Episodic memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal–anterior thalamic
... subthalamus). The hippocampal efferents to the medial diencephalon are regarded as vital for normal hippocampal activity and are, hence, seen as functional extensions of the hippocampus (Fig. 1). The principal thalamic targets in this system are the anterior thalamic nuclei. These nuclei receive dir ...
... subthalamus). The hippocampal efferents to the medial diencephalon are regarded as vital for normal hippocampal activity and are, hence, seen as functional extensions of the hippocampus (Fig. 1). The principal thalamic targets in this system are the anterior thalamic nuclei. These nuclei receive dir ...
Open interconnected model of basal ganglia
... symptoms as a result of damage to only one station in one of the circuits. Thus, whereas the closed segregated organization provides a framework whereby damage to different stations of an individual circuit results in selective disturbances of motor, cognitive, or emotional behaviors, the open inter ...
... symptoms as a result of damage to only one station in one of the circuits. Thus, whereas the closed segregated organization provides a framework whereby damage to different stations of an individual circuit results in selective disturbances of motor, cognitive, or emotional behaviors, the open inter ...
Cortical evolution and development: Conserved
... into neural coding in both sensory and motor systems (and they were, but not in the way anticipated). Researchers imagined isomorphic specializations in the nervous systems of both the senders and the receivers, from the sensory periphery on into the central nervous system. While there must be some ...
... into neural coding in both sensory and motor systems (and they were, but not in the way anticipated). Researchers imagined isomorphic specializations in the nervous systems of both the senders and the receivers, from the sensory periphery on into the central nervous system. While there must be some ...
Monoaminergic dysfunction in recreational users of
... TMT and RAVLT were grouped and SART was analyzed in a separate MANOVA as well as results for mood and impulsivity questionnaires. Striatal DAT binding ratios measured with SPECT for whole striatum and putamen and caudate nucleus separately were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. PhMRI data was an ...
... TMT and RAVLT were grouped and SART was analyzed in a separate MANOVA as well as results for mood and impulsivity questionnaires. Striatal DAT binding ratios measured with SPECT for whole striatum and putamen and caudate nucleus separately were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. PhMRI data was an ...
Beginnings of a theory of autobiographical remembering
... For the last few decades psychologists have viewed human memory as an analog of computer memory with its encoding, storage, and retrieval of information. We have concentrated on data structures and retrieval schemes, neglecting the different natures of the informational, sensory, emotional, and phen ...
... For the last few decades psychologists have viewed human memory as an analog of computer memory with its encoding, storage, and retrieval of information. We have concentrated on data structures and retrieval schemes, neglecting the different natures of the informational, sensory, emotional, and phen ...
Background Paper 3 - Yale School of Medicine
... from amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) — associated with markers of brain atrophy and often a prelude to AD. A major goal of research in the neurobiology of cognitive aging has been to define the extent to which age-related biological changes represent correlates of impaired or maintained cog ...
... from amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) — associated with markers of brain atrophy and often a prelude to AD. A major goal of research in the neurobiology of cognitive aging has been to define the extent to which age-related biological changes represent correlates of impaired or maintained cog ...
Discovery of a Proneurogenic, Neuroprotective
... survival of newborn neurons to be important screening parameters, we conducted our screen over 7 days in order to detect molecules that might augment either process. This was based on pulse-chase experiments with a single injection of BrdU, under identical conditions to our screen, which revealed th ...
... survival of newborn neurons to be important screening parameters, we conducted our screen over 7 days in order to detect molecules that might augment either process. This was based on pulse-chase experiments with a single injection of BrdU, under identical conditions to our screen, which revealed th ...
group 3 - users.miamioh.edu
... material effect on the individual’s well-being and are infrequently followed by direct external responses of a goal-oriented nature (Krumhansl, 1997). The flaw is within the reaction, for it is plausible that these two radically different kinds of eliciting conditions will lead to different kinds of ...
... material effect on the individual’s well-being and are infrequently followed by direct external responses of a goal-oriented nature (Krumhansl, 1997). The flaw is within the reaction, for it is plausible that these two radically different kinds of eliciting conditions will lead to different kinds of ...
Model of autism: increased ratio of excitationinhibition in key neural
... memory and cognition), along with social and affiliative behaviors. Furthermore, roughly 30% of autistic individuals develop clinically apparent seizures (Gillberg & Billstedt 2000) and 50–70% of autistic children have ongoing ‘sharp spike’ activity documented in sleeping EEG or magnetoencephalograp ...
... memory and cognition), along with social and affiliative behaviors. Furthermore, roughly 30% of autistic individuals develop clinically apparent seizures (Gillberg & Billstedt 2000) and 50–70% of autistic children have ongoing ‘sharp spike’ activity documented in sleeping EEG or magnetoencephalograp ...
basal ganglia and cerebellum Action selection and refinement in
... demonstrate that Replicate has several benchmark properties of serial order recall that have been studied with lists of more cognitive items. (b) Functional neuroimaging of Replicate For our brain imaging study, we employed a control task referred to as Chase. In Chase, a sequence of location cues a ...
... demonstrate that Replicate has several benchmark properties of serial order recall that have been studied with lists of more cognitive items. (b) Functional neuroimaging of Replicate For our brain imaging study, we employed a control task referred to as Chase. In Chase, a sequence of location cues a ...
Parallel contributions of distinct human memory systems during
... projection from the hippocampus to the ventral medial caudate nucleus in the rodent (Jung et al., 2003). Combining this information with the knowledge of the existence of multiple spiral loops between the striatum and the midbrain dopaminergic centers (Haber, 2003), it is plausible that there may be ...
