The neural mechanisms of top- down attentional control
... analysis13,14 allowed us to combine the spatial resolution necessary for localization of neural activity, which this technique provides, with neuroimaging methods that selectively extract components of hemodynamic activity15 correlated with distinct aspects of complex-task performance. Here we used ...
... analysis13,14 allowed us to combine the spatial resolution necessary for localization of neural activity, which this technique provides, with neuroimaging methods that selectively extract components of hemodynamic activity15 correlated with distinct aspects of complex-task performance. Here we used ...
Review Historical aspects of the anatomy of the reticular formation
... Historical aspects of the anatomy of the reticular formation In 1882, Burdach5 described ascending tracts in the brainstem with intercalated nuclei such as the superior olivary complex among others. These tracts were connected to the corpora quadrigemina. He considered that these fibres came from t ...
... Historical aspects of the anatomy of the reticular formation In 1882, Burdach5 described ascending tracts in the brainstem with intercalated nuclei such as the superior olivary complex among others. These tracts were connected to the corpora quadrigemina. He considered that these fibres came from t ...
Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation over the prefrontal cortex
... Figure 1 Differential effects of various DTMS treatments on depression scores. (A) Response and remission rates relative to stimulation site based on phantom brain measurements. The distribution of the electric field induced by the various coils were measured in a phantom brain (Roth et el.19) and p ...
... Figure 1 Differential effects of various DTMS treatments on depression scores. (A) Response and remission rates relative to stimulation site based on phantom brain measurements. The distribution of the electric field induced by the various coils were measured in a phantom brain (Roth et el.19) and p ...
Rabies (Rhabdovirus)
... Antibody Testing Send cross section of brain stem (through the medulla, pons, or midbrain area) and cerebellum (through EACH hemisphere and the vermis). Many laboratories will not start ancillary testing until negative rabies results have been received. Contact the laboratory for specific policies a ...
... Antibody Testing Send cross section of brain stem (through the medulla, pons, or midbrain area) and cerebellum (through EACH hemisphere and the vermis). Many laboratories will not start ancillary testing until negative rabies results have been received. Contact the laboratory for specific policies a ...
Implications of Altered Brain Ganglioside Profiles in Amyotrophic
... motor cortex, frontal cortex, temporal cortex, and parahippocampal gyrus cortex, showed abmo~malganglioside profiles. Two types of abmrma1 patterns were detected. One, present in 14 'of the ALS brains, had reduced proportions of GQlb, GTlb, and GDlb, and elevated proportions of GM2 and GD3 (Fig. 1) ...
... motor cortex, frontal cortex, temporal cortex, and parahippocampal gyrus cortex, showed abmo~malganglioside profiles. Two types of abmrma1 patterns were detected. One, present in 14 'of the ALS brains, had reduced proportions of GQlb, GTlb, and GDlb, and elevated proportions of GM2 and GD3 (Fig. 1) ...
Psychology - We can offer most test bank and solution manual you
... 1. A Survey to Identify a Student’s Bias in Psychology Early in the semester, students are typically overwhelmed by all the opposing views and different schools of psychology. Whereas the difference between the psychoanalytic and behavioral schools seems obvious to us, to beginning students these di ...
... 1. A Survey to Identify a Student’s Bias in Psychology Early in the semester, students are typically overwhelmed by all the opposing views and different schools of psychology. Whereas the difference between the psychoanalytic and behavioral schools seems obvious to us, to beginning students these di ...
Gut Microbiota: A Modulator of Brain Plasticity and Cognitive
... evidence has shown that gut microbiota also play a role in the function of the central nervous system (CNS) through metabolic, neuroendocrine and immune pathways [1]. In particular, studies have illustrated an association between gut flora composition and cognitive processes such as learning and mem ...
... evidence has shown that gut microbiota also play a role in the function of the central nervous system (CNS) through metabolic, neuroendocrine and immune pathways [1]. In particular, studies have illustrated an association between gut flora composition and cognitive processes such as learning and mem ...
Imbalanced Decision Hierarchy in Addicts Emerging from Drug
... Despite explicitly wanting to quit, long-term addicts find themselves powerless to resist drugs, despite knowing that drugtaking may be a harmful course of action. Such inconsistency between the explicit knowledge of negative consequences and the compulsive behavioral patterns represents a cognitive ...
... Despite explicitly wanting to quit, long-term addicts find themselves powerless to resist drugs, despite knowing that drugtaking may be a harmful course of action. Such inconsistency between the explicit knowledge of negative consequences and the compulsive behavioral patterns represents a cognitive ...
