L7-Brainstem Student..
... • (3) It has centers for Brainstem Reflexes , such as cough reflex , gag reflex , swallowing , and vomiting ; + visual & auditory orientation reflexes (required for head movements. through Superior & Inferior Colliculi ) • (4) Contributes to maintenance of body balance through the vestibular nucle ...
... • (3) It has centers for Brainstem Reflexes , such as cough reflex , gag reflex , swallowing , and vomiting ; + visual & auditory orientation reflexes (required for head movements. through Superior & Inferior Colliculi ) • (4) Contributes to maintenance of body balance through the vestibular nucle ...
Slide 1
... FIGURE 32.8 The brainstem and cerebellar circuits for controlling pursuit eye movements. During pursuit, the line of sight changes smoothly to follow the motion of the target. The smooth changes in eye velocity are often accompanied by small “corrective” saccades, indicated by the upward deflection ...
... FIGURE 32.8 The brainstem and cerebellar circuits for controlling pursuit eye movements. During pursuit, the line of sight changes smoothly to follow the motion of the target. The smooth changes in eye velocity are often accompanied by small “corrective” saccades, indicated by the upward deflection ...
the cerebral cortex
... Afferents : VPL, VPM Efferents : M I, thalamus (VPL, VPM), pontine ncc., nuclei of cranial nerves (V.), spinal cord 3a – signals from muscle spindles 3b – cutaneous receptors 2 – joint receptors 1 – all modalities ...
... Afferents : VPL, VPM Efferents : M I, thalamus (VPL, VPM), pontine ncc., nuclei of cranial nerves (V.), spinal cord 3a – signals from muscle spindles 3b – cutaneous receptors 2 – joint receptors 1 – all modalities ...
Exam - UBC Psychology`s Research Labs
... • Information received by the primary visual cortex is segregated into distinct pathways that project to areas of the secondary visual cortex and, then, the association visual cortex. • Two main pathways from the primary visual cortex have been identified: The ventral stream is associated with iden ...
... • Information received by the primary visual cortex is segregated into distinct pathways that project to areas of the secondary visual cortex and, then, the association visual cortex. • Two main pathways from the primary visual cortex have been identified: The ventral stream is associated with iden ...
The Visual System: Periphery and Retina
... density in the foveal region- this is the region you use for focus. In the foveal region, ganglion cells receive input from single cones (ultra-high acuity vision) while in peripheral retina there is extensive convergence for greater sensitivity and less acuity. ...
... density in the foveal region- this is the region you use for focus. In the foveal region, ganglion cells receive input from single cones (ultra-high acuity vision) while in peripheral retina there is extensive convergence for greater sensitivity and less acuity. ...
Cranial Nerve Locations CN I Olfactory ----------
... Major alternative route (to the corticospinal pathway) for controlling spinal motor neurons directly and regulating spinal reflexes e.g., tonic inhibition of flexor reflexes allows only noxious stimuli to produce this reflex (part of descending pathways influence pain perception) ...
... Major alternative route (to the corticospinal pathway) for controlling spinal motor neurons directly and regulating spinal reflexes e.g., tonic inhibition of flexor reflexes allows only noxious stimuli to produce this reflex (part of descending pathways influence pain perception) ...
A1984TF19600002
... tal projection in the pigeon; and neuroanatomy was enjoying a resurgence thanks to the3 ...
... tal projection in the pigeon; and neuroanatomy was enjoying a resurgence thanks to the3 ...
THE CEREBRAL CORTEX
... bound up with the prodigious abundance and unusual wealth of forms of the so-called neurons with the short axons. ...
... bound up with the prodigious abundance and unusual wealth of forms of the so-called neurons with the short axons. ...
Document
... Uses vestibular input to hold images stable on the retina during brief or rapid head movement ...
... Uses vestibular input to hold images stable on the retina during brief or rapid head movement ...
Revision material
... Describe the somatosensory pathways in the mammalian central nervous system. What are the principal differences between control of eye movements and limb movements? The fly employs a number of different sensory mechanisms to keep its eyes aligned with the external horizon irrespective body orientati ...
