7404_2-qp-chemistry-as-10june16-pm
... For confidentiality purposes, from the November 2015 examination series, acknowledgements of third party copyright material will be published in a separate booklet rather than including them on the examination paper or support materials. This booklet is published after each examination series and is ...
... For confidentiality purposes, from the November 2015 examination series, acknowledgements of third party copyright material will be published in a separate booklet rather than including them on the examination paper or support materials. This booklet is published after each examination series and is ...
![T_AllylCF3paperBM[5]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/003584459_1-3decab572f7fca68901a941affab18ea-300x300.png)
T_AllylCF3paperBM[5]
... to control fluorinated compounds transformations very effectively. CF3-substituted carbocations are very promising but still rare type of fluorinated species exhibited high electrophilicity and selectivity.3 The present work is a continuation of our investigations on electrophilic activation of alke ...
... to control fluorinated compounds transformations very effectively. CF3-substituted carbocations are very promising but still rare type of fluorinated species exhibited high electrophilicity and selectivity.3 The present work is a continuation of our investigations on electrophilic activation of alke ...
In Situ Soft X‑ray Absorption Spectroscopy Applied to Solid
... since the absorption peak of EtOH is observed in the energy region higher than 286.4 eV (Figure 1a), the fitting analyses have been carried out in the energy region from 284 to 286.4 eV. As a result, all of the in situ spectra, except for the energy scans of the in situ N K-edge XAS from 84 to 120 mi ...
... since the absorption peak of EtOH is observed in the energy region higher than 286.4 eV (Figure 1a), the fitting analyses have been carried out in the energy region from 284 to 286.4 eV. As a result, all of the in situ spectra, except for the energy scans of the in situ N K-edge XAS from 84 to 120 mi ...
9851a doc..9851a chapter .. Page97
... with water at these levels in the ionic liquid. Using the TPAP/NMO/[bmim][BF4] system it was found that the oxidation of benzylic and allylic hydroxyl groups proceeded smoothly to give good yields within 2 h. In the case of entry 2 of Table 2 no double bond cleavage was observed and no other product ...
... with water at these levels in the ionic liquid. Using the TPAP/NMO/[bmim][BF4] system it was found that the oxidation of benzylic and allylic hydroxyl groups proceeded smoothly to give good yields within 2 h. In the case of entry 2 of Table 2 no double bond cleavage was observed and no other product ...
conversion of the OH group into a better leaving group, and
... • Substitution reactions do not occur with alcohols unless ¯OH is converted into a good leaving group. ...
... • Substitution reactions do not occur with alcohols unless ¯OH is converted into a good leaving group. ...
Ch. 09 Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides
... • The reaction of alcohols with HX (X = Cl, Br, I) is a general method to prepare 1°, 2°, and 3° alkyl halides. ...
... • The reaction of alcohols with HX (X = Cl, Br, I) is a general method to prepare 1°, 2°, and 3° alkyl halides. ...
Dehydration of n-propanol and methanol to produce
... Abstract: An ether is an organic compound that consists of an oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups. In this work, we investigate the bimolecular dehydration of two alcohols, n-propanol and methanol with catalysts that are used in transesterification. Experiments were carried out to evaluat ...
... Abstract: An ether is an organic compound that consists of an oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups. In this work, we investigate the bimolecular dehydration of two alcohols, n-propanol and methanol with catalysts that are used in transesterification. Experiments were carried out to evaluat ...
Characterization of Amide Bond Conformers for a Novel
... The resonance effect between the lone pair on the nitrogen sp2 atom and the carbonyl π bond contributes to the double bond character of the amides in the planar form. In this context, the resonance structure 3 is considered more significant for the double bond character and rotational barrier [21]. ...
... The resonance effect between the lone pair on the nitrogen sp2 atom and the carbonyl π bond contributes to the double bond character of the amides in the planar form. In this context, the resonance structure 3 is considered more significant for the double bond character and rotational barrier [21]. ...
Topic 16 notes - A
... Optical isomers are often found together in a mixture in equal quantities. The opposite effect they have on the rotation of plane polarised light will thus result in no overall rotation. An equimolar mixture of two optical isomers will thus have no effect on plane polarised light and is thus not opt ...
... Optical isomers are often found together in a mixture in equal quantities. The opposite effect they have on the rotation of plane polarised light will thus result in no overall rotation. An equimolar mixture of two optical isomers will thus have no effect on plane polarised light and is thus not opt ...
