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structural organization
structural organization

... with multiple subunits, may be identical or different.Subunits have a defined arrangement held together by weak, noncovalent interactions (hydrophobic, H bonds,ionic bonds) .There are two major categories of proteins with quaternary structure - fibrous and globular. ...
Chemistry in Living Things - Mercer Island School District
Chemistry in Living Things - Mercer Island School District

... Secondary structure: Regular folding or pleating Tertiary structure: _______________ ____________________________ Quaternary structure: Proteins that have more than one polypeptide chain joined together. Animation: http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/proteins/ protein%20structure.swf ...
Lecture 3
Lecture 3

... with multiple subunits, may be identical or different.Subunits have a defined arrangement held together by weak, noncovalent interactions (hydrophobic, H bonds,ionic bonds) .There are two major categories of proteins with quaternary structure - fibrous and globular. ...
Cellulase gene cloning
Cellulase gene cloning

... Copies of cellulase genes: egl1 (cel7b), cbh2 (cel6a) and bgl1 (cel3a) were generated from cDNA prepared from T. reesei RNA using reverse primers listed in Table S1. The accession numbers for egl1, cbh2 and bgl1 are M15665.1, M55080.1 and U09580.1 respectively. For RNA extraction T. reesei cultures ...
F212 2.1.1 Biological Molecules Proteins
F212 2.1.1 Biological Molecules Proteins

... • Our bodies need essential proteins, from our diet and non-essential proteins which the body can synthesise. (Despite the names the body needs all of them to function!) ...
Principles of Protein Structure
Principles of Protein Structure

... Motifs, Topologies and Folds: α-helical C ...
MATERIALS AND METHODS Materials All chemicals used in the
MATERIALS AND METHODS Materials All chemicals used in the

... All chemicals used in the study were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich chemical company St Louis, USA, and were of highest purity available. Size exclusion chromatographic (SEC) column was purchased from GE Healthcare Bioscience and NiNTA agarose from Quiagen. Milli Q water was used for all experimental ...
Functional and Structural Characterization of a Prokaryotic Peptide
Functional and Structural Characterization of a Prokaryotic Peptide

... from genomic DNA by PCR with primers (5⬘-3⬘) AAAAAGCTTATGTCCACTGCAAACCAAAAAC and AAACTCGAGCGCTACGGCTGCTTTCGC. PCR products were digested with HindIII/XhoI and ligated into pET-21 vector (T7 promotor, C-terminal hexahistidine tag, Novagen). A ribosomal binding site (rbs) (AAGGAG) was added 7 bases 5⬘ ...
1. Name the two major divisions of metabolism, and
1. Name the two major divisions of metabolism, and

... Enzymes are named for the substrate they act upon. The root of the enzyme name typically comes from the substrate and the suffix -ASE is added at the end. For example, the enzyme lactase acts upon the substrate lactose. And the enzyme lipase acts upon a substrate lipid or fat. In extreme conditions, ...
Current Microbiology 40:
Current Microbiology 40:

... enhancement of phosphate diffusion [1], inorganic phosphates in the soil may become more available for uptake by the roots of plants. The solubilization of organic phosphate is carried out by bacteria with the help of phosphatase enzymes, especially acid phosphatases, which play the major role in or ...
GPI Anchor
GPI Anchor

... localization by facilitating protein-membrane interactions as well as protein-protein interactions. 2.Myristoylated proteins are crucial components of a wide variety of functions, including many signaling pathways, oncogenesis or viral replication. ...
PCR-based gene synthesis to produce recombinant proteins for
PCR-based gene synthesis to produce recombinant proteins for

... out their own gene synthesis projects in their home laboratories if gene synthesis procedures can be streamlined and performed without intricate manipulations. In addition, combining feasible gene synthesis techniques with quick cloning methods into recombinant expression systems without extensive e ...
Chapter 17: From Gene to Protein
Chapter 17: From Gene to Protein

... 20. Describe the structure and functions of tRNA. 21. Explain the significance of wobble. 22. Explain how tRNA is joined to the appropriate amino acid. 23. Describe the structure and functions of ribosomes. 24. Describe the process of translation (including initiation, elongation, and termination) a ...
What are mitochondria? Mitochondria are the
What are mitochondria? Mitochondria are the

