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Year at a Glance:
Year at a Glance:

... I can explain how the relative motions of the earth, sun, and moon cause ocean tides. I can explain the reason that earth has four seasons based on the tilt of earth’s axis of rotation and earth’s motion relative to the sun. I can relate earth’s initial formation to its present day spherical shape. ...
Word - State of New Jersey
Word - State of New Jersey

... and develop an understanding of plate tectonics as the unifying theory that explains the past and current movements of the rocks at Earth’s surface. Plate tectonics also provides a framework for understanding Earth’s geologic history. Students will begin by developing models, supported by evidence, ...
Geology Lab: "Edible Tectonics"
Geology Lab: "Edible Tectonics"

... BACKGROUND INFORMATION (Must be read before performing lab!)  Plate Tectonics is Geology’s most important theory – it explains so much about our planet!  Most volcanoes and earthquakes occur along the boundaries of tectonic plates. This theory also explains how certain surface features such as mou ...
Earth`s Shifting Crust
Earth`s Shifting Crust

... swept down over great areas of North America and Europe, invading the temperate zone. Since that time at least lifty theories have been produced to explain these ice ages, but none of them has been satisfactory. One of the special mysteries connected with ice ages is the location of former icecaps o ...
Layers of the Earth - Science4Inquiry.com
Layers of the Earth - Science4Inquiry.com

... has more, the model is too small, Earth is not made of chocolate. Explore This should be a student-centered, hands-on activity that teaches your students about science. No lectures or direct teaching allowed. Please be as hands-on as possible. Also, please provide enough detail so that Dr. Blanchard ...
Geology Content from the Frameworks
Geology Content from the Frameworks

...  Geologists can date rock layers within a bedrock by observing the sequence of its layers and studying the fossils present in each layer.  Fossils, the remains of organisms preserved in sedimentary rocks, are part of the evidence scientists use to infer changing conditions at the Earth’s surface t ...
Oreo Cookies and Plate Tectonics
Oreo Cookies and Plate Tectonics

... do you notice about the cookie edges? _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ (You can feel and hear that the “plates” do not slide smoothly past one another, but rather stick then let go, stick then let go. The cracking sou ...
chapter 17 - the earth`s interior and geophysical properties
chapter 17 - the earth`s interior and geophysical properties

... mineralized waters circulating through open fractures in spite of the high bottom hole temperatures and pressures. It appears that there is more to learn about the characteristics of continental crust. 4.2 IN GREATER DEPTH – CANADIAN LITHOPROBE PROJECT – The Lithoprobe Project is an enormous scienti ...
Chapter 20 and 21 Earth: The Active Planet Moon: Airless World
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earthquake - SPS186.org
earthquake - SPS186.org

... 8.2 Measuring Earthquakes Earthquake Waves  Body Waves • Identified as P waves or S waves • P waves - Are push-pull waves that push (compress) and pull (expand) in the direction that the waves travel - Travel through solids, liquids, and gases - Have the greatest velocity of all earthquake waves ...
Investigation 1: Gathering Evidence and Modeling
Investigation 1: Gathering Evidence and Modeling

... o Use your straightedge and white board marker to extend the lines through the Earth to the other side. Think about the following before you begin:  Some of the lines will go through the Earth without hitting the inner circle.  Some of the lines, however, will hit the inner circle. This is a bound ...
Volcanoes and Igneous Activity Earth - Chapter 4
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... Earth as a System The Earth system is also powered by the Earth’s interior • Heat remaining from Earth’s formation, and heat that is continuously generated by radioactive decay, power the internal processes that produce volcanoes, earthquakes, and mountains • Volcanoes alone account for 5% of Earth ...
The Earth`s layers
The Earth`s layers

... and granites) and the core consists of heavy metals (nickel and iron). The crust is the layer that you live on, and it is the most widely studied and understood. The mantle is much hotter and has the ability to flow. The Outer and Inner Cores are hotter still with pressures so great that you would b ...
earthquake
earthquake

... 8.2 Measuring Earthquakes Earthquake Waves  Body Waves • Identified as P waves or S waves • P waves - Are push-pull waves that push (compress) and pull (expand) in the direction that the waves travel - Travel through solids, liquids, and gases - Have the greatest velocity of all earthquake waves ...
P and S waves moving through the Earth`s Interior
P and S waves moving through the Earth`s Interior

... from the time the waves are released to the time it penetrates the other side. By triangulating these measurements, the seismologists can get a better understanding of the composition of what the waves are traveling through. The waves travel at a higher velocity when going through denser materials. ...
Pangaea The Earth is divided into three layers
Pangaea The Earth is divided into three layers

