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... mechanosensory organs, which all provide feedback on wingbeats during flight. For example, during locust flight, the inputs from stretch receptors on the base of the wings induce excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) on the elevator muscle and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) on the d ...
... mechanosensory organs, which all provide feedback on wingbeats during flight. For example, during locust flight, the inputs from stretch receptors on the base of the wings induce excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) on the elevator muscle and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) on the d ...
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... through either an explicit search or implicit gradient-based search. They are generally called explicit matching approaches. Category (1) fails to perform well in image regions with weak texture or when a patch of the image is missing in either of left or right images (i.e., occlusion), as it requir ...
... through either an explicit search or implicit gradient-based search. They are generally called explicit matching approaches. Category (1) fails to perform well in image regions with weak texture or when a patch of the image is missing in either of left or right images (i.e., occlusion), as it requir ...
Mirror neuron functioning: an explanation for
... observation the motor circuit produces an “activation pattern” that is also produced when the observer executes this particular action (Gallese, 2001). In other words; our motor system becomes activated as if we are performing an action, when in fact we are only observing one. This observation-execu ...
... observation the motor circuit produces an “activation pattern” that is also produced when the observer executes this particular action (Gallese, 2001). In other words; our motor system becomes activated as if we are performing an action, when in fact we are only observing one. This observation-execu ...
Chemical Senses
... Marcel Proust knew this--"the taste of the piece of madeleine (cookie) soaked in her decoction of limeblossom tea" resurrected a whole town from his memories of years before. Proust creates long, vivid passages of memory and emotion blended together from a smell, a taste. The ability of a certain ar ...
... Marcel Proust knew this--"the taste of the piece of madeleine (cookie) soaked in her decoction of limeblossom tea" resurrected a whole town from his memories of years before. Proust creates long, vivid passages of memory and emotion blended together from a smell, a taste. The ability of a certain ar ...
Spontaneous firing patterns of identified spiny neurons in the rat
... or never exhibit antidromic responses to stimulation of substantia nigra21. Pure excitatory orthodromic responses are, on the other hand, more commonly reported for otherwise silent neurons, and these may also respond antidromically, to nigral stimulation21,27. Findings of this type have led some in ...
... or never exhibit antidromic responses to stimulation of substantia nigra21. Pure excitatory orthodromic responses are, on the other hand, more commonly reported for otherwise silent neurons, and these may also respond antidromically, to nigral stimulation21,27. Findings of this type have led some in ...
Axonal integrity predicts cortical reorganisation following cervical injury
... A GLM was constructed that consisted of the group (SCI) effect, with age and total intracranial volume (TIV) as nuisance covariates. The TIV was calculated from the sum of the GM, WM and CSF probability maps and was included to account for any confounding (non-specific) effects of overall brain size. ...
... A GLM was constructed that consisted of the group (SCI) effect, with age and total intracranial volume (TIV) as nuisance covariates. The TIV was calculated from the sum of the GM, WM and CSF probability maps and was included to account for any confounding (non-specific) effects of overall brain size. ...
Confidence-Related Decision Making
... attractor neural network implementing a decision-making process. The first module is designed to make a perceptual decision (odor classification). We will refer to it as the decisionmaking (first) network. The second module, which receives inputs from the decision-making network, “decides” whether t ...
... attractor neural network implementing a decision-making process. The first module is designed to make a perceptual decision (odor classification). We will refer to it as the decisionmaking (first) network. The second module, which receives inputs from the decision-making network, “decides” whether t ...
Tau pathology does not affect experience-driven single
... little evidence that NFTs directly impact physiological properties of host neurons. Here we used a transgenic mouse model of tauopathy to study how advanced tau pathology in different brain regions affects activity-driven expression of immediate-early gene Arc required for experience-dependent conso ...
... little evidence that NFTs directly impact physiological properties of host neurons. Here we used a transgenic mouse model of tauopathy to study how advanced tau pathology in different brain regions affects activity-driven expression of immediate-early gene Arc required for experience-dependent conso ...
