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... convergent zones? ANSWER: Oceanic lithosphere is denser/heavier. 5. Along which type(s) of lithospheric plate boundary are large earthquakes common? Why? ANSWER: Convergent, divergent, and transform. Some plates separate, others collide, and still others slide under, or over, or past one another, cr ...
... convergent zones? ANSWER: Oceanic lithosphere is denser/heavier. 5. Along which type(s) of lithospheric plate boundary are large earthquakes common? Why? ANSWER: Convergent, divergent, and transform. Some plates separate, others collide, and still others slide under, or over, or past one another, cr ...
Geology and Nonrenewable Minerals
... The earth is a dynamic planet • Geology is the science devoted to the study of dynamic processes occurring on the earth’s surface and in its interior. • Three major concentric zones. – The core is the earth’s innermost zone—extremely hot, with a solid inner part encircled by a liquid core of molten ...
... The earth is a dynamic planet • Geology is the science devoted to the study of dynamic processes occurring on the earth’s surface and in its interior. • Three major concentric zones. – The core is the earth’s innermost zone—extremely hot, with a solid inner part encircled by a liquid core of molten ...
PowerPoint slides
... Middle School – Earth’s Systems MS-ESS3-1. Students who demonstrate understanding can construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for how the uneven distribution of Earth’s mineral, energy, and groundwater resources are the result of past and current geoscience processes. Middle School – Ea ...
... Middle School – Earth’s Systems MS-ESS3-1. Students who demonstrate understanding can construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for how the uneven distribution of Earth’s mineral, energy, and groundwater resources are the result of past and current geoscience processes. Middle School – Ea ...
Sequence of events in an Earthquake
... Days or weeks may occur before a major earthquake or earthquakes occur. There are often many little shocks, or tremors, that occur called foreshocks. They are the result of pressure building the tectonic plates. ...
... Days or weeks may occur before a major earthquake or earthquakes occur. There are often many little shocks, or tremors, that occur called foreshocks. They are the result of pressure building the tectonic plates. ...
as a PDF
... from geological evidence, as guidelines for their computer simulations. From the models, they found that Australia had an inland sea 120mya ago when the global sea levels were low, because Australia, which was still attached to Antarctica, was near a subduction zone. A nearby subducting plate pulled ...
... from geological evidence, as guidelines for their computer simulations. From the models, they found that Australia had an inland sea 120mya ago when the global sea levels were low, because Australia, which was still attached to Antarctica, was near a subduction zone. A nearby subducting plate pulled ...
8-31 Core Mantle Crust.notebook
... This contour map of the thickness of the Earth's crust was developed from the CRUST 5.1 model. The contour interval is 10 km; we also include the 45 km contour for greater detail on the continents. ...
... This contour map of the thickness of the Earth's crust was developed from the CRUST 5.1 model. The contour interval is 10 km; we also include the 45 km contour for greater detail on the continents. ...
I. Convergent plate boundaries (destructive margins) (colliding
... creating Cascade Range, Transform boundary on southwest, south and nortth III. Evidence for the plate tectonics model 1. Paleomagnetism a. Probably the most persuasive evidence 1. poles align closely with geographic poles 2. migrate over time: North pole has been in northern Canada since 1600s b. An ...
... creating Cascade Range, Transform boundary on southwest, south and nortth III. Evidence for the plate tectonics model 1. Paleomagnetism a. Probably the most persuasive evidence 1. poles align closely with geographic poles 2. migrate over time: North pole has been in northern Canada since 1600s b. An ...
ISN- Insert Plate Tectonics for Cornell Notes
... or faults. They fit closely together and carry the continents, or parts of the ocean floor, or both. In the mid-1960s, geologists combined what they knew about seafloor spreading, Earth’s plates, and plate motion into a single theory called plate tectonics. The theory of plate tectonics states that ...
... or faults. They fit closely together and carry the continents, or parts of the ocean floor, or both. In the mid-1960s, geologists combined what they knew about seafloor spreading, Earth’s plates, and plate motion into a single theory called plate tectonics. The theory of plate tectonics states that ...
The Diversity of Life MODIFIED
... •continuous shell of solid rock around Earth •contains Earth’s solid crust and a flexible part of the mantle •crust is somewhat cracked •pushed in different directions by currents in the mantle caused by heat (convection currents). ...
