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Knock, Knock: Where is the Evidence for Dangerous Human
Knock, Knock: Where is the Evidence for Dangerous Human

... average lasted only ~10 ky. Civilisation and our modern society developed during the most recent warm interglacial period (the Holocene), which has already lasted 10 ky. In many places, temperatures earlier in the Holocene – during a period that was formerly referred to as the climatic optimum – wer ...
INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE
INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE

... During discussion, it was felt that there was a need to involve more PAGES scientists in PMIP studies. Prof. Valdes commented that the main requirement the PAGES community could help meet was data input. However, a challenge remains on how to carry out the model-data synthesis. Prof. Briffa commente ...
Author`s personal copy
Author`s personal copy

... The NRC findings are also consistent with the analysis of an international group of scientists who summarized advances in climate science since the 2007 IPCC Fourth Assessment Report. This analysis, The Copenhagen Diagnosis (Allison et al., 2009), reviewed ‘‘hundreds of papers . . . on a suite of to ...
Review Copy
Review Copy

... and CDD the largest relative sensitivity to warming (albeit starting from relatively low levels). Weather data currently used for building design increasingly lead to an overestimation of heating and underestimation of cooling demand in buildings and thus require periodic adaptation. Projections wer ...
- Wiley Online Library
- Wiley Online Library

... temperatures during 1960–2010. [18] We also calculated the importance of the temperature change for each individual season in the yearly change, in order to find out if certain season has been playing a greater role than others in the yearly change. In this study, we used the mean air temperature of ...
Does the Arctic sea ice have a tipping point?
Does the Arctic sea ice have a tipping point?

... of ice in the NCAR model but not in the MPI model. [7] Figure 1 (bottom) shows the albedos as a function of polar region surface air temperature. The albedo changes are more similar when viewed as a function of temperature rather than as a function of time but differences remain. The MPI model albed ...
Long Term Temperature Trends in Four Different Climatic Zones of
Long Term Temperature Trends in Four Different Climatic Zones of

... /decade since 1880 has now increased to 0.16°C/ decade after 1970. The impact from global climate change may depend more on changes in daily mean maximum and minimum temperature rather than on their average. The daily temperature range generally known as the Diurnal Temperature Range (DTR) is also a ...
GSAppt03 - Cloudfront.net
GSAppt03 - Cloudfront.net

... start with simple data extraction from newspapers and hand graphing and culminate in large and complex database analyses using Excel with computer graphing skills and basic statistics integrated into short written assignments. In advance of the first exercise, students gather a week’s worth of data ...
GLOBAL WARMING - members.iinet.com.au
GLOBAL WARMING - members.iinet.com.au

... In neighbouring Australia, most of the metropolitan papers also have a long record of unbalanced coverage of the global warming issue. This was exemplified recently by their treatment of the show-stopper of a speech given at the European Union Summit in Finland by Professor Vaclav Klaus, President o ...
Increase of extreme events in a warming world
Increase of extreme events in a warming world

... To understand this asymmetry, consider a Gaussian distribution, where in a stationary climate 4.6% of values would be “extreme” in the sense of being outside 2 standard deviations. If these thresholds are kept fixed but the distribution is shifted by one standard deviation toward warmer temperature ...
Global Perspectives and Project Work, Grade 11. Term 1 Climate
Global Perspectives and Project Work, Grade 11. Term 1 Climate

... 4. Present two different perspectives on climate change using evidence from different sources. Use RAVEN to evaluate the sources. 5. You should write reason, evidence or conclusion in the spaces provided in the space provided. ...
An abrupt drop in Northern Hemisphere sea surface temperature
An abrupt drop in Northern Hemisphere sea surface temperature

... over the northern North Atlantic. Significant events in the hemispheric or global-mean surface temperature records are obscured by year-to-year variability induced by a variety of physical processes, notably: changes in the Northern Hemisphere high-latitude wintertime atmospheric circulation that mo ...
Drought assessment and trends analysis from 20th century
Drought assessment and trends analysis from 20th century

... pacts on local economic development and ecological environment. The fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) provides a unique opportunity to assess scientific understanding of climate variability and change over a range of historical and future period. In this study, fine-re ...
Policy Update on 2°C Warming
Policy Update on 2°C Warming

... urgency of the current policy discussions. It also indicates that early adaptation is likely to be needed. ...
Are observed changes in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the
Are observed changes in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the

... “expert reviewers” throughout the world for comment. The TAR had 15 review editors, 124 authors and 397 expert reviewers. It is important to note, however, that comments that were not welcomed by the main authors stood little chance of being considered seriously. A commentary on this by editors of t ...
Climate Change
Climate Change

... As well, there are: Volcanos Vegetation changes Aerosols Heat exchange - ocean and air (ENSO) Ice and snow coming/going Glaciers changing Changes in weather patterns ... and lots more ... including human added CO2! ...
Climate Change in Central and Eastern Europe
Climate Change in Central and Eastern Europe

