Role of the Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation in the Tropical
... than) that in YL05, which has an atmospheric resolution of R15 with 18 vertical layers in a hybrid sigmapressure coordinate system and an oceanic resolution of 1.4° latitude ⫻ 2.8° longitude ⫻ 32 vertical levels. For the model’s setup and spinup details, please refer to Furevik et al. (2003) and Ben ...
... than) that in YL05, which has an atmospheric resolution of R15 with 18 vertical layers in a hybrid sigmapressure coordinate system and an oceanic resolution of 1.4° latitude ⫻ 2.8° longitude ⫻ 32 vertical levels. For the model’s setup and spinup details, please refer to Furevik et al. (2003) and Ben ...
The Effect of Potential Future Climate Change on the Marine
... typically exhibits methane concentrations that are well below those needed to saturate the pore waters and form methane hydrate (Dickens 2001). To explore the effect of climate change on the actual hydrate inventory, a first-order estimate of the volume of hydrate present within the GHSZ is made usi ...
... typically exhibits methane concentrations that are well below those needed to saturate the pore waters and form methane hydrate (Dickens 2001). To explore the effect of climate change on the actual hydrate inventory, a first-order estimate of the volume of hydrate present within the GHSZ is made usi ...
North American megadroughts in the Common Era
... discussion of the evidence, primarily model based, for various hypothesized megadrought drivers, including internal atmospheric variability, persistent SST states, and land–atmosphere interactions. We conclude with a discussion of anthropogenic climate change and megadrought risk, including uncertai ...
... discussion of the evidence, primarily model based, for various hypothesized megadrought drivers, including internal atmospheric variability, persistent SST states, and land–atmosphere interactions. We conclude with a discussion of anthropogenic climate change and megadrought risk, including uncertai ...
Climate change in Australia | East Coast cluster report
... Projections are generally given for two 20-year time periods: the near future 2020–2039 (herein referred to as 2030) and late in the century 2080–2099 (herein referred to as 2090). The spread of model results are presented as the range between the 10th and 90th percentile in the CMIP5 ensemble outpu ...
... Projections are generally given for two 20-year time periods: the near future 2020–2039 (herein referred to as 2030) and late in the century 2080–2099 (herein referred to as 2090). The spread of model results are presented as the range between the 10th and 90th percentile in the CMIP5 ensemble outpu ...
Simulated interannual variation in summertime atmospheric
... website; http://www.ipcc-ddc.cru.uea.ac.uk). This means that summertime land–sea temperature contrast increases, and it is inferred that monsoonal circulation over East Asia is intensified (IPCC 2001). However, there is little agreement so far on the future summertime East Asian climate, which is pr ...
... website; http://www.ipcc-ddc.cru.uea.ac.uk). This means that summertime land–sea temperature contrast increases, and it is inferred that monsoonal circulation over East Asia is intensified (IPCC 2001). However, there is little agreement so far on the future summertime East Asian climate, which is pr ...
Acceleration technique for Milankovitch type forcing in a coupled
... The temperature evolution of the Holocene is also important in light of recent climate change. The new third assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC 2001) stated a global surface air temperature increase during the past century by 0.6 0.2 Kelvin (K). On the longer pe ...
... The temperature evolution of the Holocene is also important in light of recent climate change. The new third assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC 2001) stated a global surface air temperature increase during the past century by 0.6 0.2 Kelvin (K). On the longer pe ...
- Wiley Online Library
... the dependence increased trend uncertainty by about 50%. If we should increase the error bars in Figure 1 by 50%, they would still be small compared with the year-to-year fluctuations seen, and we may believe that these year-toyear fluctuations are real geophysical changes and not just measurement unc ...
... the dependence increased trend uncertainty by about 50%. If we should increase the error bars in Figure 1 by 50%, they would still be small compared with the year-to-year fluctuations seen, and we may believe that these year-toyear fluctuations are real geophysical changes and not just measurement unc ...
How closely do changes in surface and column water vapor follow
... almost no effect on the rate of change of global water vapor, although, as shown in figure 1, their impact is of order 1%/K at many latitudes. Interestingly, observed interannual variations in free-tropospheric relative humidity also tend to have regions of opposing changes so that the global-mean v ...
... almost no effect on the rate of change of global water vapor, although, as shown in figure 1, their impact is of order 1%/K at many latitudes. Interestingly, observed interannual variations in free-tropospheric relative humidity also tend to have regions of opposing changes so that the global-mean v ...