... We live on the crust and it’s the thinnest layer -the mountains to the desert to the ocean floor. Two thirds of the Earth’s mass is the mantle in between the core and the crust The core is a mystery but through volcanoes some of the mantle reaches us. Hey, it is thought Pangaea was when the continen ...
Grade 7 Science - Octorara Area School District
Grade 7 Science - Octorara Area School District

... B. Differentiate between rotation and revolution. B. Diagram the positions of earth and its axis during the solstices and equinoxes. B. Identify the effects of Earth's rotation and revolution. B. Determine the influence of tilt on earth's axis as the cause of seasons. B. Diagram the positions of ear ...
GEOLOGY FOR MINING ENGINEERS
GEOLOGY FOR MINING ENGINEERS

... Within the past few decades, geologists have learned that continents creep across the Earth’s surface at a rate of a few centimeters every year. Catastrophic Change in Earth History Chances are small that the river flowing through your city will flood this spring, but if you lived to be 100 years ol ...
Forsyth, D.W., Lay, T., Aster, R.C., and Romanowicz, B. (2009). Grand challenges for seismology
Forsyth, D.W., Lay, T., Aster, R.C., and Romanowicz, B. (2009). Grand challenges for seismology

... 2005 (Mw = 8.7) were coupled. How do processes in the ocean and atmosphere interact with the solid Earth? Ocean storms, bolides, tornadoes, and glacier calving all generate signals that are readily detected by seismometers and atmospheric infrasound recorders. The multidisciplinary topic of how proc ...
ES Ch 3 Quiz Review `13
ES Ch 3 Quiz Review `13

... Rocks” lab. Be able to do simple examples involving finding numbers of half-lives. • Know how the age of the rocks right next to the each side of the rift valley compare to the ages of rocks as you move farther out on either side of the rift valley. • Know how magnetic “stripes” produced by reversal ...
Plate Tectonics Lesson Plan
Plate Tectonics Lesson Plan

... a. Part 4 introduces some vocabulary and asks students to label a cross-section of the Earth. Students are also asked to apply Plate Tectonics vocabulary words to describe the activities in Parts 1-3. b. Part 5 requires internet access. It may be done by lab groups if computers are available or by t ...
UNIT 5 Text: Where to Look for Petroleum Grammar Revision
UNIT 5 Text: Where to Look for Petroleum Grammar Revision

... A joint is a fracture that has opened without displacement of its adjacent walls. The two sides of a fracture may move in relation to each other. If they do, the fracture is called a fault. Geologists classify faults mainly by the direction of the movement. Movement is mostly vertical in normal and ...
STUDY GUIDE
STUDY GUIDE

... explaining each item in your own words Describe the properties of: 1. Convergent Boundaries (9.3) 2. Divergent Boundaries (9.3) 3. Transverse Boundaries (9.3) 4. What is the difference between “Constructive” & “Deconstructive” plate boundaries? (9.3) 5. Define “subduction zone.” (9.3) 6. Where do we ...
The structure of the earth – a plenary
The structure of the earth – a plenary

... This layer surrounds the very centre of the Earth. ...
Here
Here

... The Earth is composed of four different layers. The crust is the layer that you live on, and it is the most widely studied and understood. The mantle is much hotter and has the ability to flow. The outer core and inner core are even hotter with pressures so great you would be squeezed into a ball sm ...
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Spherical Earth



The concept of a spherical Earth dates back to around the 6th century BC, when it was mentioned in ancient Greek philosophy, but remained a matter of philosophical speculation until the 3rd century BC, when Hellenistic astronomy established the spherical shape of the earth as a physical given. The paradigm was gradually adopted throughout the Old World during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. A practical demonstration of Earth's sphericity was achieved by Ferdinand Magellan and Juan Sebastián Elcano's expedition's circumnavigation (1519−1522).The concept of a spherical Earth displaced earlier beliefs in a flat Earth: In early Mesopotamian mythology, the world was portrayed as a flat disk floating in the ocean and surrounded by a spherical sky, and this forms the premise for early world maps like those of Anaximander and Hecataeus of Miletus. Other speculations on the shape of Earth include a seven-layered ziggurat or cosmic mountain, alluded to in the Avesta and ancient Persian writings (see seven climes).The realization that the figure of the Earth is more accurately described as an ellipsoid dates to the 18th century (Maupertuis).In the early 19th century, the flattening of the earth ellipsoid was determined to be of the order of 1/300 (Delambre, Everest). The modern value as determined by the US DoD World Geodetic System since the 1960s is close to 1/298.25.
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