Carbonatite occurrences of the world: map and database, by AR
... compilation. They draw attention to some interesting features, especially the association of carbonatites with a relatively wide range of rock types (including kimberlites), and the division of carbonatites into 11 age groupings using data of variable quality. Compiling the ages, 264 in all, and the ...
... compilation. They draw attention to some interesting features, especially the association of carbonatites with a relatively wide range of rock types (including kimberlites), and the division of carbonatites into 11 age groupings using data of variable quality. Compiling the ages, 264 in all, and the ...
mantle plumes and hot spots - The Centre for Earth Evolution and
... Mantle plumes, which are upwelling instabilities from deep in Earth’s mantle, are thought to be responsible for hotspots that are relatively stationary, resulting in chains of islands and seamounts on moving oceanic plates. The volcanic rocks associated with hotspots have signatures in trace element ...
... Mantle plumes, which are upwelling instabilities from deep in Earth’s mantle, are thought to be responsible for hotspots that are relatively stationary, resulting in chains of islands and seamounts on moving oceanic plates. The volcanic rocks associated with hotspots have signatures in trace element ...
Field Relationships and Kinematic Indicators in the Virgin River
... 1820 Ma (Bickford et a/.,1986) Junction Granite and the VRSZ provide loose constraints indicating that both the Slave and Superior Cratons may have played roles in the movement history of the VRSZ. Kinematic data are consistent with the interpretation of the shear zone as an intracratonic transcurre ...
... 1820 Ma (Bickford et a/.,1986) Junction Granite and the VRSZ provide loose constraints indicating that both the Slave and Superior Cratons may have played roles in the movement history of the VRSZ. Kinematic data are consistent with the interpretation of the shear zone as an intracratonic transcurre ...
Diapirs as the source of the sediment signature in arc lavas
... Island arc lavas, erupted above subduction zones, commonly contain a geochemical component derived from partial melting of subducted sediment. It is debated whether this sediment melt signature, with enriched trace element concentrations and isotope ratios, forms at relatively low or high temperatur ...
... Island arc lavas, erupted above subduction zones, commonly contain a geochemical component derived from partial melting of subducted sediment. It is debated whether this sediment melt signature, with enriched trace element concentrations and isotope ratios, forms at relatively low or high temperatur ...
A. M. Celâl ŞENGÖR, Boris A. NATAL`IN, Gürsel
... The Altaids are one of the largest superorogenic complexes in the world in which two genetically closely related orogenic complexes ended up generating much of northern Asia during the Palaeozoic and the early and medial Mesozoic. This immense superorogenic complex evolved as a consequence of the de ...
... The Altaids are one of the largest superorogenic complexes in the world in which two genetically closely related orogenic complexes ended up generating much of northern Asia during the Palaeozoic and the early and medial Mesozoic. This immense superorogenic complex evolved as a consequence of the de ...
Geo-neutrinos and Earth Models
... producing elements and differences are due to contrasts in starting assumptions. In addition, some models shape composition by invoking major post-accretionary processes, such as significant mass losses early in the differentiation and evolution of the young planet during the waning stages of accretion ...
... producing elements and differences are due to contrasts in starting assumptions. In addition, some models shape composition by invoking major post-accretionary processes, such as significant mass losses early in the differentiation and evolution of the young planet during the waning stages of accretion ...
Comparative Study of Quaternary Arc Volcanic Belts: Southern Chile
... important for the occurrence of large calderas with voluminous felsic pyroclastic flows and abundance of andesite. The physical properties of subducting oceanic lithosphere is contrasting between the two arcs; young, warm and buoyant in Southern Chile and old, cold and dense in Northeast Japan. On t ...
... important for the occurrence of large calderas with voluminous felsic pyroclastic flows and abundance of andesite. The physical properties of subducting oceanic lithosphere is contrasting between the two arcs; young, warm and buoyant in Southern Chile and old, cold and dense in Northeast Japan. On t ...
Post-collision, Shoshonitic Volcanism on the Tibetan Plateau
... field expeditions, samples collected by J. Liu and samples collected by N. Arnaud during the 1989— 1990 Sino-French geotraverses. In conjunction with data published by McKenna & Walker (1990) and Coulon et al. (1986), this constitutes all available data to our knowledge. The volcanic rocks are first ...
... field expeditions, samples collected by J. Liu and samples collected by N. Arnaud during the 1989— 1990 Sino-French geotraverses. In conjunction with data published by McKenna & Walker (1990) and Coulon et al. (1986), this constitutes all available data to our knowledge. The volcanic rocks are first ...
