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Solid, rocky crust covering entire planet.
Solid, rocky crust covering entire planet.

... Estuaries are bodies of water and their surrounding coastal habitats typically found where rivers meet the sea. Estuaries harbor unique plant and animal communities because their waters are brackish—a mixture of fresh water draining from the land and ...
ppt - Discover Earth Science
ppt - Discover Earth Science

... • **The change in velocity of the P-Waves and ceasing of the S-waves is evidence that the outer core is liquid!!!** • After passing through the outer core, the P-waves increase in velocity as they pass through the solid inner core, then decrease as they go through the other side of the liquid outer ...
PlateBoundaries_Background
PlateBoundaries_Background

... 100 km thick, although its thickness is age dependent (older lithosphere is thicker).The lithosphere below the crust is brittle enough at some locations to produce earthquakes by faulting, such as within a subducted oceanic plate. Locked fault—a fault that is not slipping because frictional resistan ...
Internal Structure of the Earth and Lithosphere
Internal Structure of the Earth and Lithosphere

... Land use planning is an essential tool for pollution control and prevention. Land use categories refer to the different socioeconomic activities in a certain area, the human behaviors they create and their effect on the environment. These activities take place at a local level but contribute to glob ...
Ice Age: Continental Drift
Ice Age: Continental Drift

... interior melts the rock, which forms a thick, molten material. To get an idea of what molten rock is like, think of the texture of caramel candy left in the sun on a hot summer day. Piercing the mantle that lies under Earth’s oceans are deep wells called “hot spots.” Hot spots force magma, or molten ...
Plate Tectonics Study Guide
Plate Tectonics Study Guide

... What happens at a convergent plate boundary? How do the plates move? What geologic landforms are present at a convergent plate boundary? (Hint: there are three types of convergent plate boundaries) ...
plate tectonics review
plate tectonics review

... and rises and then cools and sinks. This circular pattern of movement within the mantle (called a convection current) pushes the lithospheric plates as they float. The movement and interaction of these plates causes most of the large scale changes on Earth's surface. ...
“I Can” Statement Template
“I Can” Statement Template

... earthquakes and volcanoes? ...
Click www.ondix.com to visit our student-to
Click www.ondix.com to visit our student-to

... widely accepted today, however. There was abundant evidence for Wegener to believe in the existance of Pangea. The shape of the continents could be pieced together like a giant jigsaw puzzle suggesting that the continents were once 'glued' together. The fossils found on the continents were not disti ...
facts and concepts that you need to know to pass the earth science
facts and concepts that you need to know to pass the earth science

... Winds blow from high pressure to low pressure. The closer the isobars the stronger the wind is. (The higher the pressure or temperature gradient the stronger the winds.) Anticyclones are high pressure with cool temperatures and dry air. The air moves clockwise, out, and down. Cyclones are low pressu ...
video slide
video slide

... formed spontaneously from those abiotically produced organic compounds • For example, small membrane-bounded droplets called liposomes can form when lipids or other organic molecules are added to water ...
Unit 3 Study Guide Name
Unit 3 Study Guide Name

... 10. T or F: Volcanoes and earthquakes form in similar areas. They are often found on the same plate boundaries. True False Possible essay/extended response questions: Explain the process of convection currents in the mantle and predict what would happen if Earth’s core cooled down in the future. ...
Aim: How do the different types of plate boundaries differ?
Aim: How do the different types of plate boundaries differ?

... • It is the deepest part of the earth's oceans, and the deepest location of the earth itself. • It was created by ocean-to-ocean subduction. ...
Layers of the Earth PBL
Layers of the Earth PBL

... less dense elements of the crust and mantle separated, forming layers around the dense core. The crust and mantle are composed primarily of the elements, oxygen, and silicon known as silicates. Silicates of the mantle contain heavier elements, making them more dense than those found in the crust. Th ...
Convergent Boundary - Plain Local Schools
Convergent Boundary - Plain Local Schools

... ________ ______ in the mantle. These convection cells _____ and _____ the plates in different directions causing plates to _____. What can happen when plates meet? - Mountains form ____ - Volcanoes erupt ____ or _____ - Earthquakes occur ...
GEOL 1010 - I Professor Bunds - Research at UVU
GEOL 1010 - I Professor Bunds - Research at UVU

