A Model of Prefrontal Cortical Mechanisms for Goal-directed Behavior Michael E. Hasselmo Abstract
... Despite these links to biology, the mechanisms for many other aspects of RL have not been analyzed. Most RL models use simple look-up tables for the action-value function, without mapping these functions to the physiological properties of neurons. The state–action value mapping has been modeled with ...
... Despite these links to biology, the mechanisms for many other aspects of RL have not been analyzed. Most RL models use simple look-up tables for the action-value function, without mapping these functions to the physiological properties of neurons. The state–action value mapping has been modeled with ...
Comparative neuronal morphology of the
... to 5405 cerebral cortex neurons). In terms of digital reconstructions, the Purkinje neuron has been traced much more than other cerebellar neurons, perhaps because of its central role as the sole output neuron for the cerebellar cortex in tetrapods (Marr, 1969; Dean et al., 2010). The most complete ...
... to 5405 cerebral cortex neurons). In terms of digital reconstructions, the Purkinje neuron has been traced much more than other cerebellar neurons, perhaps because of its central role as the sole output neuron for the cerebellar cortex in tetrapods (Marr, 1969; Dean et al., 2010). The most complete ...
Study Objectives
... functions of the two cerebral hemispheres? 6. Define aphasia and list at least three main types of aphasia. 7. Describe the respective locations of Wernicke's area and Broca's area. 8. Summarize the language impairments that characterize Broca's aphasia. 9. Summarize the language impairments that ch ...
... functions of the two cerebral hemispheres? 6. Define aphasia and list at least three main types of aphasia. 7. Describe the respective locations of Wernicke's area and Broca's area. 8. Summarize the language impairments that characterize Broca's aphasia. 9. Summarize the language impairments that ch ...
Research paper : Why the Mirror Neurons Cannot Support
... is parsimonious because we have repeated the action implicitly via the mirror neurons. Also, we often display the other type of behavior. We understand the goal of an observed action and reach the goal in our own way, in many cases using other kinematics. This process is called goal emulation [27]. ...
... is parsimonious because we have repeated the action implicitly via the mirror neurons. Also, we often display the other type of behavior. We understand the goal of an observed action and reach the goal in our own way, in many cases using other kinematics. This process is called goal emulation [27]. ...
Proactive interference slows recognition by eliminating fast
... on both the speed and accuracy of recognition as a function of PI. We discuss how PI might affect both aspects of recognition within the context of current approaches to recognition. Single process approaches Many recognition models assume that a single directaccess, or content-addressable, retrieval ...
... on both the speed and accuracy of recognition as a function of PI. We discuss how PI might affect both aspects of recognition within the context of current approaches to recognition. Single process approaches Many recognition models assume that a single directaccess, or content-addressable, retrieval ...
Sample Chapter 8 from the Textbook
... The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a unique subdivision of the peripheral nervous system. The ENS has both sensory and motor neurons contained wholly within the digestive tract. The ENS can function without input from the CNS or other parts of the PNS, although it is normally integrated with the CN ...
... The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a unique subdivision of the peripheral nervous system. The ENS has both sensory and motor neurons contained wholly within the digestive tract. The ENS can function without input from the CNS or other parts of the PNS, although it is normally integrated with the CN ...
DO YOU SENSE WHAT I SENSE?
... Your brain weighs about 3 pounds—the weight of a half-gallon of milk. In the space below, list other common objects that weigh about 3 pounds. If a scale is available, check your guesses. ...
... Your brain weighs about 3 pounds—the weight of a half-gallon of milk. In the space below, list other common objects that weigh about 3 pounds. If a scale is available, check your guesses. ...
Aggregate Input-Output Models of Neuronal Populations
... Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TBME.2012.2196699 ...
... Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TBME.2012.2196699 ...
Does the End Justify the Means?
... required by imitation, and area F5 would play a central role in a possible model of imitation (Arbib et al., 2000). The human homologue of F5 is believed to be Broca’s area (left inferior frontal and gyrus), which would have similar mirror properties (see Rizzolatti et al., 2001). Indeed, an fMRI pe ...
