17. FARS to Language (2001) - USC
... A forkhead-domain gene is mutated in a severe speech and language disorder, Nature 413:519-523 We have studied a unique three-generation pedigree, KE, in which a severe speech and language disorder is transmitted as an autosomal-dominant monogenic trait. Our previous work mapped the locus responsibl ...
... A forkhead-domain gene is mutated in a severe speech and language disorder, Nature 413:519-523 We have studied a unique three-generation pedigree, KE, in which a severe speech and language disorder is transmitted as an autosomal-dominant monogenic trait. Our previous work mapped the locus responsibl ...
alzheimer-like changes of protein kinase b and glycogen synthase
... Two different types of insulin receptor (IR) have been found in adult mammalian brain, a peripheral type and a neuron-specific type of IR (Baskin et al., 1983). The major molecular structure and most of the biochemical properties of the neuronal IR are indistinguishable from those found in the perip ...
... Two different types of insulin receptor (IR) have been found in adult mammalian brain, a peripheral type and a neuron-specific type of IR (Baskin et al., 1983). The major molecular structure and most of the biochemical properties of the neuronal IR are indistinguishable from those found in the perip ...
Age-related differences in brain activity underlying identification of
... Finally, the insula is thought to be critically involved in perceiving disgust (Phillips et al., 1997; Sprengelmeyer et al., 1998; Calder et al., 2000; Anderson et al., 2003), likely due to its role in visceral and somatosensory responses (Adolphs, 2002). The effect of aging on social cognition has ...
... Finally, the insula is thought to be critically involved in perceiving disgust (Phillips et al., 1997; Sprengelmeyer et al., 1998; Calder et al., 2000; Anderson et al., 2003), likely due to its role in visceral and somatosensory responses (Adolphs, 2002). The effect of aging on social cognition has ...
ADA Compliant Lecture PowerPoint
... movement of the body? 2.10 What parts of the cortex are responsible for higher forms of thought, such as language? 2.11 How does the left side of the brain differ from the right side? 2.12 What are some potential causes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? ...
... movement of the body? 2.10 What parts of the cortex are responsible for higher forms of thought, such as language? 2.11 How does the left side of the brain differ from the right side? 2.12 What are some potential causes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? ...
Neural Networks
... They most often sit at the dendritic tree, but some also at the surface of a neuron. In many neuron types, these inputs are can trigger an action potential in the axon which makes connections with other dendrites. ...
... They most often sit at the dendritic tree, but some also at the surface of a neuron. In many neuron types, these inputs are can trigger an action potential in the axon which makes connections with other dendrites. ...
Sequencing the connectome. - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
... microscopy. Brainbow [16] can be used to trace axons and dendrites over considerable distance. This technique relies on stochastic and combinatorial expression of several fluorophores (XFPs). Each neuron expresses a random collection of up to four different XFPs in different ratios, to achieve a the ...
... microscopy. Brainbow [16] can be used to trace axons and dendrites over considerable distance. This technique relies on stochastic and combinatorial expression of several fluorophores (XFPs). Each neuron expresses a random collection of up to four different XFPs in different ratios, to achieve a the ...
Michael Arbib: CS564 - Brain Theory and Artificial Intelligence
... The Many Oculomotor Systems Each can be studied in isolation, but in normal conditions several of these systems will work together to ensure coordinated movements: cooperative computation at the level of motor control. The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) uses the semicircular canals to monitor accele ...
... The Many Oculomotor Systems Each can be studied in isolation, but in normal conditions several of these systems will work together to ensure coordinated movements: cooperative computation at the level of motor control. The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) uses the semicircular canals to monitor accele ...
Predictability Modulates Human Brain Response to Reward
... temporal-differences (TD), which postulates that a synaptically reinforcing substance, e.g. dopamine, is released in response to errors in reward prediction (Schultz et al., 1997). This model has been used in a wide variety of applications including complex learning tasks, like backgammon (Sutton, 1 ...
... temporal-differences (TD), which postulates that a synaptically reinforcing substance, e.g. dopamine, is released in response to errors in reward prediction (Schultz et al., 1997). This model has been used in a wide variety of applications including complex learning tasks, like backgammon (Sutton, 1 ...
Chapter 10 Neurology
... to elicit or draw forth numerical scale that measures the depth of a coma from 1 to 15. unconsciousness with excessive motor activity (also tonic‐clonic seizure) autoimmune disorder in which the body makes antibodies against myelin narrow groove progressive inherited degenerative disease of the ...
... to elicit or draw forth numerical scale that measures the depth of a coma from 1 to 15. unconsciousness with excessive motor activity (also tonic‐clonic seizure) autoimmune disorder in which the body makes antibodies against myelin narrow groove progressive inherited degenerative disease of the ...