File
... • Magma, because it is molten, is less dense than surrounding rocks. • This density difference forces magma to move upward and eventually come into contact with, or intrude into, the overlying crust. ...
... • Magma, because it is molten, is less dense than surrounding rocks. • This density difference forces magma to move upward and eventually come into contact with, or intrude into, the overlying crust. ...
Experimental approaches to the study of deformation/metamorphism
... such a way that deformation may become intensely localized into a narrow shear zone, rather than being uniformly distributed. The mineral products of a metamorphic reaction may be intrinsically stronger or weaker than the assemblage of the parent rock, provided the comparison is carried out ...
... such a way that deformation may become intensely localized into a narrow shear zone, rather than being uniformly distributed. The mineral products of a metamorphic reaction may be intrinsically stronger or weaker than the assemblage of the parent rock, provided the comparison is carried out ...
Channel flow and the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen: a critical review
... Although our understanding of the creation and subduction of oceanic lithosphere has advanced rapidly over the past few decades, the processes that control mountain building within the continents remain highly contentious. Recent developments in quantitative modelling of lithospheric deformation, co ...
... Although our understanding of the creation and subduction of oceanic lithosphere has advanced rapidly over the past few decades, the processes that control mountain building within the continents remain highly contentious. Recent developments in quantitative modelling of lithospheric deformation, co ...
Intra-Panthalassa Ocean subduction zones revealed by fossil arcs
... The vast Panthalassa Ocean once surrounded the supercontinent Pangaea. Subduction has since consumed most of the oceanic plates that formed the ocean floor, so classic plate reconstructions based on magnetic anomalies can be used only to constrain the ocean’s history since the Cretaceous period1,2 , ...
... The vast Panthalassa Ocean once surrounded the supercontinent Pangaea. Subduction has since consumed most of the oceanic plates that formed the ocean floor, so classic plate reconstructions based on magnetic anomalies can be used only to constrain the ocean’s history since the Cretaceous period1,2 , ...
Depth versus age: new perspectives from the chemical compositions
... thus allows us to address the possibility that the current shallow depths of ancient crust may result in part from shallower initial depths of ridges during the Mesozoic. While this would be an inherently speculative suggestion based solely on depth and age, it is a testable hypothesis using a petro ...
... thus allows us to address the possibility that the current shallow depths of ancient crust may result in part from shallower initial depths of ridges during the Mesozoic. While this would be an inherently speculative suggestion based solely on depth and age, it is a testable hypothesis using a petro ...
Bresse Graben System, European Crust and Topo Europe
... Sea and the North Sea that began to form during the late Eocene. There are six different rifts in Central Europe that belong to the Cenozoic Rift System: Limagne Graben, Bresse Graben, Upper and Lower Rhine Graben, Eger Graben and the two Hessian Grabens (see Fig. 1). Some parts of this system are s ...
... Sea and the North Sea that began to form during the late Eocene. There are six different rifts in Central Europe that belong to the Cenozoic Rift System: Limagne Graben, Bresse Graben, Upper and Lower Rhine Graben, Eger Graben and the two Hessian Grabens (see Fig. 1). Some parts of this system are s ...
Ridge subduction and porphyry copper
... For example, there are several subducting ridges along the east Pacific margin, e.g., in Chile, Peru, and South America, most of which are associated with large porphyry Cu-Au deposits. In contrast, there are much fewer ridge subductions on the west Pacific margin and porphyry Cu-Au deposits are muc ...
... For example, there are several subducting ridges along the east Pacific margin, e.g., in Chile, Peru, and South America, most of which are associated with large porphyry Cu-Au deposits. In contrast, there are much fewer ridge subductions on the west Pacific margin and porphyry Cu-Au deposits are muc ...
47. the ocean/continent transition beneath the iberia abyssal plain
... broke away from Newfoundland in the Early Cretaceous as rifting propagated from south to north. The ocean/continent transition off Newfoundland seems to occur ~50 km seaward of the shelf edge near the base of the continental slope. Off west Iberia, the ocean/continent transition is defined by an 80- ...
... broke away from Newfoundland in the Early Cretaceous as rifting propagated from south to north. The ocean/continent transition off Newfoundland seems to occur ~50 km seaward of the shelf edge near the base of the continental slope. Off west Iberia, the ocean/continent transition is defined by an 80- ...
Harris, 2007
... Although our understanding of the creation and subduction of oceanic lithosphere has advanced rapidly over the past few decades, the processes that control mountain building within the continents remain highly contentious. Recent developments in quantitative modelling of lithospheric deformation, co ...
... Although our understanding of the creation and subduction of oceanic lithosphere has advanced rapidly over the past few decades, the processes that control mountain building within the continents remain highly contentious. Recent developments in quantitative modelling of lithospheric deformation, co ...
