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... The arrival of plate tectonics was a scientific revolution: Plate tectonic theory states that the Earth's surface is broken into rigid lithospheric plates that slide on top of asthenospheric mantle. The boundary between these lithosphere and asthenosphere is based on rheology (typically defined by ...
Plate tectonics ws File
Plate tectonics ws File

... relationship. Fossils, plants and rocks of similar type were found separated by wide expanses of ocean. However, he couldn’t suggest a plausible mechanism as to how the continents could move around, hence his theory was not accepted by many scientists. His theory was finally accepted in 1960! Only r ...
ppt - Discover Earth Science
ppt - Discover Earth Science

... – If two oceanic plates converge, volcanic islands will form (ex - Aleutian Islands in Alaska) – If one plate is continental and the other oceanic, the volcanoes will form along the edge of the continental crust (ex - Cascade Mountain Range on Western US) ...
Assessment Test Spring 2009- Earth Science
Assessment Test Spring 2009- Earth Science

... A. Demonstrate knowledge of and recognize the processes that explain natural earth phenomena. 1. Which process does NOT belong to the water cycle? a. condensation b. soil c. run-off ...
Sample Question Answer (300 Words)
Sample Question Answer (300 Words)

... widening at a long-term average rate of about 2 inches (5 centimeters) per year. Seafloor spreading is proceeding even faster in parts of the Pacific. Indeed, some geophysicists have postulated that oceans are being created and removed by crustal rearrangement on about a 100-million-year cycle. Modi ...
Warm-Up - mssarnelli
Warm-Up - mssarnelli

... Where would you most likely find this type of rock? ...
What Are Earthquakes?
What Are Earthquakes?

... lithosphere to break up into fault blocks. • These blocks thrust over one another as the plates move. • Two types of earthquakes may occur. • Between the two plates & • Inside the down going plate. ...
Magnitude 7.1 FIJI
Magnitude 7.1 FIJI

... Deep earthquakes occur within cold subducting oceanic plates. Eventually subducting oceanic plates warm as they penetrate deeper into Earth’s mantle. As the plates warm, they become viscoelastic and are no longer brittle enough to produce earthquakes. So with greater depth, a smaller portion of a su ...
Assessment Test Spring 2009- Earth Science
Assessment Test Spring 2009- Earth Science

... A. Demonstrate knowledge of and recognize the processes that explain natural earth phenomena. 1. Which process does NOT belong to the water cycle? a. condensation b. soil c. run-off ...
Plate Tectonics Webquest
Plate Tectonics Webquest

... where the ocean floor was being ripped in two lengthwise along the ridge crest. New magma from deep within the Earth rises easily through these weak zones and eventually erupts along the crest of the ridges to create new oceanic crust. This process, was later called _____________ _____________. 13. ...
Notes: Plate Boundaries Name: Plate Tectonics
Notes: Plate Boundaries Name: Plate Tectonics

... Ø The Earth’s crust is broken into different size pieces called TECTONIC PLATES. Ø The locations of the plates were discovered by the locations of EARTHQUAKES and VOLCANOES Ø The plates are moving because of MANTLE CONVECTION. ...
I have, Who has
I have, Who has

... I have Secondary (S) Wave. Who has the 3 main types of waves? I have Seismograph. Who has cracks in the Earth’s surface where tectonic plates meet and can lead to earthquakes? I have Richter Scale. Who has the force that is carried through waves? ...
EarthTestReview_Coelho
EarthTestReview_Coelho

... nonrenewable resources – remember we want to conserve ...
Theory of Plate Tectonics
Theory of Plate Tectonics

... Most of the mantle of our planet is hot enough to flow. The surface of Earth, however, is chilled as it loses heat into space. As a result, the rocks of Earth’s surface are hard and brittle. The cold outer layer of our planet, which holds together as a rigid shell, is not made of one solid piece. In ...
6th Grade Science Syllabus
6th Grade Science Syllabus

... Topics and Concepts (and essential questions) processes that create different types of rock 5-6 Sessions Earth History Understand how fossils Investigation 6 and other evidence are It’s About Time used to document life and environmental changes over time 2-3 Sessions Earth History Understand how fos ...
Lab 506-Plate Tectonics
Lab 506-Plate Tectonics