KIDS, Inc. - School Neuropsychology
... • Neural crossing takes place at the medulla: – Sensory and motor tracts cross over into the opposite side of the brain. – The somatosensory (touch, pressure, pain, and temperature) and the motor systems are organized in contralateral fashion, such that sensory information and movement on the lef ...
... • Neural crossing takes place at the medulla: – Sensory and motor tracts cross over into the opposite side of the brain. – The somatosensory (touch, pressure, pain, and temperature) and the motor systems are organized in contralateral fashion, such that sensory information and movement on the lef ...
pdf, 1 MiB - Infoscience
... and literature review. Overall, text-mining the literature could find three times as many targets as two man-weeks of curation could. The overall efficiency of the text-mining against literature review in our study was 98% recall (at 36% precision), meaning that over all the targets for the three se ...
... and literature review. Overall, text-mining the literature could find three times as many targets as two man-weeks of curation could. The overall efficiency of the text-mining against literature review in our study was 98% recall (at 36% precision), meaning that over all the targets for the three se ...
6. Using artificial agents to understand
... other players’ behavior. People may spend more or less cognitive effort in their decision making, and may use more or less information regarding the behavior of others in this process. First of all this introduces a heterogeneity between people, as one person may be inclined more towards extensive e ...
... other players’ behavior. People may spend more or less cognitive effort in their decision making, and may use more or less information regarding the behavior of others in this process. First of all this introduces a heterogeneity between people, as one person may be inclined more towards extensive e ...
pdf
... findings almost perfectly match the resting state (craving) activity of the brain: evoking an even stronger craving by presenting images of alcoholic beverages (in contrast to non-alcoholic beverages) activates the same areas that are already hyperactive in comparison to a non-alcoholic population ev ...
... findings almost perfectly match the resting state (craving) activity of the brain: evoking an even stronger craving by presenting images of alcoholic beverages (in contrast to non-alcoholic beverages) activates the same areas that are already hyperactive in comparison to a non-alcoholic population ev ...
PDF
... of information,’’ Journal of Neuroscience 13 (1993): 4700–4719. A. Pouget and T.J. Sejnowski. ‘‘Spatial transformations in the parietal cortex using basis functions,’’ Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 9 (1997): 222–237. E. Salinas and L.F. Abbott. ‘‘Transfer of coded information from sensory to mot ...
... of information,’’ Journal of Neuroscience 13 (1993): 4700–4719. A. Pouget and T.J. Sejnowski. ‘‘Spatial transformations in the parietal cortex using basis functions,’’ Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 9 (1997): 222–237. E. Salinas and L.F. Abbott. ‘‘Transfer of coded information from sensory to mot ...
Copy of Development of the spinal cord
... elongate to make connections with the other parts of the nervous system. • Some of these axons will constitute the cortical white matter that arises from and projects to neurons in the cortex. • Others will form the corpus callosum, the band of nerve fibres that connects the two hemispheres of the b ...
... elongate to make connections with the other parts of the nervous system. • Some of these axons will constitute the cortical white matter that arises from and projects to neurons in the cortex. • Others will form the corpus callosum, the band of nerve fibres that connects the two hemispheres of the b ...
Development of the spinal cord
... elongate to make connections with the other parts of the nervous system. • Some of these axons will constitute the cortical white matter that arises from and projects to neurons in the cortex. • Others will form the corpus callosum, the band of nerve fibres that connects the two hemispheres of the b ...
... elongate to make connections with the other parts of the nervous system. • Some of these axons will constitute the cortical white matter that arises from and projects to neurons in the cortex. • Others will form the corpus callosum, the band of nerve fibres that connects the two hemispheres of the b ...
Mediation and the Brain: The Neuropsychology of
... • Allowed for transition from biological to cultural ...
... • Allowed for transition from biological to cultural ...
ling411-13 - Rice University
... “If neurons in the functional web are strongly linked, they should show similar response properties in neurophysiological experiments. “If the neurons of the functional web are necessary for the optimal processing of the represented entity, lesion of a significant portion of the network neurons must ...
... “If neurons in the functional web are strongly linked, they should show similar response properties in neurophysiological experiments. “If the neurons of the functional web are necessary for the optimal processing of the represented entity, lesion of a significant portion of the network neurons must ...
Mirror neurons and the 8 parallel consciousnesses
... present on the left side of their environment, and shaves only on the right, etc.(16) However, it has been shown that such a person is able to unconsciously perceive the images placed on the left(43). This makes neglect an ideal situation for identifying the correlates of cerebral consciousness. Ind ...
