Selection of Climate Models for Developing - hi
... forcing for dynamical downscaling. This report discusses the statistical downscaling component. There are two fundamentally different methods for selecting appropriate GCMs/RCMs. The first approach aims to cover the full envelope of possible futures ranging from dry and cold projections to wet and w ...
... forcing for dynamical downscaling. This report discusses the statistical downscaling component. There are two fundamentally different methods for selecting appropriate GCMs/RCMs. The first approach aims to cover the full envelope of possible futures ranging from dry and cold projections to wet and w ...
Nitrogen Flows in Agricultural Systems: A Modeling Perspective
... EPICA Dome C ice core together with a temperature reconstruction (relative to the average of the past millennium) based on the deuterium– hydrogen ratio of the ice, reinforce the tight coupling between greenhouse-gas concentrations and climate observed in previous, shorter records. The 100,000-year ...
... EPICA Dome C ice core together with a temperature reconstruction (relative to the average of the past millennium) based on the deuterium– hydrogen ratio of the ice, reinforce the tight coupling between greenhouse-gas concentrations and climate observed in previous, shorter records. The 100,000-year ...
Assessing the impact of Laurentide Ice Sheet topography on glacial
... system. For the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent deglaciation, the existence of large Northern Hemisphere ice sheets caused profound changes in surface topography and albedo. While ice-sheet extent is fairly well known, numerous conflicting reconstructions of ice-sheet topography suggest th ...
... system. For the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent deglaciation, the existence of large Northern Hemisphere ice sheets caused profound changes in surface topography and albedo. While ice-sheet extent is fairly well known, numerous conflicting reconstructions of ice-sheet topography suggest th ...
The coupled atmosphere–chemistry–ocean model SOCOL
... LW bands covering 10–3000 cm−1 . In the computation absorption by water vapour, CO2 , ozone, N2 O, CH4 , CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-22, aerosols, as well as clouds are considered. With the vertical resolution used in this study (39 levels up to 0.01 hPa), the model does not produce a Quasi-Biennial Oscilla ...
... LW bands covering 10–3000 cm−1 . In the computation absorption by water vapour, CO2 , ozone, N2 O, CH4 , CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-22, aerosols, as well as clouds are considered. With the vertical resolution used in this study (39 levels up to 0.01 hPa), the model does not produce a Quasi-Biennial Oscilla ...
How closely do changes in surface and column water vapor follow
... Surface specific humidity increases at a rate of 5.7% K−1 , considerably lower than the rate for global-mean water vapor. Surface specific humidity closely follows Clausius–Clapeyron scaling over ocean. But there are widespread decreases in surface relative humidity over land (by more than 1% K−1 in ...
... Surface specific humidity increases at a rate of 5.7% K−1 , considerably lower than the rate for global-mean water vapor. Surface specific humidity closely follows Clausius–Clapeyron scaling over ocean. But there are widespread decreases in surface relative humidity over land (by more than 1% K−1 in ...
Increased vapor pressure deficit due to higher temperature leads to
... after imposing treatments, the ratio of net photosynthesis measured at 33°C divided by that measured at 30°C from the same seedling was calculated to determine the short-term effects of temperature. This ratio decreased by 12% in response to the 45% increase in VPD associated with the higher measure ...
... after imposing treatments, the ratio of net photosynthesis measured at 33°C divided by that measured at 30°C from the same seedling was calculated to determine the short-term effects of temperature. This ratio decreased by 12% in response to the 45% increase in VPD associated with the higher measure ...
Climate change in Australia | Murray Basin cluster report
... forecast of the exact sequence of natural variability, so they are not ‘predictions’. They do however show a plausible range of climate system responses to a given emission scenario and also show the range of natural variability for a given climate. Greenhouse gas concentrations are similar amongst ...
... forecast of the exact sequence of natural variability, so they are not ‘predictions’. They do however show a plausible range of climate system responses to a given emission scenario and also show the range of natural variability for a given climate. Greenhouse gas concentrations are similar amongst ...
P:\10 Publications\Books\Why Scientists Disagree\Second Edition\(6
... production, extreme weather events, rainfall changes, etc. have not properly considered factors such as physical impacts of human activities, natural variability in climate, lopsided models used in the prediction of production estimates, etc. There is a need to look into these phenomena at local and ...