The occipitoparietal pathway of the macaque monkey: comparison
... visual areas located in the parietal and temporal lobes. Connections between areas in these two pathways are lamina-specific, and contrasting patterns of laminar origin and termination of pathways have been used to arrange visual areas into anatomical hierarchies (Rockland and Pandya, 1979; Wong-Ril ...
... visual areas located in the parietal and temporal lobes. Connections between areas in these two pathways are lamina-specific, and contrasting patterns of laminar origin and termination of pathways have been used to arrange visual areas into anatomical hierarchies (Rockland and Pandya, 1979; Wong-Ril ...
Suppressing Memory - Scholarly Commons @ UNLV Law
... on hypotheses about the origins or causes of P. Repressed memory, a widely used term, is used both descriptively and causally-that is, to describe P as well as to describe what causes it. As much of the debate centers on whether there is such a thing as repression that causes amnesia rather than on ...
... on hypotheses about the origins or causes of P. Repressed memory, a widely used term, is used both descriptively and causally-that is, to describe P as well as to describe what causes it. As much of the debate centers on whether there is such a thing as repression that causes amnesia rather than on ...
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... working versus long-term memory may reflect the different processes that benefit these two memory systems. For instance, elaborating on emotional stimuli may promote long-term retention but may lessen the amount of emotional information that can be maintained in working memory. Another possibility i ...
... working versus long-term memory may reflect the different processes that benefit these two memory systems. For instance, elaborating on emotional stimuli may promote long-term retention but may lessen the amount of emotional information that can be maintained in working memory. Another possibility i ...
Chapter 2: Biological Bases of Behavior MULTIPLE CHOICE 1
... 24. Consider this scenario: The neuron is dying. All of the structures except the cell body are healthy and undamaged. Why might damage to the cell body be the reason for the neuron’s impending death? a. The cell body is responsible for insulating the neuron. b. The nucleus may be damaged. c. The ce ...
... 24. Consider this scenario: The neuron is dying. All of the structures except the cell body are healthy and undamaged. Why might damage to the cell body be the reason for the neuron’s impending death? a. The cell body is responsible for insulating the neuron. b. The nucleus may be damaged. c. The ce ...
On the computational architecture of the neocortex
... and the remaining neurons all project directly to the cortex with no collaterals (with one exception: see discussion of R E thalamus below). Thus, except for the R E nucleus, the nuclei in the thalamus are not directly connected to each other. Where does the thalamus get its input? Some nuclei in th ...
... and the remaining neurons all project directly to the cortex with no collaterals (with one exception: see discussion of R E thalamus below). Thus, except for the R E nucleus, the nuclei in the thalamus are not directly connected to each other. Where does the thalamus get its input? Some nuclei in th ...
The Neurobehavioral Nature of Fishes and the
... differences between ourselves and another organisms increases. Most scientists familiar with higher nervous system functions would not attribute human mental states and experiences to an earthworm or an ameba. However, the matter is more troublesome when we are observing the behavior of other verteb ...
... differences between ourselves and another organisms increases. Most scientists familiar with higher nervous system functions would not attribute human mental states and experiences to an earthworm or an ameba. However, the matter is more troublesome when we are observing the behavior of other verteb ...
J Comp Neurol 2000 Lavenex - University of California, Berkeley
... the caching season, but did not coincide with either breeding season. In January, caching was completed but squirrels were still dependent on spatial memory to locate their caches; this period coincided with the first breeding season. In June, squirrels had depleted their caches and were not activel ...
... the caching season, but did not coincide with either breeding season. In January, caching was completed but squirrels were still dependent on spatial memory to locate their caches; this period coincided with the first breeding season. In June, squirrels had depleted their caches and were not activel ...
Zoology 242 Anatomy of Nervous systems Lecture 8
... Autonomic Nervous System • 3 major divisions described by John Langley (18521925). – Enteric – Parasympathetic – Sympathetic ...