... from GCMs as forcing to simulate the climate at smaller scales for certain regions. They contain complex model physics and due to their high spatial resolution from 50 km down to 3 km (0.5 –0.025 ) it is possible to reproduce regional and local effects through the integration of orography and land ...
CLIMATE CHANGE FORUM: Favouring a green economy and sustainable urban development
CLIMATE CHANGE FORUM: Favouring a green economy and sustainable urban development

... observed since about 1950 have been linked to human influence ...
NATURAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND GLOBAL WARMING
NATURAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND GLOBAL WARMING

... Crucifix, this volume). In the tropics, the changes in orbital forcing were manifested in large-scale circulation changes involving monsoon systems (as discussed further below) and these resulted in dramatic hydrologic changes with important consequences for regional hydrology and societies living i ...
Standard PDF - Wiley Online Library
Standard PDF - Wiley Online Library

... Canadian Forest Service, Sault Ste Marie, Ontario, Canada Received 29 June 2004; revised 9 August 2004; accepted 27 August 2004; published 29 September 2004. ...
Solving the paradox of the end of the Little Ice Age in the Alps
Solving the paradox of the end of the Little Ice Age in the Alps

... nineteenth centuries were only 0.2°C cooler than those from the eleventh to fourteenth centuries [IPCC, 2001], insufficient to explain the large advance of glaciers. Moreover, the timing of the onset of glacier retreat (mid-nineteenth century) conflicts with mean annual temperatures based on instrum ...
Comment by:  Patrick J. Michaels and Paul C. Knappenberger
Comment by: Patrick J. Michaels and Paul C. Knappenberger

... upper and lower certainty bounds) requires that the periodic updates to the IWG SCC determination must include an examination of the scientific literature on the topic of the equilibrium climate sensitivity. There is no indication that the IWG undertook such an examination. But what is clear, is th ...
MRV of developing country actions in the context of UNFCCC
MRV of developing country actions in the context of UNFCCC

... As at June 2014, project proposal to access funds for the preparation of BURs from 36 non-Annex I Parties have been approved. ...
International consultation and analysis
International consultation and analysis

... As at June 2014, project proposal to access funds for the preparation of BURs from 36 non-Annex I Parties have been approved. ...
Climate Science: Is it currently designed to answer questions
Climate Science: Is it currently designed to answer questions

... It is my impression that by the end of the 60’s scientists, themselves, came to feel that the real basis for support was not gratitude (and the associated trust that support would bring further benefit) but fear: fear of the Soviet Union, fear of cancer, etc. Many will conclude that this was merely ...
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North Report

The North Report was a 2006 report evaluating reconstructions of the temperature record of the past two millennia, providing an overview of the state of the science and the implications for understanding of global warming. It was produced by a National Research Council committee, chaired by Gerald North, at the request of Representative Sherwood Boehlert as chairman of the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Science.These reconstructions had been dubbed ""hockey stick graphs"" after the 1999 reconstruction by Mann, Bradley and Hughes (MBH99), which used the methodology of their 1998 reconstruction covering 600 years (MBH98). A graph based on MBH99 was featured prominently in the 2001 IPCC Third Assessment Report (TAR), and became a focus of the global warming controversy over the 1997 Kyoto Protocol. It was disputed by various contrarians, and in the politicisation of this hockey stick controversy the New York Times of 14 February 2005 hailed a paper by businessman Stephen McIntyre and economist Ross McKitrick (MM05) as undermining the scientific consensus behind the Kyoto agreement. On 23 June 2005, Rep. Joe Barton, chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce, with Ed Whitfield, Chairman of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, wrote joint letters referring to issues raised by the Wall Street Journal article, and demanding that Mann, Bradley and Hughes provide full records on their data and methods, finances and careers, information about grants provided to the institutions they had worked for, and the exact computer codes used to generate their results. Boehlert said this was a ""misguided and illegitimate investigation"" into something that should properly be under the jurisdiction of the Science Committee, and in November 2005 after Barton dismissed the offer of an independent investigation organised by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, Boehlert requested the review, which became the North Report.The North Report went through a rigorous review process, and was published on 22 June 2006. It concluded ""with a high level of confidence that global mean surface temperature was higher during the last few decades of the 20th century than during any comparable period during the preceding four centuries"", justified by consistent evidence from a wide variety of geographically diverse proxies, but ""Less confidence can be placed in large-scale surface temperature reconstructions for the period from 900 to 1600"". It broadly agreed with the basic findings of the original MBH studies, which subsequently been supported by other reconstructions and proxy records, while emphasising uncertainties over earlier periods. The principal component analysis methodology that McIntyre and McKitrick had contested had a small tendency to bias results so was not recommended—but it had little influence on the final reconstructions, and other methods produced similar results.
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