... present on the left side of their environment, and shaves only on the right, etc.(16) However, it has been shown that such a person is able to unconsciously perceive the images placed on the left(43). This makes neglect an ideal situation for identifying the correlates of cerebral consciousness. Ind ...
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... Center for Neural Science, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA ...
... Center for Neural Science, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA ...
Neurons - LPS.org
... could be no mental processes. You couldn’t play a sport or a musical instrument. You couldn’t enjoy the taste of a ripe melon or a freshly baked chocolate chip cookie. You couldn’t solve a problem or fantasize about the upcoming weekend. You could neither laugh at a joke (a behavior) nor understand ...
... could be no mental processes. You couldn’t play a sport or a musical instrument. You couldn’t enjoy the taste of a ripe melon or a freshly baked chocolate chip cookie. You couldn’t solve a problem or fantasize about the upcoming weekend. You could neither laugh at a joke (a behavior) nor understand ...
Socializing Naturalized Philosophy of Science
... 1. Introduction. I will argue that any attempt to naturalize the philosophy of science must take into account the social nature of scientific practice. I provide an account of the social nature of scientific practice that gives credence to the claim that scientific knowledge is socially produced. Mo ...
... 1. Introduction. I will argue that any attempt to naturalize the philosophy of science must take into account the social nature of scientific practice. I provide an account of the social nature of scientific practice that gives credence to the claim that scientific knowledge is socially produced. Mo ...
An optical neural interface: in vivo control of
... electrodes remain incapable of reliably targeting specific cell types (e.g. excitatory or inhibitory neurons) within neural tissue. This obstacle has major scientific and clinical implications. For example, there is intense debate among physicians, neuroengineers and neuroscientists regarding the re ...
... electrodes remain incapable of reliably targeting specific cell types (e.g. excitatory or inhibitory neurons) within neural tissue. This obstacle has major scientific and clinical implications. For example, there is intense debate among physicians, neuroengineers and neuroscientists regarding the re ...
Visualizing vocal perception in the chimpanzee
... scientific debate. This controversy, at least in part, can be attributed to the fact that language and its anatomical and physiological substrates do not leave indelible marks in the archaeological record. Thus, the study of extant nonhuman primate communicative signals and their neural correlates ar ...
... scientific debate. This controversy, at least in part, can be attributed to the fact that language and its anatomical and physiological substrates do not leave indelible marks in the archaeological record. Thus, the study of extant nonhuman primate communicative signals and their neural correlates ar ...
1 Understanding Neurotransmission and the Disease of Addiction (2
... having a certain amount of drug present and does not respond the same way it did initially. For this reason, drug abusers and addicts take increasingly higher amounts of an abused drug. Tolerance may develop because the body may become more efficient at eliminating the chemical from the body, or be ...
... having a certain amount of drug present and does not respond the same way it did initially. For this reason, drug abusers and addicts take increasingly higher amounts of an abused drug. Tolerance may develop because the body may become more efficient at eliminating the chemical from the body, or be ...
Cognitive neuroscience
Cognitive neuroscience is an academic field concerned with the scientific study of biological substrates underlying cognition, with a specific focus on the neural substrates of mental processes. It addresses the questions of how psychological/cognitive functions are produced by neural circuits in the brain. Cognitive neuroscience is a branch of both psychology and neuroscience, overlapping with disciplines such as physiological psychology, cognitive psychology, and neuropsychology. Cognitive neuroscience relies upon theories in cognitive science coupled with evidence from neuropsychology, and computational modeling.Due to its multidisciplinary nature, cognitive neuroscientists may have various backgrounds. Other than the associated disciplines just mentioned, cognitive neuroscientists may have backgrounds in neurobiology, bioengineering, psychiatry, neurology, physics, computer science, linguistics, philosophy, and mathematics.Methods employed in cognitive neuroscience include experimental paradigms from psychophysics and cognitive psychology, functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, cognitive genomics, and behavioral genetics. Studies of patients with cognitive deficits due to brain lesions constitute an important aspect of cognitive neuroscience. Theoretical approaches include computational neuroscience and cognitive psychology.Cognitive neuroscience can look at the effects of damage to the brain and subsequent changes in the thought processes due to changes in neural circuitry resulting from the ensued damage. Also, cognitive abilities based on brain development is studied and examined under the subfield of developmental cognitive neuroscience.