The Origin, Evolution and Present State of Subcontinental Lithosphere
... Why Beijing, China? We choose to hold such a conference in Beijing, China, because eastern China, especially the North China Craton (also known as Sino-Korean Craton), presents us with an excellent modern example of SCLM thinning since the Mesozoic. The existence of Paleozoic diamondiferous kimberli ...
... Why Beijing, China? We choose to hold such a conference in Beijing, China, because eastern China, especially the North China Craton (also known as Sino-Korean Craton), presents us with an excellent modern example of SCLM thinning since the Mesozoic. The existence of Paleozoic diamondiferous kimberli ...
Ch04 Igneous rocks
... (heat) metamorphism and melting. inflation of fractures, wedging wall rock apart. detachment of large wall rock blocks (stoping), and incorporation of wall rock fragments (xenoliths). ...
... (heat) metamorphism and melting. inflation of fractures, wedging wall rock apart. detachment of large wall rock blocks (stoping), and incorporation of wall rock fragments (xenoliths). ...
Destruction of the North China Craton: a perspective based on
... jump of Cenozoic subduction of the Pacific Plate and the farfield effect of eastward extrusion of Cenozoic subduction of the Indian Plate (Li et al., 2012). After the cessation of the Kula Plate subduction, the Pacific Plate moved northward and subducted beneath the Eurasian Plate since 53 Ma, with an ...
... jump of Cenozoic subduction of the Pacific Plate and the farfield effect of eastward extrusion of Cenozoic subduction of the Indian Plate (Li et al., 2012). After the cessation of the Kula Plate subduction, the Pacific Plate moved northward and subducted beneath the Eurasian Plate since 53 Ma, with an ...
Mantle Exhumation in an Early Paleozoic Passive Margin, Northern
... to conditions above the fluid-absent metapelite solidus. The contrasting strength of upper mantle and crustal lithologies during extension may explain the structural juxtaposition and boudinage of upper mantle peridotite and troctolite on various scales. The Os isotopic compositions of the peridotit ...
... to conditions above the fluid-absent metapelite solidus. The contrasting strength of upper mantle and crustal lithologies during extension may explain the structural juxtaposition and boudinage of upper mantle peridotite and troctolite on various scales. The Os isotopic compositions of the peridotit ...
Document
... In recent years articles and reports have predicted the replacement of hydrocarbon-sourced fuels by hydrogen gas (Eyre et al. 2002). Some of these projects and potential sources of hydrogen were reviewed previously (Smith 2002). Articles either incorrectly state that hydrogen does not occur freely i ...
... In recent years articles and reports have predicted the replacement of hydrocarbon-sourced fuels by hydrogen gas (Eyre et al. 2002). Some of these projects and potential sources of hydrogen were reviewed previously (Smith 2002). Articles either incorrectly state that hydrogen does not occur freely i ...
Rudnick and Lee.fm - Cin
... compositions of peridotite residues are difficult to overprint by later processes, such as melt infiltration, which have such dramatic effects on other radiogenic isotope systems. For this reason, Os isotopes have proven useful in dating lithosphere formation, assuming that lithosphere formation goe ...
... compositions of peridotite residues are difficult to overprint by later processes, such as melt infiltration, which have such dramatic effects on other radiogenic isotope systems. For this reason, Os isotopes have proven useful in dating lithosphere formation, assuming that lithosphere formation goe ...
Lithospheric evolution of the Andean fold–thrust belt, Bolivia, and
... We combine geological and geophysical data to develop a generalized model for the lithospheric evolution of the central Andean plateau between 188 and 208 S from Late Cretaceous to present. By integrating geophysical results of upper mantle structure, crustal thickness, and composition with recently ...
... We combine geological and geophysical data to develop a generalized model for the lithospheric evolution of the central Andean plateau between 188 and 208 S from Late Cretaceous to present. By integrating geophysical results of upper mantle structure, crustal thickness, and composition with recently ...
A review of the isotopic and trace element evidence for
... The surface of Earth is composed of geodynamically stable continental cratons, orogenically active continental and oceanic margins, and freshly created ocean floor that compositionally reflects 4.5 billion years of geological evolution. While present plate tectonic processes (summed up as the “Wilso ...
... The surface of Earth is composed of geodynamically stable continental cratons, orogenically active continental and oceanic margins, and freshly created ocean floor that compositionally reflects 4.5 billion years of geological evolution. While present plate tectonic processes (summed up as the “Wilso ...
Petrology and tectonics of Phanerozoic continent formation: From
... continent formation. We combine new trace-element data on lower crustal xenoliths from the Mesozoic Sierra Nevada Batholith with an extensive grid-based geochemical map of the Peninsular Ranges Batholith, the southern equivalent of the Sierras. Collectively, these observations give a three-dimension ...