Climate-driven expansion of blanket bogs in Britain during the
... basal peat deposits, or there were sufficient radiocarbon dates to develop an age-depth model allowing the basal age to be well constrained. The extrapolated dates may provide more accurate estimates of basal ages than radiocarbon assays of basal peats, which often yield young ages because of contam ...
... basal peat deposits, or there were sufficient radiocarbon dates to develop an age-depth model allowing the basal age to be well constrained. The extrapolated dates may provide more accurate estimates of basal ages than radiocarbon assays of basal peats, which often yield young ages because of contam ...
a case study in the Italian Alp
... linking slope hydrological/stability modelling with projections of global warming due to the enhanced greenhouse effect. The latter is the topic of the present paper. Large-scale projections of global warming are derived from general circulation models (GCMs), which at present provide the physically ...
... linking slope hydrological/stability modelling with projections of global warming due to the enhanced greenhouse effect. The latter is the topic of the present paper. Large-scale projections of global warming are derived from general circulation models (GCMs), which at present provide the physically ...
How the Second Delta Committee Set the
... neglected the committee’s throughput. We did not account for the differences between individual members of the committee, or the process leading to the selection of the committee’s members, but instead regarded the whole committee as one single change agent. The paper by Boezeman et al., Verduijn et ...
... neglected the committee’s throughput. We did not account for the differences between individual members of the committee, or the process leading to the selection of the committee’s members, but instead regarded the whole committee as one single change agent. The paper by Boezeman et al., Verduijn et ...
Fisheries-dependent indicators of climate change in Western Australia
... areas where data are currently being gathered in a number of projects in, or related to Project 4.2, to provide information on the current status of these systems, in terms of both community structure and function. Ecosystem modelling frameworks have the ability to guide the sort of data which shoul ...
... areas where data are currently being gathered in a number of projects in, or related to Project 4.2, to provide information on the current status of these systems, in terms of both community structure and function. Ecosystem modelling frameworks have the ability to guide the sort of data which shoul ...
Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability
... been increased heat-related mortality and decreased cold-related mortality in some regions as a result of warming (medium confidence). Local changes in temperature and rainfall have altered the distribution of some water-borne illnesses and disease vectors (medium confidence).12 Differences in vulne ...
... been increased heat-related mortality and decreased cold-related mortality in some regions as a result of warming (medium confidence). Local changes in temperature and rainfall have altered the distribution of some water-borne illnesses and disease vectors (medium confidence).12 Differences in vulne ...
IPCC 5-2014 WG-2 Summary.pdf
... been increased heat-related mortality and decreased cold-related mortality in some regions as a result of warming (medium confidence). Local changes in temperature and rainfall have altered the distribution of some water-borne illnesses and disease vectors (medium confidence).12 Differences in vulne ...
... been increased heat-related mortality and decreased cold-related mortality in some regions as a result of warming (medium confidence). Local changes in temperature and rainfall have altered the distribution of some water-borne illnesses and disease vectors (medium confidence).12 Differences in vulne ...
Working Group I Fifth Assessment Report
... Human activities are continuing to affect the Earth’s energy budget by changing the emissions and resulting atmospheric concentrations of radiatively important gases and aerosols and by changing land surface properties. Previous assessments have already shown through multiple lines of evidence that ...
... Human activities are continuing to affect the Earth’s energy budget by changing the emissions and resulting atmospheric concentrations of radiatively important gases and aerosols and by changing land surface properties. Previous assessments have already shown through multiple lines of evidence that ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES TEMPERATURE, HUMAN HEALTH, AND ADAPTATION:
... is now recognized as one of the most important impact margins of climate change, and thus is a global research priority. A vast literature – almost exclusively in public health and epidemiology – has emerged to document the excess morbidity and mortality associated with exposure to extreme tempera ...
... is now recognized as one of the most important impact margins of climate change, and thus is a global research priority. A vast literature – almost exclusively in public health and epidemiology – has emerged to document the excess morbidity and mortality associated with exposure to extreme tempera ...
An assessment of the likely consequences of global warming on the
... knowledge plus other factors. Part 3 describes the analytical methods used in this report as well as the development of numerical methods for future adaptation procedures. All the analyses and comments in this report refer to South African conditions, although I believe that they are generally appli ...