... production, extreme weather events, rainfall changes, etc. have not properly considered factors such as physical impacts of human activities, natural variability in climate, lopsided models used in the prediction of production estimates, etc. There is a need to look into these phenomena at local and ...
Responses of reference evapotranspiration to changes in
... Changes in stomatal resistance in response to increased CO2 concentration were not evaluated, nor were the changes in wind velocity and solar radiation. Different scenarios were used for estimation of future ETo in different river basins as a consequence of trends in the maximum and minimum temperat ...
... Changes in stomatal resistance in response to increased CO2 concentration were not evaluated, nor were the changes in wind velocity and solar radiation. Different scenarios were used for estimation of future ETo in different river basins as a consequence of trends in the maximum and minimum temperat ...
Seasonal Variations in Diurnal Temperature Range From Satellites
... (Ts ) and compared with weather-station observations based on Ta . Geographical and seasonal differences were identified in both ground- and satellite-derived DTRs. Estimates of DTR from station-observed air temperature represent all-sky conditions while satellite estimates of DTR from surface skin ...
... (Ts ) and compared with weather-station observations based on Ta . Geographical and seasonal differences were identified in both ground- and satellite-derived DTRs. Estimates of DTR from station-observed air temperature represent all-sky conditions while satellite estimates of DTR from surface skin ...
Mechanisms of elevation-dependent warming over the Tibetan
... CCSM model performs well in capturing the characterization of surface air temperature over East Asia and China. In this study, four of the experiments were used, including the 1990 control and 4× CO2 runs under the T85 and T31 resolutions respectively. In the 1990 control runs, the CO2 concentration ...
... CCSM model performs well in capturing the characterization of surface air temperature over East Asia and China. In this study, four of the experiments were used, including the 1990 control and 4× CO2 runs under the T85 and T31 resolutions respectively. In the 1990 control runs, the CO2 concentration ...
Flowering time of butterfly nectar food plants is more
... multivoltine butterfly species) those single site–year combinations represent. We assumed that any bias in sampling relative to the population of plants or adults in a given location and year is random with respect to temperature (e.g. there is no systematic tendency to sample early/late flying/flow ...
... multivoltine butterfly species) those single site–year combinations represent. We assumed that any bias in sampling relative to the population of plants or adults in a given location and year is random with respect to temperature (e.g. there is no systematic tendency to sample early/late flying/flow ...
AIP PowerPoint Enhanced version
... They differ from each other in the same way as the signals from radio stations differ. They differ only in the frequency, and because they are all waves, also in their wavelength. ...
... They differ from each other in the same way as the signals from radio stations differ. They differ only in the frequency, and because they are all waves, also in their wavelength. ...
Rohr et al. 2013 physiology
... which permits unrestricted distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
... which permits unrestricted distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
Global Warming and the Greenland Ice Sheet
... difficult to measure, offsetting quantities (Reeh, 1999). Even the direction in which the mass of the Greenland ice sheet is currently changing is in dispute. The current network of stations, including the automated observing stations, do not provide time series of sufficient length for reliable lon ...
... difficult to measure, offsetting quantities (Reeh, 1999). Even the direction in which the mass of the Greenland ice sheet is currently changing is in dispute. The current network of stations, including the automated observing stations, do not provide time series of sufficient length for reliable lon ...
Introduction
... nitrogen, and water resources (DJF, DISAT, SMHI, SYKE, UNIK) (Ongoing) Task 6.2.9: Preliminary scenario impacts and risk assessment from available climate projections for selected models of crops, runoff, permafrost, soils (DJF, DISAT, FMI, SMHI, SYKE) (Completed) Task 6.2.10: Preliminary evaluation ...
... nitrogen, and water resources (DJF, DISAT, SMHI, SYKE, UNIK) (Ongoing) Task 6.2.9: Preliminary scenario impacts and risk assessment from available climate projections for selected models of crops, runoff, permafrost, soils (DJF, DISAT, FMI, SMHI, SYKE) (Completed) Task 6.2.10: Preliminary evaluation ...