... letting them speculate on the future of synthetic biology.The children were then given the opportunity to isolate DNA from bananas by themselves, which they took home after workshops on what biology means to them. ...
Document
Document

... MOLECULAR BIOLOGY TECHNIQUES III. analysis of gene expression ...
(Conjugated) Proteins in the SPC
(Conjugated) Proteins in the SPC

... content basis, the filling of the product is based on this parameter and that all dosing recommendations are based on the protein content, it is reasonable that the product literature reflects this while not neglecting the overall structure of the molecule. The Summary of Product Characteristics (SP ...
Proteins2[1]
Proteins2[1]

... – Change in pH: alters ionization states of aa – Detergents: interfere with hydrophobic interactions – Chaotropic agents: ions or small organic molecules that disrupt hydrophobic interactions ...
Glutamate Synthase - Blue Valley Schools
Glutamate Synthase - Blue Valley Schools

... and trying to determine our relationship to other life forms. In Aristotle’s time, we were only aware of two categories of organisms: animals and plants. In the 1950’s, after the advent of the microscope and a more thorough analysis and synthesis of the information regarding the life on Earth, Whitt ...
Beta sheets are twisted
Beta sheets are twisted

... Diseases Caused by Protein Misfolding Alzheimer’s disease Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) Amyloidoses ...
Lecture 12
Lecture 12

... Prions – Proteinaceous infectious particles (proteins) Prions cause neurodegenerative diseases. (transmitted independent of DNA or RNA) • Prion related protein (PrPC) is a normal protein found in cells. • PrPC has chances to spontaneously form PrPSC, the infectious prion. • PrPSC interacts with norm ...
ELUCIDATION OF A PERIBACTEROID MEMBRANE
ELUCIDATION OF A PERIBACTEROID MEMBRANE

... Numerous people have assisted me over the course of my PhD. There are those who have assisted directly in my scientific endeavours, and indirectly in keeping me on a relatively even keel, and those that have helped in both. My thanks go to my supervisors Brent Kaiser and Steve Tyerman, who took me o ...
(A) and B chains - Michael P. Ready
(A) and B chains - Michael P. Ready

... RIP (ricin-A, ricin-B, and lectin RCAA and RCA-B from castor bean; abrin-A, abrina/b-B, and agglutinin APA-A and APA-B from A. precatorius; SNAI-A and SNAI-B, SNAV-A and SNAV-B, SNAI'-A and SNAI'-B, LRPSN1-A and LRPSN1-B, LRPSN2-A and LRPSN2-B, and SNAIV from S. nigra; sieboldinb-A, sieboldinb-B, SS ...
Curriculum Vitae
Curriculum Vitae

... 2010-2016 Ph.D. in Botany, specialization in molecular biology, SIPPE, SIBS, CAS, Shanghai, China. 2006-2010 B.S. in Biotechnology, National training base for life science, Nanjing Agricultural Universtiy, Nanjing, China. Interests: biomedical research, plant metabolism, molecular biology, and intra ...
Safety Considerations for Retroviral Vectors: A Short Review`
Safety Considerations for Retroviral Vectors: A Short Review`

... virus entry may occur in the absence of specific receptor binding . The vector sequence is reverse transcribed into DNA, and the two retroviral LTR and the viral integrase mediate integration of the vector sequence into the target cell DNA. The integrated vector DNA becomes a permanent part of the t ...
Protein: Amino Acids - Resource Sites
Protein: Amino Acids - Resource Sites

... –HCl –Pepsinogen (proenzyme)  pepsin (enzyme) –Splits peptide bonds, short proteins ...
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Expression vector

An expression vector, otherwise known as an expression construct, is usually a plasmid or virus designed for protein expression in cells. The vector is used to introduce a specific gene into a target cell, and can commandeer the cell's mechanism for protein synthesis to produce the protein encoded by the gene. Expression vectors are the basic tools in biotechnology for the production of proteins.The plasmid is engineered to contain regulatory sequences that act as enhancer and promoter regions and lead to efficient transcription of the gene carried on the expression vector. The goal of a well-designed expression vector is the production of protein, and this may be achieve by the production of significant amount of stable messenger RNA, which can then be translated into protein. The protein may be expressed constitutively, or induced when necessary using an inducer. Escherichia coli is commonly used as the host for protein expression, other cell types however may also be used. An example of the use of expression vector is the production of insulin which is used for medical treatments of diabetes.
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