... •continuous shell of solid rock around Earth •contains Earth’s solid crust and a flexible part of the mantle •crust is somewhat cracked •pushed in different directions by currents in the mantle caused by heat (convection currents). ...
Kusky Tim
... accretion with time. Komatiites and banded iron formations occur predominantly in Archean orogenic belts, reflecting higher mantle temperatures and less oxic seawater composition, respectively, before 2.5 Ga. This is clear documentation that plate tectonics, including the lateral movement of oceanic ...
... accretion with time. Komatiites and banded iron formations occur predominantly in Archean orogenic belts, reflecting higher mantle temperatures and less oxic seawater composition, respectively, before 2.5 Ga. This is clear documentation that plate tectonics, including the lateral movement of oceanic ...
Mineral resource
... 1. Dynamic forces that move matter within the earth and on its surface recycle the earth’s rocks, form deposits of mineral resources, and cause volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and tsunamis. 2. The available supply of a mineral resource depends on how much of it is in the earth’s crust, how fast we ...
... 1. Dynamic forces that move matter within the earth and on its surface recycle the earth’s rocks, form deposits of mineral resources, and cause volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and tsunamis. 2. The available supply of a mineral resource depends on how much of it is in the earth’s crust, how fast we ...
File
... Locating Earthquakes • Because P waves and S waves travel at different speeds, the difference in their arrival times can be used to determine the DISTANCE away an earthquake occurred. ...
... Locating Earthquakes • Because P waves and S waves travel at different speeds, the difference in their arrival times can be used to determine the DISTANCE away an earthquake occurred. ...
Earthquake Lesson
... – Friction between plates prevents them from moving, so strain builds up. The rock deforms. Eventually, the strain becomes great enough that the rock moves, and returns to normal shape. This causes an earthquake (elastic rebound theory). ...
... – Friction between plates prevents them from moving, so strain builds up. The rock deforms. Eventually, the strain becomes great enough that the rock moves, and returns to normal shape. This causes an earthquake (elastic rebound theory). ...
The Layered Earth - Starry Night Education
... Earth’s internal heat powers convection in the mantle and this causes the plates to move across Earth surface and interact with one another. ...
... Earth’s internal heat powers convection in the mantle and this causes the plates to move across Earth surface and interact with one another. ...
Convection and Plate tectonic lab1
... One of the models that helps explain how tectonic plates move is the convection model. In this hypothesis, the molten magma of the mantle boils like water in a pot. The pattern of the moving water forms a circular wave or current as hot water rises to the top and cooler surface water is forced to th ...
... One of the models that helps explain how tectonic plates move is the convection model. In this hypothesis, the molten magma of the mantle boils like water in a pot. The pattern of the moving water forms a circular wave or current as hot water rises to the top and cooler surface water is forced to th ...
Oceanic Crust
... • Surface currents are affected by Winds Continental deflections Coriolis Effect – following the curve of the Earth as it rotates • Deep ocean currents are affected by Temperature differences (density) ...
... • Surface currents are affected by Winds Continental deflections Coriolis Effect – following the curve of the Earth as it rotates • Deep ocean currents are affected by Temperature differences (density) ...
PLATE TECTONICS
... These magnetic reversals are caused by changes in Earth’s magnetic fields. Bands of rock record periods of magnetic reversals. As molten material cools, magnetic minerals line up with the magnetic field. When it hardens, the minerals act like tiny compass needles. ...
... These magnetic reversals are caused by changes in Earth’s magnetic fields. Bands of rock record periods of magnetic reversals. As molten material cools, magnetic minerals line up with the magnetic field. When it hardens, the minerals act like tiny compass needles. ...
nonsequitur - Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
... • Intraplate volcanism on oceanic plates often forms a pattern of linear chains of islands/seamounts ...
... • Intraplate volcanism on oceanic plates often forms a pattern of linear chains of islands/seamounts ...
Fundamental Concepts in Igneous Petrology
... Variation of T with depth is geothermal gradient. gradient Related to factors including cooling initiated in the early Earth and radioactive decay. decay ...
... Variation of T with depth is geothermal gradient. gradient Related to factors including cooling initiated in the early Earth and radioactive decay. decay ...
Lecture 9b: Upper Mantle Structure and Composition
... • average chemical composition is similar to granodiorite • heterogeneous vertically and laterally • wide range of ages most elements forming continental crust migrated from Earth’s interior during Archean (3.8-2.5 Ga): differentiation Earth was too hot to form permanent crust prior to 3.8 Ga; surfa ...