... Describe the somatosensory pathways in the mammalian central nervous system. What are the principal differences between control of eye movements and limb movements? The fly employs a number of different sensory mechanisms to keep its eyes aligned with the external horizon irrespective body orientati ...
Moran Furman
... based coordinates (“spatial stability”). Whereas early visual areas, such as V1, encode information in purely retinal coordinates, higher association areas of the cortex, such as the LIP in the parietal lobe and the FEF in the frontal lobe, adjust their responses during eye movements to compensate f ...
... based coordinates (“spatial stability”). Whereas early visual areas, such as V1, encode information in purely retinal coordinates, higher association areas of the cortex, such as the LIP in the parietal lobe and the FEF in the frontal lobe, adjust their responses during eye movements to compensate f ...
Slide ()
... limb of the diagonal band; DR, dorsal raphe; FX, fornix; IC, inferior colliculus; LC, locus ceruleus; LDT, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus; MCP, middle cerebellar peduncle; MGN, medial geniculate nucleus; MR, median raphe; MS, medial septum; MTT, mammillothalamic tract; NTS, nucleus tractus solitariu ...
... limb of the diagonal band; DR, dorsal raphe; FX, fornix; IC, inferior colliculus; LC, locus ceruleus; LDT, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus; MCP, middle cerebellar peduncle; MGN, medial geniculate nucleus; MR, median raphe; MS, medial septum; MTT, mammillothalamic tract; NTS, nucleus tractus solitariu ...
Slide ()
... limb of the diagonal band; DR, dorsal raphe; FX, fornix; IC, inferior colliculus; LC, locus ceruleus; LDT, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus; MCP, middle cerebellar peduncle; MGN, medial geniculate nucleus; MR, median raphe; MS, medial septum; MTT, mammillothalamic tract; NTS, nucleus tractus solitariu ...
... limb of the diagonal band; DR, dorsal raphe; FX, fornix; IC, inferior colliculus; LC, locus ceruleus; LDT, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus; MCP, middle cerebellar peduncle; MGN, medial geniculate nucleus; MR, median raphe; MS, medial septum; MTT, mammillothalamic tract; NTS, nucleus tractus solitariu ...
Document
... V6, a higher order visual area of the dorsomedial visual stream directly connected with the primary visual area V1 [6]. Area V6A is also linked, directly, with the dorsal premotor cortex ...
... V6, a higher order visual area of the dorsomedial visual stream directly connected with the primary visual area V1 [6]. Area V6A is also linked, directly, with the dorsal premotor cortex ...
FIGURE LEGENDS FIGURE 32.1 Eye movements that stabilize
... the interstitial nucleus of Cajal (IC), the vestibular nuclei (VN), and the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH). The medial longitudinal fasciculus (mlf) is a major fiber tract containing the axons of these neurons. Other abbreviation: MB, mammillary body of the hypothalamus. FIGURE 32.5 The firing ...
... the interstitial nucleus of Cajal (IC), the vestibular nuclei (VN), and the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH). The medial longitudinal fasciculus (mlf) is a major fiber tract containing the axons of these neurons. Other abbreviation: MB, mammillary body of the hypothalamus. FIGURE 32.5 The firing ...
Exam 3 2008 - student.ahc.umn.edu
... do so in writing on the sheet provided (the last page of these questions (page 6)). We will take into account such qualifications prior to establishing the final version of the "Key". In order for your written qualifications to be considered, they must be turned in with your answer sheet, and you mu ...
... do so in writing on the sheet provided (the last page of these questions (page 6)). We will take into account such qualifications prior to establishing the final version of the "Key". In order for your written qualifications to be considered, they must be turned in with your answer sheet, and you mu ...
Vision
... This is coded on to layers in V1 So top is top layer, etc Cortical cells have receptive fields too Receptive field in cortex relates to much bigger area that receptive field in retina, so , many ganglion cells Only adjacent areas of visual field in centre have colossal connections ...