Geology and petrology of the felsic intrusions in the
... Opleiding Master of Science in de geologie ...
... Opleiding Master of Science in de geologie ...
Document
... Attempts were made to explain mountains by crustal cooling and contraction of Earth. However, even then evidence existed that the continents had moved. By 1950, submarine data had beg;un to show astonishing sea floor features. This eventually lead to “sea floor spreading” and “plate tectonics”, the ...
... Attempts were made to explain mountains by crustal cooling and contraction of Earth. However, even then evidence existed that the continents had moved. By 1950, submarine data had beg;un to show astonishing sea floor features. This eventually lead to “sea floor spreading” and “plate tectonics”, the ...
Master Degree in Applied Geological Sciences
... different geodynamic settings. Permo-Jurassic evolution of the lithosphere in the Mediterranean area. Presentday evolution of the lithosphere in the Mediterranean area. Field excursion aimed at studying the nearly complete section of continental crust of the Adria plate exposed in the Southern Alps ...
... different geodynamic settings. Permo-Jurassic evolution of the lithosphere in the Mediterranean area. Presentday evolution of the lithosphere in the Mediterranean area. Field excursion aimed at studying the nearly complete section of continental crust of the Adria plate exposed in the Southern Alps ...
... and the Costal Range of the Philippine Sea plate (Fig. 1). It is considered as the collision suture between the two fastconverging plates (Ho, 1986; Tsai, 1986). The Longitudinal Valley extends for about 160 km along the north-northeast– south-southwest orientation with less than 10 km width in most ...
The Architecture, Chemistry, and Evolution of Continental Magmatic
... Below we describe the major subduction-related arcs of the Americas, other significant arcs in the geologic record, and some of the tilted sections that expose deeper segments of arcs. 2.4.1. Extinct arcs. The western North American Cordillera comprises a continuous belt of arc products (mostly intru ...
... Below we describe the major subduction-related arcs of the Americas, other significant arcs in the geologic record, and some of the tilted sections that expose deeper segments of arcs. 2.4.1. Extinct arcs. The western North American Cordillera comprises a continuous belt of arc products (mostly intru ...
Far-reaching transient motions after Mojave
... Figure 2. (a) Weighted misfit as a function of the depth interval (defined by thin gray lines) at which viscoelastic flow is allowed to occur P (i.e. this is a composite of results from 12 models of flow at various depths). We quantify misfit (WSSR) as sqrt[(1/m) (do dc)2/s2], where do and dc are th ...
... Figure 2. (a) Weighted misfit as a function of the depth interval (defined by thin gray lines) at which viscoelastic flow is allowed to occur P (i.e. this is a composite of results from 12 models of flow at various depths). We quantify misfit (WSSR) as sqrt[(1/m) (do dc)2/s2], where do and dc are th ...
Sabzevar Ophiolite, NE Iran - The University of Texas at Dallas
... The Sabzevar–Torbat-e-Heydarieh ophiolite belt (STOB) is situated in NE Iran (Fig. 1). It extends E-W for over 400 km and is bordered to the north by the major Sangbast–Shandiz strike–slip fault delimiting the Binalud Mountains (Kopet Dagh). To the south, this belt is bounded by the major Dorouneh s ...
... The Sabzevar–Torbat-e-Heydarieh ophiolite belt (STOB) is situated in NE Iran (Fig. 1). It extends E-W for over 400 km and is bordered to the north by the major Sangbast–Shandiz strike–slip fault delimiting the Binalud Mountains (Kopet Dagh). To the south, this belt is bounded by the major Dorouneh s ...
GEOLOGY OF MINNESOTA: A Centennial Volume
... A CENTENNIAL VOLUME In honor of George M. Schwartz ...
... A CENTENNIAL VOLUME In honor of George M. Schwartz ...
Baltic Shield
The Baltic Shield (sometimes referred to as the Fennoscandian Shield) is located in Fennoscandia (Norway, Sweden and Finland), northwest Russia and under the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Shield is defined as the exposed Precambrian northwest segment of the East European Craton. It is composed mostly of Archean and Proterozoic gneisses and greenstones which have undergone numerous deformations through tectonic activity (see Geology of Fennoscandia map [1]). The Baltic Shield contains the oldest rocks of the European continent. The lithospheric thickness is about 200-300 km. During the Pleistocene epoch, great continental ice sheets scoured and depressed the shield's surface, leaving a thin covering of glacial material and innumerable lakes and streams. The Baltic Shield is still rebounding today following the melting of the thick glaciers during the Quaternary Period.