... knowledge plus other factors. Part 3 describes the analytical methods used in this report as well as the development of numerical methods for future adaptation procedures. All the analyses and comments in this report refer to South African conditions, although I believe that they are generally appli ...
Expert Judgement, Meta-Analysis and Participatory Risk Analysis 1
... methods for expert judgement data have not been considered. Indeed, one might anticipate logical positivist arguments that evidence-based decision making should draw solely upon objective empirical data. It is often assumed that evidence-based decision making should be ‘objective’, but evidence nee ...
... methods for expert judgement data have not been considered. Indeed, one might anticipate logical positivist arguments that evidence-based decision making should draw solely upon objective empirical data. It is often assumed that evidence-based decision making should be ‘objective’, but evidence nee ...
Recent and future changes in the combination of annual
... China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System (http://cdc.nmic.cn/home.do). Data quality control, especially for data homogeneity tests, is important for detecting climate changes. Data quality control efforts were comprised of two parts: (1) checking for erroneous data (e.g. negative precipitati ...
... China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System (http://cdc.nmic.cn/home.do). Data quality control, especially for data homogeneity tests, is important for detecting climate changes. Data quality control efforts were comprised of two parts: (1) checking for erroneous data (e.g. negative precipitati ...
Extreme Weather Events
... the 1980s and 90s, but it failed miserably when temperatures plateaued in the new millennium. ...
... the 1980s and 90s, but it failed miserably when temperatures plateaued in the new millennium. ...
Granger causality from changes in level of atmospheric CO2 to
... explanations into two categories. The first involves a reduction in radiative forcing: by a decrease in stratospheric water vapour, an increase in background stratospheric volcanic aerosols, by 17 small volcano eruptions since 1999, increasing coal-burning in China, the indirect effect of time-varyi ...
... explanations into two categories. The first involves a reduction in radiative forcing: by a decrease in stratospheric water vapour, an increase in background stratospheric volcanic aerosols, by 17 small volcano eruptions since 1999, increasing coal-burning in China, the indirect effect of time-varyi ...
Paleoclimate forcing by the solar De Vries/Suess cycle
... show a precise linear dependence of solar magnetic field (thus solar activity) and Earth temperature and estimate the influence of the Sun on the 20th century Earth climate change up to 100 %. Raspopov et al. (2008) find a clear ∼ 200 year cycle and relate it with the solar De Vries/Suess cycle. How ...
... show a precise linear dependence of solar magnetic field (thus solar activity) and Earth temperature and estimate the influence of the Sun on the 20th century Earth climate change up to 100 %. Raspopov et al. (2008) find a clear ∼ 200 year cycle and relate it with the solar De Vries/Suess cycle. How ...
Aqua Introductory Research Essay 2016:3
... species, and this has been referred to as a composition shift (Ohlberger, 2013). Moreover, stage-specific thermal optima can alter the age-structure and hence the mean size of a population, if for instance temperature induces a disproportional increase in mortality on older and larger individuals ( ...
... species, and this has been referred to as a composition shift (Ohlberger, 2013). Moreover, stage-specific thermal optima can alter the age-structure and hence the mean size of a population, if for instance temperature induces a disproportional increase in mortality on older and larger individuals ( ...
How closely do changes in surface and column water vapor follow
... those in column water vapor (figure 1). The implied decreases in mean relative humidity at roughly 10◦ –50◦ latitude in both hemispheres are consistent with previously reported decreases in free-tropospheric relative humidity at similar latitudes in simulations of global warming (Mitchell and Ingram ...
... those in column water vapor (figure 1). The implied decreases in mean relative humidity at roughly 10◦ –50◦ latitude in both hemispheres are consistent with previously reported decreases in free-tropospheric relative humidity at similar latitudes in simulations of global warming (Mitchell and Ingram ...
IPCC 5: Synthesis - Summary
... impacts globally (high confidence). Mitigation involves some level of co-benefits and of risks due to adverse side-effects, but these risks do not involve the same possibility of severe, widespread, and irreversible impacts as risks from climate change, increasing the benefits from near-term mitigat ...
... impacts globally (high confidence). Mitigation involves some level of co-benefits and of risks due to adverse side-effects, but these risks do not involve the same possibility of severe, widespread, and irreversible impacts as risks from climate change, increasing the benefits from near-term mitigat ...