... • average chemical composition is similar to granodiorite • heterogeneous vertically and laterally • wide range of ages most elements forming continental crust migrated from Earth’s interior during Archean (3.8-2.5 Ga): differentiation Earth was too hot to form permanent crust prior to 3.8 Ga; surfa ...
Chapter 3-The Dynamic Earth
... One of the most important functions of the world ocean is to absorb and store energy from sunlight which in turn regulates temperatures in Earth’s atmosphere. Because the ocean both absorbs and releases heat slower than land, the temperature of the atmosphere changes more slowly. If the ocean did no ...
... One of the most important functions of the world ocean is to absorb and store energy from sunlight which in turn regulates temperatures in Earth’s atmosphere. Because the ocean both absorbs and releases heat slower than land, the temperature of the atmosphere changes more slowly. If the ocean did no ...
The changing Earth. - Concord High School
... Literacy: A.L.A.R.M; Remember I.D.E.A and stop at the verb provided Identify: Name and Define Describe: Differentiate and distinguish by providing characteristics, features and properties Explain: Cause and effect = LINK purpose or function of EACH feature or characteristic listed above (Use linking ...
... Literacy: A.L.A.R.M; Remember I.D.E.A and stop at the verb provided Identify: Name and Define Describe: Differentiate and distinguish by providing characteristics, features and properties Explain: Cause and effect = LINK purpose or function of EACH feature or characteristic listed above (Use linking ...
Physics 2028: Great Ideas in Science II: The Changing Earth Module
... nickel and iron =⇒ a process known as the dynamo theory. The electric currents arise from the Earth’s rotation. The details of the geomagnetic field source is still not well understood. 9. Dynamo theory describes the process through which a rotating, convecting, and electrically conducting fluid act ...
... nickel and iron =⇒ a process known as the dynamo theory. The electric currents arise from the Earth’s rotation. The details of the geomagnetic field source is still not well understood. 9. Dynamo theory describes the process through which a rotating, convecting, and electrically conducting fluid act ...
Unit 4: Crustal Change
... 2. Both P and S waves speed up as rock density increases. 3. P waves travel through solids and liquids. S waves travel only through solids ...
... 2. Both P and S waves speed up as rock density increases. 3. P waves travel through solids and liquids. S waves travel only through solids ...
Section 19.1 Forces Within Earth
... • The horizontal movement pulls rock apart and stretches the crust. • Vertical movement occurs as the stretching causes rock on one side of the fault to move down relative to the other side. ...
... • The horizontal movement pulls rock apart and stretches the crust. • Vertical movement occurs as the stretching causes rock on one side of the fault to move down relative to the other side. ...
Geophysics
Geophysics /dʒiːoʊfɪzɪks/ is a subject of natural science concerned with the physical processes and physical properties of the Earth and its surrounding space environment, and the use of quantitative methods for their analysis. The term geophysics sometimes refers only to the geological applications: Earth's shape; its gravitational and magnetic fields; its internal structure and composition; its dynamics and their surface expression in plate tectonics, the generation of magmas, volcanism and rock formation. However, modern geophysics organizations use a broader definition that includes the water cycle including snow and ice; fluid dynamics of the oceans and the atmosphere; electricity and magnetism in the ionosphere and magnetosphere and solar-terrestrial relations; and analogous problems associated with the Moon and other planets.Although geophysics was only recognized as a separate discipline in the 19th century, its origins go back to ancient times. The first magnetic compasses were made from lodestones, while more modern magnetic compasses played an important role in the history of navigation. The first seismic instrument was built in 132 BC. Isaac Newton applied his theory of mechanics to the tides and the precession of the equinox; and instruments were developed to measure the Earth's shape, density and gravity field, as well as the components of the water cycle. In the 20th century, geophysical methods were developed for remote exploration of the solid Earth and the ocean, and geophysics played an essential role in the development of the theory of plate tectonics.Geophysics is applied to societal needs, such as mineral resources, mitigation of natural hazards and environmental protection. Geophysical survey data are used to analyze potential petroleum reservoirs and mineral deposits, locate groundwater, find archaeological relics, determine the thickness of glaciers and soils, and assess sites for environmental remediation.