Direct organocatalytic enantioselective a-aminomethylation
... the first examples of direct catalytic asymmetric aza-Diels– Alder reactions.24 For example, the proline-catalyzed aza-Diels–Alder reaction between p-anisidine, aqueous formaldehyde and 2-cyclohexenone 1h furnished the azaDiels–Alder product 4a in 75% yield and O99% ee ...
... the first examples of direct catalytic asymmetric aza-Diels– Alder reactions.24 For example, the proline-catalyzed aza-Diels–Alder reaction between p-anisidine, aqueous formaldehyde and 2-cyclohexenone 1h furnished the azaDiels–Alder product 4a in 75% yield and O99% ee ...
Reduction Reactions
... A number of methods have been developed for forming the anti-1,3-diol from the corresponding chiral 2-hydroxy-ketone. All rely on the so-called DIRECTED REDUCTION which takes advantage of the intramolecular hydride transfer through a well-defined 6membered chair-like transition state (compare: Meerw ...
... A number of methods have been developed for forming the anti-1,3-diol from the corresponding chiral 2-hydroxy-ketone. All rely on the so-called DIRECTED REDUCTION which takes advantage of the intramolecular hydride transfer through a well-defined 6membered chair-like transition state (compare: Meerw ...
When 1°, 2°, aromatic amines or aryl amines . (Rand
... It is believed that sulphonation of amines proceeds by a mechanism that is entirely different from ordinary aromatic substitution. Sulphanilic acid (p-Aminobenzenesulphonic acid) is a salt of special type, called a dipolar ion* (sometimes called a Zwitterion). It is formed by the reaction of on acid ...
... It is believed that sulphonation of amines proceeds by a mechanism that is entirely different from ordinary aromatic substitution. Sulphanilic acid (p-Aminobenzenesulphonic acid) is a salt of special type, called a dipolar ion* (sometimes called a Zwitterion). It is formed by the reaction of on acid ...
The 9-Phenyl-9-fluorenyl Group for Nitrogen Protection in
... protect the α-center. For example in the case of esters, this could be further explained as follows: the most favorable conformation for deprotonation is one in which the α-hydrogen-carbon bond lies in a plane orthogonal to the plane of the carbonyl system, allowing for maximum orbital overlap as th ...
... protect the α-center. For example in the case of esters, this could be further explained as follows: the most favorable conformation for deprotonation is one in which the α-hydrogen-carbon bond lies in a plane orthogonal to the plane of the carbonyl system, allowing for maximum orbital overlap as th ...
Organometallic Compounds: Alkyllithium Reagent
... Alcohols from Carbonyls and Grignard Reagents Esters react with two molecules of Grignard reagents to form tert-alcohols ...
... Alcohols from Carbonyls and Grignard Reagents Esters react with two molecules of Grignard reagents to form tert-alcohols ...
Organic Chemistry Durham School Board March
... Some examples of common organic compounds include methane (CH4), propane (C3H8), and butane, (C4H10). Organic compounds are also the main component of plants and animals, and account for the wide diversity of living organisms on our planet. The main reason for this diversity is the unique bonding na ...
... Some examples of common organic compounds include methane (CH4), propane (C3H8), and butane, (C4H10). Organic compounds are also the main component of plants and animals, and account for the wide diversity of living organisms on our planet. The main reason for this diversity is the unique bonding na ...
Oxidation and Reduction
... Broader definition of oxidation and reduction respectively refer to the loss and gain of electrons, or an increase in oxidation number (oxidation) and a decrease in oxidation number (reduction). In organic chemistry, the gain of oxygen or loss of hydrogen is often referred to as oxidation. In practi ...
... Broader definition of oxidation and reduction respectively refer to the loss and gain of electrons, or an increase in oxidation number (oxidation) and a decrease in oxidation number (reduction). In organic chemistry, the gain of oxygen or loss of hydrogen is often referred to as oxidation. In practi ...
CHAPTER TWO SOLID STATE REACTIONS 2.0 Introduction The
... The complex Fe(phen)(H2O)3SO4 (where phen is 1,10-phenanthroline) is reported to be produced from the solid state reaction of FeSO4.7H2O and 1,10-phenanthroline at 70 oC [57]. Solution reaction of the two reagents has often produced [Fe(phen)3][SO4]. The complex [Fe(phen)(H2O)3][SO4] resulting from ...