... continent formation. We combine new trace-element data on lower crustal xenoliths from the Mesozoic Sierra Nevada Batholith with an extensive grid-based geochemical map of the Peninsular Ranges Batholith, the southern equivalent of the Sierras. Collectively, these observations give a three-dimension ...
Zinc isotope evidence for a large-scale carbonated mantle beneath
... the mantle, it is expected that if the mantle source contains recycled carbonates, basalts from such a source would have heavier Zn isotopic compositions than those from normal mantle. Thus, the fingerprint of recycled carbonates in the mantle can be in- ...
... the mantle, it is expected that if the mantle source contains recycled carbonates, basalts from such a source would have heavier Zn isotopic compositions than those from normal mantle. Thus, the fingerprint of recycled carbonates in the mantle can be in- ...
Collision and Postcollision Structural Evolution of the Andrianovka
... Allochthon. The schistosity in the rocks of the Andrianovka Formation gently dips to the east and northeast (Fig. 6). The schistosity intensity increases within the intraformational fault zones where quartzvein banding, small faults, and kinkbands (kinkzones) are abundant. The normal-fault kinkzones ...
... Allochthon. The schistosity in the rocks of the Andrianovka Formation gently dips to the east and northeast (Fig. 6). The schistosity intensity increases within the intraformational fault zones where quartzvein banding, small faults, and kinkbands (kinkzones) are abundant. The normal-fault kinkzones ...
Arshid - DEP
... locations. Volcanoes are most likely to occur along the margins of tectonic plates, especially in subduction zones where oceanic plates dive under continental plates. As the oceanic plate subducts beneath the surface, intense heat and pressure melts the rock. Molten rock material, magma, can then oo ...
... locations. Volcanoes are most likely to occur along the margins of tectonic plates, especially in subduction zones where oceanic plates dive under continental plates. As the oceanic plate subducts beneath the surface, intense heat and pressure melts the rock. Molten rock material, magma, can then oo ...
Structure and rheology of lithosphere in Italy and surrounding.
... Fig. 1 The cellular Vs structures and related logE–h distribution of earthquakes, obtained grouping hypocentres in 4-km intervals, in North Italy and surrounding areas. The upper 60 km of the Earth model are plotted on the leftmost graph for each cell. The average Vs and its range of variability in ...
... Fig. 1 The cellular Vs structures and related logE–h distribution of earthquakes, obtained grouping hypocentres in 4-km intervals, in North Italy and surrounding areas. The upper 60 km of the Earth model are plotted on the leftmost graph for each cell. The average Vs and its range of variability in ...
PDF 3.2 MB - users.monash.edu.au
... School of Geosciences, Monash University, Clayton, Vic. 3800, Australia. Fractal-dimension analysis is an effective means of quantifying complex map patterns of structures and lithological contacts, which are conduits for hydrothermal fluid flow during the formation of orogenicgold deposits. In this s ...
... School of Geosciences, Monash University, Clayton, Vic. 3800, Australia. Fractal-dimension analysis is an effective means of quantifying complex map patterns of structures and lithological contacts, which are conduits for hydrothermal fluid flow during the formation of orogenicgold deposits. In this s ...
suprastrcuture of the metamorphic terrains in south bulgaria
... between nappes and recumbent folds are not made, so it is vary likely, that the flat lying structures are in fact recumbent folds that repeat the same sequence, rather than nappes or thrusts with large displacement that juxtapose different rock sheets. In reality the time of initiation and the strat ...
... between nappes and recumbent folds are not made, so it is vary likely, that the flat lying structures are in fact recumbent folds that repeat the same sequence, rather than nappes or thrusts with large displacement that juxtapose different rock sheets. In reality the time of initiation and the strat ...
CHAPTER 2 Plate Tect..
... 15. How is a hot-spot track produced, and how can hot-spot tracks be used to track the past motions of a plate? Why is only the volcano at the end of a hot-spot track active? ANS: A large volume of very hot rock from within the mantle rises at the hot spot and produces abundant magma, yielding copio ...
... 15. How is a hot-spot track produced, and how can hot-spot tracks be used to track the past motions of a plate? Why is only the volcano at the end of a hot-spot track active? ANS: A large volume of very hot rock from within the mantle rises at the hot spot and produces abundant magma, yielding copio ...
Support of high elevation in the southern Basin and Range based
... summit of the MCC. In fact the average Vp/Vs measurement of all MCCs is greater (1.83) than remaining Basin and Range stations (1.73) ignoring station DSRT. Measurements at ABBY and TUC curiously exhibit equal or slightly thicker crust than the higher elevation MCCs sampled at KITT, LEMN and SQRL. T ...