... This is coded on to layers in V1 So top is top layer, etc Cortical cells have receptive fields too Receptive field in cortex relates to much bigger area that receptive field in retina, so , many ganglion cells Only adjacent areas of visual field in centre have colossal connections ...
Vision - Dave Brodbeck
... • This is coded on to layers in V1 • So top is top layer, etc • Cortical cells have receptive fields too • Receptive field in cortex relates to much bigger area that receptive field in retina, so , many ganglion cells • Only adjacent areas of visual field in centre have colossal connections ...
... • This is coded on to layers in V1 • So top is top layer, etc • Cortical cells have receptive fields too • Receptive field in cortex relates to much bigger area that receptive field in retina, so , many ganglion cells • Only adjacent areas of visual field in centre have colossal connections ...
Slide ()
... Oculomotor neurons signal eye position and velocity. A. The record is from an abducens neuron of a monkey. When the eye is positioned in the medial side of the orbit the cell is silent (position Θ0) . As the monkey makes a lateral saccade there is a burst of firing (D1), but in the new position (Θ1) ...
... Oculomotor neurons signal eye position and velocity. A. The record is from an abducens neuron of a monkey. When the eye is positioned in the medial side of the orbit the cell is silent (position Θ0) . As the monkey makes a lateral saccade there is a burst of firing (D1), but in the new position (Θ1) ...
review-13
... Neurons at all levels of saccadic eye movement circuitry are sensitive to reward. LIP: lateral intra-parietal cortex. Neurons involved in initiating a ...
... Neurons at all levels of saccadic eye movement circuitry are sensitive to reward. LIP: lateral intra-parietal cortex. Neurons involved in initiating a ...
Structure of the Brain
... sulcus and the postcentral gyrus. Controls touch sensations and information from muscle stretch receptors as well as touch and body location) - Temporal lobe (locate near the temples. Controls auditory information, perception of movement and facial recognition) - Frontal lobe (contains the primary m ...
... sulcus and the postcentral gyrus. Controls touch sensations and information from muscle stretch receptors as well as touch and body location) - Temporal lobe (locate near the temples. Controls auditory information, perception of movement and facial recognition) - Frontal lobe (contains the primary m ...
Superior colliculus
The superior colliculus, (Latin, upper hill) is a paired structure of the mammalian midbrain. In other vertebrates this is known as the optic tectum or simply tectum, and the adjective tectal may also be used. The superior colliculus forms a major component of the midbrain. The tectum is a layered structure, with a number of layers that varies by species. The superficial layers are sensory-related, and receive input from the eyes as well as other sensory systems. The deep layers are motor-related, capable of activating eye movements as well as other responses. There are also intermediate layers, with multi-sensory cells and motor properties.The general function of the tectal system is to direct behavioral responses toward specific points in egocentric (""body-centered"") space. Each layer of the tectum contains a topographic map of the surrounding world in retinotopic coordinates, and activation of neurons at a particular point in the map evokes a response directed toward the corresponding point in space. In primates, the superior colliculus has been studied mainly with respect to its role in directing eye movements. Visual input from the retina, or ""command"" input from the cerebral cortex, create a ""bump"" of activity in the tectal map, which, if strong enough, induces a saccadic eye movement. Even in primates, however, the tectum is also involved in generating spatially directed head turns, arm-reaching movements, and shifts in attention that do not involve any overt movements. In other species, the tectum is involved in a wide range of responses, including whole-body turns in walking rats, swimming fishes, or flying birds; tongue-strikes toward prey in frogs; fang-strikes in snakes; etc.In some vertebrates, including fish and birds, the tectum is one of the largest components of the brain. In mammals, and especially primates, the massive expansion of the cerebral cortex reduces the tectum (""superior colliculus"") to a much smaller fraction of the whole brain. It remains nonetheless important in terms of function as the primary integrating center for eye movements.Note on terminology: This article follows terminology established in the literature for the analogous structure in mammals/non-mammals (see above), using the term ""superior colliculus"" when discussing mammals and ""optic tectum"" when discussing either specific non-mammalian species or vertebrates in general.