations in ecology and biology (Banks, 1 ...