Cognitive Ability is Associated with Altered
... that distinct aspects of executive function, some of which may engage behavioral mechanisms and frontal cortical areas similar to those used for reversal tasks in mice, are selectively compromised (Shashi et al. 2010; Shapiro et al. 2013). Indeed, the full range of capacities that comprise executive ...
... that distinct aspects of executive function, some of which may engage behavioral mechanisms and frontal cortical areas similar to those used for reversal tasks in mice, are selectively compromised (Shashi et al. 2010; Shapiro et al. 2013). Indeed, the full range of capacities that comprise executive ...
Arbib, 2008 - Semantic Scholar
... of a novel action to add that action to its repertoire. Thus, we hypothesize that evolution embeds a monkey-like mirror system in more powerful systems in the next two stages. S3: A simple imitation system for grasping, shared with the common ancestor of human and apes. S4: A complex imitation s ...
... of a novel action to add that action to its repertoire. Thus, we hypothesize that evolution embeds a monkey-like mirror system in more powerful systems in the next two stages. S3: A simple imitation system for grasping, shared with the common ancestor of human and apes. S4: A complex imitation s ...
Gobbi 2005 - Iowa Medical Marijuana
... prefrontal cortex and DRN (5). As expected from studies in refs. 16 and 19, URB597 (0.1 mg䡠kg⫺1, i.p.) produced a slow accumulation of anandamide in the hippocampus, which was significant 2 h after drug administration and was maintained upon repeated dosing (0.1 mg䡠kg⫺1, i.p., once daily for 4 days, ...
... prefrontal cortex and DRN (5). As expected from studies in refs. 16 and 19, URB597 (0.1 mg䡠kg⫺1, i.p.) produced a slow accumulation of anandamide in the hippocampus, which was significant 2 h after drug administration and was maintained upon repeated dosing (0.1 mg䡠kg⫺1, i.p., once daily for 4 days, ...
Changes in 3H-Substance P Receptor Binding in the Rat Brain After
... substantia nigra (globus pallidus, caudate, and putamen). All areas involved in the lesion showed a significant loss in the concentration of SP receptors. Note also that while layer I and II of the cerebral cortex showed a significant increase in SP receptor density, other areas, such as the substan ...
... substantia nigra (globus pallidus, caudate, and putamen). All areas involved in the lesion showed a significant loss in the concentration of SP receptors. Note also that while layer I and II of the cerebral cortex showed a significant increase in SP receptor density, other areas, such as the substan ...
Responses to Rare Visual Target and Distractor Stimuli Using Event
... Lance Bauer. Responses to rare visual target and distractor stimuli using event-related fMRI. J. Neurophysiol. 83: 3133–3139, 2000. Previous studies have found that the P300 or P3 event-related potential (ERP) component is useful in the diagnosis and treatment of many disorders that influence CNS fu ...
... Lance Bauer. Responses to rare visual target and distractor stimuli using event-related fMRI. J. Neurophysiol. 83: 3133–3139, 2000. Previous studies have found that the P300 or P3 event-related potential (ERP) component is useful in the diagnosis and treatment of many disorders that influence CNS fu ...
The Nervous System
... transmits that plan to the muscles. At the muscles, the nervous system stimulates contraction but stimulates only those motor units needed for that particular task. In Chapter 6 you learned about neuromuscular junctions. Review Figure 6.8 for a quick reminder of this structure. Although this type of ...
... transmits that plan to the muscles. At the muscles, the nervous system stimulates contraction but stimulates only those motor units needed for that particular task. In Chapter 6 you learned about neuromuscular junctions. Review Figure 6.8 for a quick reminder of this structure. Although this type of ...
The Ventrolateral Hypothalamic Area and the Parvafox Nucleus
... locate the parvafox nucleus with the available Nisslbased maps of the LHA and to discuss what is known about its embryonic development. In the third section, the connections of the parvafox nucleus are discussed in the context of what is known concerning the connections of the LHA generally. In the ...
... locate the parvafox nucleus with the available Nisslbased maps of the LHA and to discuss what is known about its embryonic development. In the third section, the connections of the parvafox nucleus are discussed in the context of what is known concerning the connections of the LHA generally. In the ...
Abnormal gray matter aging in chronic pain patients
... (Bergfield et al., 2009; Blinkov and Glezer, 1968; Good et al., 2001; McGinnis et al., 2011; Morrison and Hof, 2007; Sowell et al., 2003), although hypertrophy has also been reported in some brain areas (Fjell et al., 2009; Salat et al., 2004). GM changes in the brain also occur with dysfunction, in ...