... required by imitation, and area F5 would play a central role in a possible model of imitation (Arbib et al., 2000). The human homologue of F5 is believed to be Broca’s area (left inferior frontal and gyrus), which would have similar mirror properties (see Rizzolatti et al., 2001). Indeed, an fMRI pe ...
the emergence of cerebral asymmetries in early human
... for music. However, t.he 2-month-olds showed only the LEA for music; they did not detect the speech syllable change in either ear (see Figure 3). These results suggest an increase in functional maturity of the left hemisphere sometime between 2 and 3 months of age, at least for auditory discriminati ...
... for music. However, t.he 2-month-olds showed only the LEA for music; they did not detect the speech syllable change in either ear (see Figure 3). These results suggest an increase in functional maturity of the left hemisphere sometime between 2 and 3 months of age, at least for auditory discriminati ...
Are fast/slow process in motor adaptation and forward/inverse
... Another question is whether the fast and slow processes have different neural basis [11] or result from multiple time-scales in the synaptic plasticity of single neurons [12]. Achieved data in [2] proposed that fast and slow components of motor memory may be anatomically distinct from each other. Ba ...
... Another question is whether the fast and slow processes have different neural basis [11] or result from multiple time-scales in the synaptic plasticity of single neurons [12]. Achieved data in [2] proposed that fast and slow components of motor memory may be anatomically distinct from each other. Ba ...
PDF
... factors such as morphogen gradients controlling dorso-ventral soma, dendrite, and axon positions may constrain the synaptic connections made between different types of neuron sufficiently as the spinal cord first develops and in this way allow functional networks to form rapidly. For example, if “geog ...
... factors such as morphogen gradients controlling dorso-ventral soma, dendrite, and axon positions may constrain the synaptic connections made between different types of neuron sufficiently as the spinal cord first develops and in this way allow functional networks to form rapidly. For example, if “geog ...
Synaptic Depression and the Temporal Response Characteristics of
... feedforward model allows us to identif y the essential features caused by synaptic depression without having to deal with the complexities of recurrent network dynamics. In a recurrent circuit, the nonlinear properties we study on the output of a model simple cell are also present on its inputs. To ...
... feedforward model allows us to identif y the essential features caused by synaptic depression without having to deal with the complexities of recurrent network dynamics. In a recurrent circuit, the nonlinear properties we study on the output of a model simple cell are also present on its inputs. To ...
Synaptic Depression and the Temporal Response Characteristics of
... feedforward model allows us to identif y the essential features caused by synaptic depression without having to deal with the complexities of recurrent network dynamics. In a recurrent circuit, the nonlinear properties we study on the output of a model simple cell are also present on its inputs. To ...
... feedforward model allows us to identif y the essential features caused by synaptic depression without having to deal with the complexities of recurrent network dynamics. In a recurrent circuit, the nonlinear properties we study on the output of a model simple cell are also present on its inputs. To ...
Processes Changes in Acetylcholine Extracellular Levels
... always associated with, and in some way related to, motor activity or conditions exist in which increases in ACh release unrelated to motor activity take place. Giovannini et al. (2001) found no correlation between ACh release and motor activity in the first exposure to a novel environment but only ...
... always associated with, and in some way related to, motor activity or conditions exist in which increases in ACh release unrelated to motor activity take place. Giovannini et al. (2001) found no correlation between ACh release and motor activity in the first exposure to a novel environment but only ...
Networks of Spiking Neurons: The Third Generation of
... cares about small constant factors in the size of networks, or one wants to model the actual architecture of cortical circuits (see Douglas et al., 1995; Shepherd, 1990). It is mathematically more convenient to assume that the potential Pv has value 0 in the absence of postsynaptic potentials, and t ...
... cares about small constant factors in the size of networks, or one wants to model the actual architecture of cortical circuits (see Douglas et al., 1995; Shepherd, 1990). It is mathematically more convenient to assume that the potential Pv has value 0 in the absence of postsynaptic potentials, and t ...
Kandel ch. 42 - Weizmann Institute of Science
... THE CEREBELLUM (Latin, little brain) constitutes only 10% of the total volume of the brain but contains more than half of all its neurons. These neurons are arranged in a highly regular manner as repeating units, each of which is a basic circuit module. Despite its structural regularity the cerebell ...
... THE CEREBELLUM (Latin, little brain) constitutes only 10% of the total volume of the brain but contains more than half of all its neurons. These neurons are arranged in a highly regular manner as repeating units, each of which is a basic circuit module. Despite its structural regularity the cerebell ...