... projection from the hippocampus to the ventral medial caudate nucleus in the rodent (Jung et al., 2003). Combining this information with the knowledge of the existence of multiple spiral loops between the striatum and the midbrain dopaminergic centers (Haber, 2003), it is plausible that there may be ...
Cerebellar Affective Syndrome Expanding Our Thinking About the
... SCA=Superior cerebellar artery (basilar artery branch) supplies most of cerebellar cortex, nuclei, superior vermis, middle/superior cerebellar peduncles AICA=Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (basilar artery branch) supplies to anterior portion of the inferior cerebellum, FN, as well as CN 7,8. Ob ...
... SCA=Superior cerebellar artery (basilar artery branch) supplies most of cerebellar cortex, nuclei, superior vermis, middle/superior cerebellar peduncles AICA=Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (basilar artery branch) supplies to anterior portion of the inferior cerebellum, FN, as well as CN 7,8. Ob ...
Combining electroencephalographic activity and
... significant correlations were found for the α (8–12 Hz) [48–52], β (13–30 Hz) [49,50,53] and γ (>30 Hz) bands [53,54], the psychophysiological meaning of such associations is still ill-defined. For instance, complexity of HRV series was used to predict changes in the EEG α band after stress [48]. Ho ...
... significant correlations were found for the α (8–12 Hz) [48–52], β (13–30 Hz) [49,50,53] and γ (>30 Hz) bands [53,54], the psychophysiological meaning of such associations is still ill-defined. For instance, complexity of HRV series was used to predict changes in the EEG α band after stress [48]. Ho ...
Neural and cognitive mechanisms underlying human
... It was later determined that this surgery included the bilateral resection of his amygdala, hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and perirhinal cortex, and the anterior portions of his parahippocampal cortex (Corkin, Amaral, Gonzalez, Johnson, & Hyman, 1997) ...
... It was later determined that this surgery included the bilateral resection of his amygdala, hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and perirhinal cortex, and the anterior portions of his parahippocampal cortex (Corkin, Amaral, Gonzalez, Johnson, & Hyman, 1997) ...
Ch. 3–Biological Basis of Behavior PPT
... Describe the parts of the nervous system /endocrine system/brain activated in this situation and what they are doing in Crazy Eddie’s body: Crazy Eddie, the professional wrestler, is in the ring wrestling. The crowd is yelling and his opponent is taunting him. Eddie yells back at his opponent. The t ...
... Describe the parts of the nervous system /endocrine system/brain activated in this situation and what they are doing in Crazy Eddie’s body: Crazy Eddie, the professional wrestler, is in the ring wrestling. The crowd is yelling and his opponent is taunting him. Eddie yells back at his opponent. The t ...
A simulation of parahippocampal and hippocampal structures guiding spatial navigation of
... behavioral transitions between sensory events in the environment and the temporal requirements of long-term potentiation. Data indicates that long-term potentiation is obtained with relatively brief delays between the pre-synaptic spike and the post-synaptic spike. Optimal delays for induction of lo ...
... behavioral transitions between sensory events in the environment and the temporal requirements of long-term potentiation. Data indicates that long-term potentiation is obtained with relatively brief delays between the pre-synaptic spike and the post-synaptic spike. Optimal delays for induction of lo ...
US Copyright Law
... pictures, it is important to utilize conventions for describing the relations of regions. In general, the terms we use were derived from those used by anatomists to describe similar relations in the body as a whole; therefore, the brain's orientation with respect to the body determines the coordinat ...
... pictures, it is important to utilize conventions for describing the relations of regions. In general, the terms we use were derived from those used by anatomists to describe similar relations in the body as a whole; therefore, the brain's orientation with respect to the body determines the coordinat ...
On the use of cognitive maps - David Redish
... behavior associated with cognitive maps implies the use of transition models in reinforcement learning algorithms. In contrast to model-free algorithms that depend on current experience only, model-based reinforcement algorithms represent sensory or state information beyond the modeled animal’s curr ...
... behavior associated with cognitive maps implies the use of transition models in reinforcement learning algorithms. In contrast to model-free algorithms that depend on current experience only, model-based reinforcement algorithms represent sensory or state information beyond the modeled animal’s curr ...
Subcortical loops through the basal ganglia
... a range of debilitating clinical conditions whose most obvious manifestations are disturbances in movement. It is increasingly recognized, however, that many of these disorders, including Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s chorea, schizophrenia, attention deficit disorder, Tourette’s syndrome and var ...
... a range of debilitating clinical conditions whose most obvious manifestations are disturbances in movement. It is increasingly recognized, however, that many of these disorders, including Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s chorea, schizophrenia, attention deficit disorder, Tourette’s syndrome and var ...
Limbic system
The limbic system (or paleomammalian brain) is a complex set of brain structures located on both sides of the thalamus, right under the cerebrum. It is not a separate system but a collection of structures from the telencephalon, diencephalon, and mesencephalon. It includes the olfactory bulbs, hippocampus, amygdala, anterior thalamic nuclei, fornix, columns of fornix, mammillary body, septum pellucidum, habenular commissure, cingulate gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, limbic cortex, and limbic midbrain areas.The limbic system supports a variety of functions including epinephrine flow, emotion, behavior, motivation, long-term memory, and olfaction. Emotional life is largely housed in the limbic system, and it has a great deal to do with the formation of memories.Although the term only originated in the 1940s, some neuroscientists, including Joseph LeDoux, have suggested that the concept of a functionally unified limbic system should be abandoned as obsolete because it is grounded mainly in historical concepts of brain anatomy that are no longer accepted as accurate.