... (Bergfield et al., 2009; Blinkov and Glezer, 1968; Good et al., 2001; McGinnis et al., 2011; Morrison and Hof, 2007; Sowell et al., 2003), although hypertrophy has also been reported in some brain areas (Fjell et al., 2009; Salat et al., 2004). GM changes in the brain also occur with dysfunction, in ...
Testing upper motor neuron function in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
... horn cells. These results are very stimulating and open a new avenue for investigation. Although this report has some limitations—including the small number of subjects, unilateral recording and the absence of systematic longitudinal evaluation (limited to one case)—it is evident that the study will ...
... horn cells. These results are very stimulating and open a new avenue for investigation. Although this report has some limitations—including the small number of subjects, unilateral recording and the absence of systematic longitudinal evaluation (limited to one case)—it is evident that the study will ...
Slide 1
... Bismarck; www. Mbr-pwr.usgs.gov; afsc.noaa.gov; and National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture." ...
... Bismarck; www. Mbr-pwr.usgs.gov; afsc.noaa.gov; and National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture." ...
brain computer interaction elg5121 (multimedia communication)
... Brain-Computer Interfaces and Assistive Technologies: State-of-the-Art and Challenges," Frontiers in Neuroscience, vol 4, August, 2010, doi:10.3389/fnins.2010.00161. B.Z. Allison, C. Brunner, V. Kaiser, G.R. M¨uller-Putz, C. Neuper, and G. Pfurtscheller. Toward a hybrid brain-computer interface base ...
... Brain-Computer Interfaces and Assistive Technologies: State-of-the-Art and Challenges," Frontiers in Neuroscience, vol 4, August, 2010, doi:10.3389/fnins.2010.00161. B.Z. Allison, C. Brunner, V. Kaiser, G.R. M¨uller-Putz, C. Neuper, and G. Pfurtscheller. Toward a hybrid brain-computer interface base ...
Neural Compensations After Lesion of the Cerebral Cortex
... quantify the amount of dendritic space available, as well as the location and density of dendritic spines. The latter measures are used because they can be taken as estimates first of the total space for synapses (i.e., dendritic length) and of the density of excitatory synapses (i.e., spine density ...
... quantify the amount of dendritic space available, as well as the location and density of dendritic spines. The latter measures are used because they can be taken as estimates first of the total space for synapses (i.e., dendritic length) and of the density of excitatory synapses (i.e., spine density ...
Insulin Resistance, Affective Disorders, and Alzheimer`s
... and anhedonia]. Regional hypometabolism has been shown to be reversible only in treatment responders with major improvement in both negative symptoms and cognitive functioning (90). In some studies, the hypometabolism was found to persist in the euthymic phase (91,92), and cognitive functioning in t ...
... and anhedonia]. Regional hypometabolism has been shown to be reversible only in treatment responders with major improvement in both negative symptoms and cognitive functioning (90). In some studies, the hypometabolism was found to persist in the euthymic phase (91,92), and cognitive functioning in t ...
Methods and Generalizations
... thermodynamics to particle kinetics, from Euclid's geometry to Descartes', display the full force of such changes when we look back at them with hindsight. At the time of the transition itself, however, things are more fuzzy. It is not immediately clear in what respect methods have changed, and to w ...
... thermodynamics to particle kinetics, from Euclid's geometry to Descartes', display the full force of such changes when we look back at them with hindsight. At the time of the transition itself, however, things are more fuzzy. It is not immediately clear in what respect methods have changed, and to w ...
Cognitive neuroscience
Cognitive neuroscience is an academic field concerned with the scientific study of biological substrates underlying cognition, with a specific focus on the neural substrates of mental processes. It addresses the questions of how psychological/cognitive functions are produced by neural circuits in the brain. Cognitive neuroscience is a branch of both psychology and neuroscience, overlapping with disciplines such as physiological psychology, cognitive psychology, and neuropsychology. Cognitive neuroscience relies upon theories in cognitive science coupled with evidence from neuropsychology, and computational modeling.Due to its multidisciplinary nature, cognitive neuroscientists may have various backgrounds. Other than the associated disciplines just mentioned, cognitive neuroscientists may have backgrounds in neurobiology, bioengineering, psychiatry, neurology, physics, computer science, linguistics, philosophy, and mathematics.Methods employed in cognitive neuroscience include experimental paradigms from psychophysics and cognitive psychology, functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, cognitive genomics, and behavioral genetics. Studies of patients with cognitive deficits due to brain lesions constitute an important aspect of cognitive neuroscience. Theoretical approaches include computational neuroscience and cognitive psychology.Cognitive neuroscience can look at the effects of damage to the brain and subsequent changes in the thought processes due to changes in neural circuitry resulting from the ensued damage. Also, cognitive abilities based on brain development is studied and examined under the subfield of developmental cognitive neuroscience.