Microstructure of the neocortex: Comparative aspects
... the evolution of the vertebrate brain. One of the fundamental questions in neuroscience is what is special about the neocortex of humans and how does it differ from that of other species? It is clear that distinct cortical areas show important differences within both the same and different species, ...
... the evolution of the vertebrate brain. One of the fundamental questions in neuroscience is what is special about the neocortex of humans and how does it differ from that of other species? It is clear that distinct cortical areas show important differences within both the same and different species, ...
Pre-synaptic Terminal Dynamics in the Hippocampus
... Experience can shape the brain at specialized interneuronal connection sites, the synapses. Formation of synapses during development is thought to depend upon both genetic and environmental factors. Initial establishment of synaptic connections occurs independently of experience, followed by a perio ...
... Experience can shape the brain at specialized interneuronal connection sites, the synapses. Formation of synapses during development is thought to depend upon both genetic and environmental factors. Initial establishment of synaptic connections occurs independently of experience, followed by a perio ...
Noradrenergic Suppression of Synaptic Transmission May Influence Cortical Signal-to-Noise Ratio
... These changes in signal-to-noise ratio presumably result from the modulatory effects of norepinephrine on cellular physiology. A number of cellular effects of norepinephrine could contribute to this change in dynamics. Here we focus on the role of the noradrenergic suppression of excitatory synaptic ...
... These changes in signal-to-noise ratio presumably result from the modulatory effects of norepinephrine on cellular physiology. A number of cellular effects of norepinephrine could contribute to this change in dynamics. Here we focus on the role of the noradrenergic suppression of excitatory synaptic ...
Down - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... The sense of direction Representation of body or head direction A mechanism to update this information without visual cues Fig. 9.1 (A) Experimental response of a neuron in the subiculum of a rodent when the rodent is heading in different directions in a familiar maze. The dashed line represents ...
... The sense of direction Representation of body or head direction A mechanism to update this information without visual cues Fig. 9.1 (A) Experimental response of a neuron in the subiculum of a rodent when the rodent is heading in different directions in a familiar maze. The dashed line represents ...
Severely dystrophic axons at amyloid plaques
... However, whether transport is completely blocked at amyloid plaques, triggering distal axon degeneration, remains unknown. To test the hypothesis that dystrophic axons and dendrites are precursors of irreversible neuron damage, we traced them back to their cell bodies in double hemizygous TgCRND8/YF ...
... However, whether transport is completely blocked at amyloid plaques, triggering distal axon degeneration, remains unknown. To test the hypothesis that dystrophic axons and dendrites are precursors of irreversible neuron damage, we traced them back to their cell bodies in double hemizygous TgCRND8/YF ...
Down
... The sense of direction Representation of body or head direction A mechanism to update this information without visual cues Fig. 9.1 (A) Experimental response of a neuron in the subiculum of a rodent when the rodent is heading in different directions in a familiar maze. The dashed line represents ...
... The sense of direction Representation of body or head direction A mechanism to update this information without visual cues Fig. 9.1 (A) Experimental response of a neuron in the subiculum of a rodent when the rodent is heading in different directions in a familiar maze. The dashed line represents ...
Psychophysiological correlates of the misinformation effect
... were replaced by misleading details. Following this, the participants completed a cued recall task for three of the original items. In a subsequent CIT with truthful answering electrodermal responses, phasic heart rate, respiration, and response behavior were measured. Finally, the level of confiden ...
... were replaced by misleading details. Following this, the participants completed a cued recall task for three of the original items. In a subsequent CIT with truthful answering electrodermal responses, phasic heart rate, respiration, and response behavior were measured. Finally, the level of confiden ...
reviews - Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences
... site of recording30, or is anaesthetized31. In addition, several psychophysical studies, as well as introspection, indicate that we are not blind to the world outside the focus of attention. Thus we can make simple judgments on objects to which we are not attending32, although those judgments are li ...
... site of recording30, or is anaesthetized31. In addition, several psychophysical studies, as well as introspection, indicate that we are not blind to the world outside the focus of attention. Thus we can make simple judgments on objects to which we are not attending32, although those judgments are li ...