... The complex Fe(phen)(H2O)3SO4 (where phen is 1,10-phenanthroline) is reported to be produced from the solid state reaction of FeSO4.7H2O and 1,10-phenanthroline at 70 oC [57]. Solution reaction of the two reagents has often produced [Fe(phen)3][SO4]. The complex [Fe(phen)(H2O)3][SO4] resulting from ...
Development of New Synthetic Routes to Organoboronates by Catalytic Allylic Substitution and
... often associated with problems, such as low regio- and stereoselectivity as well as poor functional group tolerance, milder methods are required for obtaining functionalized derivatives. The use of transition metal catalysis has shown to be an efficient alternative route for the synthesis of various ...
... often associated with problems, such as low regio- and stereoselectivity as well as poor functional group tolerance, milder methods are required for obtaining functionalized derivatives. The use of transition metal catalysis has shown to be an efficient alternative route for the synthesis of various ...
Preparation of Cyclic Urethanes from Amino Alcohols and Carbon
... viewpoints. Cyclic urethanes are produced from amino alcohols and CO2 even in the absence of catalysts, but, unfortunately, their yields are low [11,16,18]. Desirable high yields can be achieved by employing stoichiometrically consumed dehydration [12,13] or deoxygenation reagents [14,15]. However, ...
... viewpoints. Cyclic urethanes are produced from amino alcohols and CO2 even in the absence of catalysts, but, unfortunately, their yields are low [11,16,18]. Desirable high yields can be achieved by employing stoichiometrically consumed dehydration [12,13] or deoxygenation reagents [14,15]. However, ...
07. Aldehydes and ketones
... 4. Reactions of condensation 1). Aldol condensation As noted earlier, an aldehyde is partially converted to its enolate anion by bases such as hydroxide ion and alkoxide ions. This type of condensations is character for aldehydes which have hydrogen atoms at the α-carbon atom. ...
... 4. Reactions of condensation 1). Aldol condensation As noted earlier, an aldehyde is partially converted to its enolate anion by bases such as hydroxide ion and alkoxide ions. This type of condensations is character for aldehydes which have hydrogen atoms at the α-carbon atom. ...
Ch. 17Notes - U of L Class Index
... Nucleophilic addition of alcohols: formation of Acetals (sometimes called Ketals) ...
... Nucleophilic addition of alcohols: formation of Acetals (sometimes called Ketals) ...
Chemistry 162 Workbook 10.6
... Namin g Alkenes, A lkynes, & Aromatics Please complete the following table either by providing the name or the structure of the compound. Don’t worry about cis and trans nomenclature but please use ortho, meta & ...
... Namin g Alkenes, A lkynes, & Aromatics Please complete the following table either by providing the name or the structure of the compound. Don’t worry about cis and trans nomenclature but please use ortho, meta & ...
Chapter 4 Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry
... the ions that each contains. We then correlate these charged ionic species with the ones shown in the diagram. Solve: The diagram shows twice as many cations as anions, consistent with the formulation K 2SO4. Aqueous Check: Notice that the total net charge in the diagram is zero, as it must be if it ...
... the ions that each contains. We then correlate these charged ionic species with the ones shown in the diagram. Solve: The diagram shows twice as many cations as anions, consistent with the formulation K 2SO4. Aqueous Check: Notice that the total net charge in the diagram is zero, as it must be if it ...
Chapter 19. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
... a dipolar intermediate called a betaine The intermediate spontaneously decomposes through a four-membered ring to yield alkene and triphenylphosphine oxide, (Ph)3P=O Formation of the ylide is shown below ...
... a dipolar intermediate called a betaine The intermediate spontaneously decomposes through a four-membered ring to yield alkene and triphenylphosphine oxide, (Ph)3P=O Formation of the ylide is shown below ...
Ene reaction
The ene reaction (also known as the Alder-ene reaction) is a chemical reaction between an alkene with an allylic hydrogen (the ene) and a compound containing a multiple bond (the enophile), in order to form a new σ-bond with migration of the ene double bond and 1,5 hydrogen shift. The product is a substituted alkene with the double bond shifted to the allylic position.This transformation is a group transfer pericyclic reaction, and therefore, usually requires highly activated substrates and/or high temperatures. Nonetheless, the reaction is compatible with a wide variety of functional groups that can be appended to the ene and enophile moieties. Also,many useful Lewis acid-catalyzed ene reactions have been developed which can afford high yields and selectivities at significantly lower temperatures, making the ene reaction a useful C–C forming tool for the synthesis of complex molecules and natural products.