... Autonomic Nervous System • 3 major divisions described by John Langley (18521925). – Enteric – Parasympathetic – Sympathetic ...
mechanisms of visual attention in the human cortex
... studies, subjects were presented with images of colorful, complex stimuli in four nearby locations of the upper right quadrant of the visual field while they maintained fixation. Fixation was ensured by having subjects count occurrences of the letter T or L at fixation, an attentionally demanding ta ...
... studies, subjects were presented with images of colorful, complex stimuli in four nearby locations of the upper right quadrant of the visual field while they maintained fixation. Fixation was ensured by having subjects count occurrences of the letter T or L at fixation, an attentionally demanding ta ...
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... neurons are still unknown. Modulatory input from the VUMmx1 neuron, which mediates the reinforcing function of rewards during olfactory conditioning (Hammer 1993, 1997) is probably involved. Since Mauelshagen (1993) suggested that response modulations of the PE1-neuron may be due to altered input fr ...
... neurons are still unknown. Modulatory input from the VUMmx1 neuron, which mediates the reinforcing function of rewards during olfactory conditioning (Hammer 1993, 1997) is probably involved. Since Mauelshagen (1993) suggested that response modulations of the PE1-neuron may be due to altered input fr ...
Layer-Specific Markers as Probes for Neuron Type Identity in
... Axons are shown in blue (projection neurons) or brown (interneurons). CB, calbindin; PV, parvalbumin; VIP, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. SMI-32, FNP-7, and N200 are neurofilament epitopes. (B) Developing cortex. Even while neurogenesis is still ongoing, different types of projection neurons and ...
... Axons are shown in blue (projection neurons) or brown (interneurons). CB, calbindin; PV, parvalbumin; VIP, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. SMI-32, FNP-7, and N200 are neurofilament epitopes. (B) Developing cortex. Even while neurogenesis is still ongoing, different types of projection neurons and ...
Hybrid Scheme for Modeling Local Field Potentials from Point
... the activity of point-neuron networks (e.g., population firing rates, synaptic currents and membrane potentials) has nevertheless been used as a proxy for the LFP when comparing with experiments. In a recent study comparing different candidate proxies, it was found that a suitably chosen sum of synap ...
... the activity of point-neuron networks (e.g., population firing rates, synaptic currents and membrane potentials) has nevertheless been used as a proxy for the LFP when comparing with experiments. In a recent study comparing different candidate proxies, it was found that a suitably chosen sum of synap ...
Nervous System Pt 3
... Receives visual information from the retinas Visual Association Area Surrounds the primary visual cortex Uses past visual experiences to interpret visual stimuli (e.g., color, form, and movement) Complex processing involves entire posterior half of the ...
... Receives visual information from the retinas Visual Association Area Surrounds the primary visual cortex Uses past visual experiences to interpret visual stimuli (e.g., color, form, and movement) Complex processing involves entire posterior half of the ...
The dynamic cytoskeleton: backbone of dendritic spine plasticity
... was also dependent on the confinement of the pool by the spine neck. Using a barbed-end polymerization assay and FRAP analysis another study showed that actin was capable of polymerizing at the spine tip, confirming the study by Kasai and colleagues [26], but also demonstrating that actin can be p ...
... was also dependent on the confinement of the pool by the spine neck. Using a barbed-end polymerization assay and FRAP analysis another study showed that actin was capable of polymerizing at the spine tip, confirming the study by Kasai and colleagues [26], but also demonstrating that actin can be p ...
Reduced functional connectivity within and between `social` resting
... Martino’s meta-analysis (2009) are present in spatially distinct resting state networks, it is important to determine to what extent the connectivity at rest between these networks might also be affected. Between-network connectivity has been shown to reveal functional clustering of resting state ne ...
... Martino’s meta-analysis (2009) are present in spatially distinct resting state networks, it is important to determine to what extent the connectivity at rest between these networks might also be affected. Between-network connectivity has been shown to reveal functional clustering of resting state ne ...