... summit of the MCC. In fact the average Vp/Vs measurement of all MCCs is greater (1.83) than remaining Basin and Range stations (1.73) ignoring station DSRT. Measurements at ABBY and TUC curiously exhibit equal or slightly thicker crust than the higher elevation MCCs sampled at KITT, LEMN and SQRL. T ...
The Making of the Japan Sea and the Japanese Mountains
... There is little more dramatic than the opening of a back-arc basin sea behind a volcanic arc. An extensional back-arc basin forms by the pushing out of a section of continental coast into an offshore arc, with the new basin behind the arc filling with sea water and often having a floor built of ocea ...
... There is little more dramatic than the opening of a back-arc basin sea behind a volcanic arc. An extensional back-arc basin forms by the pushing out of a section of continental coast into an offshore arc, with the new basin behind the arc filling with sea water and often having a floor built of ocea ...
Deep Sea Drilling Project Initial Reports Volume 80
... of the zones recognized geologically and geophysically in northwestern Spain. This interpretation is reinforced by seismic refraction data. Velocities ranging between 5.1 and 5.8 km/s, observed in the interpreted basins, seem to be, as elsewhere in Brittany, characteristic of slightly metamorphosed ...
... of the zones recognized geologically and geophysically in northwestern Spain. This interpretation is reinforced by seismic refraction data. Velocities ranging between 5.1 and 5.8 km/s, observed in the interpreted basins, seem to be, as elsewhere in Brittany, characteristic of slightly metamorphosed ...
Carbon Retention in Deeply Subducted Sedimentary Rocks
... Cignana localities samples are not organized within grades. (A) δ13CVPDB of carbonate in samples, ordered by increasing grade and shaded/sized according to ratio of carbonate:reduced C weight percents. In general, samples with smaller proportional amounts of carbonate exhibit larger decreases from s ...
... Cignana localities samples are not organized within grades. (A) δ13CVPDB of carbonate in samples, ordered by increasing grade and shaded/sized according to ratio of carbonate:reduced C weight percents. In general, samples with smaller proportional amounts of carbonate exhibit larger decreases from s ...
norphisi1 ill tile (ollwirucx Mountain Quadrangle, Northl
... southwestern Oregon is occupied by rocks of the greenschist metamorphic facies called the Condrey Mountain Schist. This greenschist terrane is bordered on the east and west by rocks belonging to the amphibolite metamorphic facies that structurally overlie and are thrust over the Condrey Mountain Sch ...
... southwestern Oregon is occupied by rocks of the greenschist metamorphic facies called the Condrey Mountain Schist. This greenschist terrane is bordered on the east and west by rocks belonging to the amphibolite metamorphic facies that structurally overlie and are thrust over the Condrey Mountain Sch ...
Origin of Archean subcontinental lithospheric mantle: Some
... accompanied by orthopyroxene with about the same Mg/Fe ratios, to produce a rock with harzburgitic bulk composition (Boyd and Mertzman, 1987; Griffin et al., 1999); more rarely the rock consists only of olivine and is a highly refractory dunite (Berstein et al., 1997). Highly magnesian olivine and or ...
... accompanied by orthopyroxene with about the same Mg/Fe ratios, to produce a rock with harzburgitic bulk composition (Boyd and Mertzman, 1987; Griffin et al., 1999); more rarely the rock consists only of olivine and is a highly refractory dunite (Berstein et al., 1997). Highly magnesian olivine and or ...
Preview Sample 2
... 4. Our Sun is approximately 5 billion years old and is expected to continue fusing helium as it does today for about another 5 billion years. All planetary orbits are coplanar, and all planets orbit in the same direction (counterclockwise as viewed from above Earth’s north pole). These facts imply s ...
... 4. Our Sun is approximately 5 billion years old and is expected to continue fusing helium as it does today for about another 5 billion years. All planetary orbits are coplanar, and all planets orbit in the same direction (counterclockwise as viewed from above Earth’s north pole). These facts imply s ...
Baltic Shield
The Baltic Shield (sometimes referred to as the Fennoscandian Shield) is located in Fennoscandia (Norway, Sweden and Finland), northwest Russia and under the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Shield is defined as the exposed Precambrian northwest segment of the East European Craton. It is composed mostly of Archean and Proterozoic gneisses and greenstones which have undergone numerous deformations through tectonic activity (see Geology of Fennoscandia map [1]). The Baltic Shield contains the oldest rocks of the European continent. The lithospheric thickness is about 200-300 km. During the Pleistocene epoch, great continental ice sheets scoured and depressed the shield's surface, leaving a thin covering of glacial material and innumerable lakes and streams. The Baltic Shield is still rebounding today following the melting of the thick glaciers during the Quaternary Period.