Global Warming Index - Debate Central
... giants are threatening the very existence of its coastal cities and hence amount to an act of war! For their part the Asian giants already suspiciously view Washington's demands concerning greenhouse gases as a thinly veiled attempt to restrict their economical development. That said, China and Indi ...
... giants are threatening the very existence of its coastal cities and hence amount to an act of war! For their part the Asian giants already suspiciously view Washington's demands concerning greenhouse gases as a thinly veiled attempt to restrict their economical development. That said, China and Indi ...
View/Open
... This study reminds us how much modern America is wedded to the private automobile. It presents a blizzard of statistics, tables and graphs, and each one reinforces the primacy of the private automobile to Americans’ mobility. For example, during the study’s time period (1990-2000), only two “modes” ...
... This study reminds us how much modern America is wedded to the private automobile. It presents a blizzard of statistics, tables and graphs, and each one reinforces the primacy of the private automobile to Americans’ mobility. For example, during the study’s time period (1990-2000), only two “modes” ...
Sensitivity and the Carbon Budget - Apollo
... Each doubling in concentration is represented by the same distance along the horizontal axis. The temperature change illustrates the impact of change in CO2 concentration without any of the amplifying effects of the feedback system. The 280 ppm point marks the pre-industrial benchmark. Temperature v ...
... Each doubling in concentration is represented by the same distance along the horizontal axis. The temperature change illustrates the impact of change in CO2 concentration without any of the amplifying effects of the feedback system. The 280 ppm point marks the pre-industrial benchmark. Temperature v ...
Print - Science Advances
... cover, and humidity [with cloud cover and humidity data drawn from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Reanalysis 2 project (28)]. We included these other meteorological variables because their exclusion might bias our estimates of the effect of nighttime temperature anomalies ( ...
... cover, and humidity [with cloud cover and humidity data drawn from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Reanalysis 2 project (28)]. We included these other meteorological variables because their exclusion might bias our estimates of the effect of nighttime temperature anomalies ( ...
Why Scientists Disagree About Global Warming
... A frequent claim in the debate is that a “consensus” or even “overwhelming consensus” of scientists embrace the more alarming end of the spectrum of scientific projections of future climate change. Politicians including President Barack Obama and government agencies including the National Aeronautic ...
... A frequent claim in the debate is that a “consensus” or even “overwhelming consensus” of scientists embrace the more alarming end of the spectrum of scientific projections of future climate change. Politicians including President Barack Obama and government agencies including the National Aeronautic ...
The Changing Earth-Life System—Critical Information for
... high-resolution environmental records in time. Despite the slow progress, the community has increasingly coalesced around a singular intellectual challenge: Understanding the full range of Earth-life process behaviors through all of Earth history, including deep time, is vital for addressing urgent ...
... high-resolution environmental records in time. Despite the slow progress, the community has increasingly coalesced around a singular intellectual challenge: Understanding the full range of Earth-life process behaviors through all of Earth history, including deep time, is vital for addressing urgent ...
The Politicization of Climate Change and Polarization in the American
... Yet, at the same time the environmental community was honoring the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Al Gore for receiving the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts to increase public knowledge about climate change, the Right—conservative think tanks, media figures (such as Rus ...
... Yet, at the same time the environmental community was honoring the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Al Gore for receiving the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts to increase public knowledge about climate change, the Right—conservative think tanks, media figures (such as Rus ...
Potential Impacts of Climate Change on the Broads
... at a few state of the art models (then), a few key annual variables, and a single medium-‐high emission scenario. In 2013, the Broads Authority made a request for a more in depth analysis of the potential climate changes projected to occur in the regio ...
... at a few state of the art models (then), a few key annual variables, and a single medium-‐high emission scenario. In 2013, the Broads Authority made a request for a more in depth analysis of the potential climate changes projected to occur in the regio ...
Phenological response of tundra plants to background climate
... temperature variation across sites spanning latitudinal and moisture gradients. The dataset overall did not show an advance in phenology; instead, temperature variability during the years sampled and an absence of warming at some sites resulted in mixed responses. Phenological transitions of high Ar ...
... temperature variation across sites spanning latitudinal and moisture gradients. The dataset overall did not show an advance in phenology; instead, temperature variability during the years sampled and an absence of warming at some sites resulted in mixed responses. Phenological transitions of high Ar ...