... Since new seafloor is formed at the divergent boundaries…the notion of seafloor spreading can also be observed… ...
Lab 06-Plate Tectonics
Lab 06-Plate Tectonics

... Since new seafloor is formed at the divergent boundaries…the notion of seafloor spreading can also be observed… ...
KEY - Belmont Secondary Home Page
KEY - Belmont Secondary Home Page

... a. ten times thicker (~300 vs ~3000km) b. one hundred times thicker c. two times thicker d. one thousand times thicker ...
Our Changing Earth: Plate Tectonics and Large
Our Changing Earth: Plate Tectonics and Large

... After!a!few!more!minutes,!the!boys!stopped!and!had!some!water,!while!Uncle!Max!showed! them!where!they!were!on!the!map.!They!were!almost!at!the!bottom!of!the!mountain—they! could!see!it!right!up!in!front!of!them.!! “In! school! we! learned! that! the! Earth’s! surface! moves,”! said! David,! as! the ...
Venus atmosphere and climate
Venus atmosphere and climate

... • CO2, Sulfur may be volcanic in origin, but we have not yet detected any direct evidence for active volcanism now. ...
Benchmark 2 Study Guide Answer Key
Benchmark 2 Study Guide Answer Key

... c. __distance over which the wind blows__________________________ 12. What is the cause of surface currents? _wind which curves due to the corriolis effect __ 13. What is the cause of deep ocean or density currents? ____differences in temperature__ and ___differences in salinity____________________ ...
Science Focus Unit 5 - Menno Simons Christian School
Science Focus Unit 5 - Menno Simons Christian School

... Geological Evidence of Climate - coal provided more evidence, because in order for it to form, a rich tropical plant environment must have been present – coal is found in moderate to cold climates - evidence of even greater climatic changes were found in places likely covered by glaciers (these plac ...
The Theory of Plate Tectonics
The Theory of Plate Tectonics

... • Earth’s surface is broken into many jagged pieces. The surface is like the shell of a hard-boiled egg that has been dropped. The pieces of Earth’s surface are called plates. Plates carry continents, ocean floors, or both. • The theory of plate tectonics (tek TAHN iks) says that Earth’s plates move ...
Plate Tectonics Review
Plate Tectonics Review

... A: First, a lag time graph for the difference of arrival times of P and S waves is created. This can determine how far the epicenter is from each seismograph station. After getting this information it is plugged into a computer and triangulations are created to give the location. ...
Name_____________ Plate tectonics review 1 State the latitude
Name_____________ Plate tectonics review 1 State the latitude

... Base your answers to questions 17 through 21 on the map and the modified Mercalli intensity scale below. The map shows modified Mercalli intensity scale damage zones resulting from a large earthquake that occurred in 1964. The earthquake’s epicenter was near Anchorage, Alaska. The cities Kodiak and ...
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Geophysics



Geophysics /dʒiːoʊfɪzɪks/ is a subject of natural science concerned with the physical processes and physical properties of the Earth and its surrounding space environment, and the use of quantitative methods for their analysis. The term geophysics sometimes refers only to the geological applications: Earth's shape; its gravitational and magnetic fields; its internal structure and composition; its dynamics and their surface expression in plate tectonics, the generation of magmas, volcanism and rock formation. However, modern geophysics organizations use a broader definition that includes the water cycle including snow and ice; fluid dynamics of the oceans and the atmosphere; electricity and magnetism in the ionosphere and magnetosphere and solar-terrestrial relations; and analogous problems associated with the Moon and other planets.Although geophysics was only recognized as a separate discipline in the 19th century, its origins go back to ancient times. The first magnetic compasses were made from lodestones, while more modern magnetic compasses played an important role in the history of navigation. The first seismic instrument was built in 132 BC. Isaac Newton applied his theory of mechanics to the tides and the precession of the equinox; and instruments were developed to measure the Earth's shape, density and gravity field, as well as the components of the water cycle. In the 20th century, geophysical methods were developed for remote exploration of the solid Earth and the ocean, and geophysics played an essential role in the development of the theory of plate tectonics.Geophysics is applied to societal needs, such as mineral resources, mitigation of natural hazards and environmental protection. Geophysical survey data are used to analyze potential petroleum reservoirs and mineral deposits, locate groundwater, find archaeological relics, determine the thickness of glaciers and soils, and assess sites for environmental remediation.
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