Plate Tectonics Jeopardy 2016-17 - WITH
Plate Tectonics Jeopardy 2016-17 - WITH

... 3B. Why are there volcanoes at these island arcs and also on SOME subduction zone mountains on shore, like near Seattle, and the West Coast of South America? ...
CE Earthquake Review- 2010 1. How do
CE Earthquake Review- 2010 1. How do

... fossils on different continents. C. Rock records indicate continental boundaries used to be connected. 40. What is a seismologist? A scientist who studies earthquakes. 41. Which Chinese astronomer invented the first earthquake detector? Chang Heng 42. Where are earthquakes most likely to happen? Whe ...
Inside Earth Ch1 Jeopardy
Inside Earth Ch1 Jeopardy

... What are convection currents in the asthenosphere, molten material erupting from the mid-ocean ridge, sea-floor spreads as material cools and becomes more dense, then denser material subducts back into the mantle? Back to Board ...
3 The Inner Planets
3 The Inner Planets

Plate Tectonics The Two Types of Crust Physical Layers of the Earth
Plate Tectonics The Two Types of Crust Physical Layers of the Earth

... The Major Plates ...
earthquakes and volcanoes - Didattica Orizzonte Scuola
earthquakes and volcanoes - Didattica Orizzonte Scuola

... Earth’s crust is the layer of rock closest to the Earth’s surface. The crust is divided into a number of blocks of rock, called plates, that cover the planet. An earthquake is a sudden, violent shaking in Earth’s crust. It happens when two of these plates, under great pressure, move past each other ...
VEST `96, Plate Tectonics
VEST `96, Plate Tectonics

... Thus the Earth is chemically zoned. 90% of the whole Earth is Fe, O, Si, and Mg, but 90% of the crust is O, Si, Al, and Fe. The elements get layered but because they form compounds they are not layered simply by their atomic weights. For example, uranium, lead, and thorium, which are dense elements, ...
t.7. the earth`s dynamics.
t.7. the earth`s dynamics.

... A few hundred years ago, scientists believed that volcanoes were burning ________ of fire. Today we know they are really openings or vents to the hot ______ of the planet. About _____ hundred volcanoes around the world are classified as active. Nearly 90 % of these rest in the Ring of Fire, a band c ...
Earthquakes
Earthquakes

... their velocity depends on the density and resistance to shearing of the material. Fluids do not have shear strength and thus cannot transmit S-waves. ...
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Geophysics



Geophysics /dʒiːoʊfɪzɪks/ is a subject of natural science concerned with the physical processes and physical properties of the Earth and its surrounding space environment, and the use of quantitative methods for their analysis. The term geophysics sometimes refers only to the geological applications: Earth's shape; its gravitational and magnetic fields; its internal structure and composition; its dynamics and their surface expression in plate tectonics, the generation of magmas, volcanism and rock formation. However, modern geophysics organizations use a broader definition that includes the water cycle including snow and ice; fluid dynamics of the oceans and the atmosphere; electricity and magnetism in the ionosphere and magnetosphere and solar-terrestrial relations; and analogous problems associated with the Moon and other planets.Although geophysics was only recognized as a separate discipline in the 19th century, its origins go back to ancient times. The first magnetic compasses were made from lodestones, while more modern magnetic compasses played an important role in the history of navigation. The first seismic instrument was built in 132 BC. Isaac Newton applied his theory of mechanics to the tides and the precession of the equinox; and instruments were developed to measure the Earth's shape, density and gravity field, as well as the components of the water cycle. In the 20th century, geophysical methods were developed for remote exploration of the solid Earth and the ocean, and geophysics played an essential role in the development of the theory of plate tectonics.Geophysics is applied to societal needs, such as mineral resources, mitigation of natural hazards and environmental protection. Geophysical survey data are used to analyze potential petroleum reservoirs and mineral deposits, locate groundwater, find archaeological relics, determine the thickness of glaciers and soils, and assess sites for environmental remediation.
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