The Fractional Fourier Transform. with Applications in Optics and Signal
... covering both theory and applications. As a generalisation of the Fourier transform, the fractional Fourier transform is richer in theory and more flexible in applications but not more costly in implementation. This text consolidates knowledge on the transform and illustrates its application in dive ...
... covering both theory and applications. As a generalisation of the Fourier transform, the fractional Fourier transform is richer in theory and more flexible in applications but not more costly in implementation. This text consolidates knowledge on the transform and illustrates its application in dive ...
Is the Magnetosphere a Lens to MHD Waves?
... the magnetotailand can have significantimplicationsfor the dynamics of substorms. The objectiveof this letter is to presentthe basicphysics underlyingthe idea of the magnetosphereas a lens by using a simplified analysisthat relies on conventionaltechniques of optics. More detailedanalysisand modelin ...
... the magnetotailand can have significantimplicationsfor the dynamics of substorms. The objectiveof this letter is to presentthe basicphysics underlyingthe idea of the magnetosphereas a lens by using a simplified analysisthat relies on conventionaltechniques of optics. More detailedanalysisand modelin ...
In Situ Imaging of Cold Atomic Gases
... In the limit of small phase shifts (ϕ), the phase modulated light leaving the atom cloud can be decomposed into the original plane wave and a small secondary plane wave that is π/2 out of phase. At the detector, we can write the complex electric field produced by the incoming plane wave as: ...
... In the limit of small phase shifts (ϕ), the phase modulated light leaving the atom cloud can be decomposed into the original plane wave and a small secondary plane wave that is π/2 out of phase. At the detector, we can write the complex electric field produced by the incoming plane wave as: ...
Engineering Optics and Optical Techniques
... SP-2: Collimated light containing the wavelengths 600 nm and 610 nm is diffracted by a plane grating ruled with 60 lines to the millimeter. If a lens of 2 m focal length is used to focus the light on a screen, what is the linear distance between these two lines in the first order? ...
... SP-2: Collimated light containing the wavelengths 600 nm and 610 nm is diffracted by a plane grating ruled with 60 lines to the millimeter. If a lens of 2 m focal length is used to focus the light on a screen, what is the linear distance between these two lines in the first order? ...
Irradiance transport equation from geometrical - E
... theorem together with the representation of the Poynting vector in the eikonal approximation. It is shown that the irradiance transport equation is a particular case of a more general conservation equation and is valid in the paraxial regime. An analysis of the range of validity of the irradiance tr ...
... theorem together with the representation of the Poynting vector in the eikonal approximation. It is shown that the irradiance transport equation is a particular case of a more general conservation equation and is valid in the paraxial regime. An analysis of the range of validity of the irradiance tr ...
Mirrors and Lenses
... First ray: parallel to optical axis and refracting through focal point. Second ray: called the chief ray passes from the object through the center of the lens un-refracted. Third ray: through the focal point and refracting parallel to optical ...
... First ray: parallel to optical axis and refracting through focal point. Second ray: called the chief ray passes from the object through the center of the lens un-refracted. Third ray: through the focal point and refracting parallel to optical ...
Properties of Waves
... The distance between a sound and an object can be found by using the wave equation – but remember, it will be double the distance between the sound and the hard surface s = 2d/t Where s is the speed of sound in air (or whatever medium it is travelling through), d is distance and t is ...
... The distance between a sound and an object can be found by using the wave equation – but remember, it will be double the distance between the sound and the hard surface s = 2d/t Where s is the speed of sound in air (or whatever medium it is travelling through), d is distance and t is ...
2 Theoretical Concepts
... e−(kx +ky )(w0 /4+iz/2k) ei(kx x+ky y) dkx dky 4π Here, we used the paraxial approximation: r kx2 + ky2 kx2 + ky2 kz = k 1 − ...
... e−(kx +ky )(w0 /4+iz/2k) ei(kx x+ky y) dkx dky 4π Here, we used the paraxial approximation: r kx2 + ky2 kx2 + ky2 kz = k 1 − ...
waveplates - CVI Laser Optics
... For the full-, half-, and quarter-wave waveplate examples given in standard waveplates, the order of the waveplate is given by the integer m. For m > 0, the waveplate is termed a multiple-order waveplate. For m = 0, we have a zero order waveplate. The birefringence of crystal quartz near 500 nm is a ...
... For the full-, half-, and quarter-wave waveplate examples given in standard waveplates, the order of the waveplate is given by the integer m. For m > 0, the waveplate is termed a multiple-order waveplate. For m = 0, we have a zero order waveplate. The birefringence of crystal quartz near 500 nm is a ...
Properties of Multilayer Optics
... As seen from the plots, phase retardation based on reflection can be quite effective, producing Δφ≈45 degrees. Because of the necessity of operating near 45 degrees for decent phase shifts, the reflectivity of the p-component is quite low (≤0.1), which is extended to ≤0.01(two reflections) if it is ...
... As seen from the plots, phase retardation based on reflection can be quite effective, producing Δφ≈45 degrees. Because of the necessity of operating near 45 degrees for decent phase shifts, the reflectivity of the p-component is quite low (≤0.1), which is extended to ≤0.01(two reflections) if it is ...
Lecture 11
... what this is saying is that, in some sense, wave phenomena are absent in the paraxial approximation. As we will see, this transformation rule applies in more general situations as long as the paraxial approximation holds. But let痴 focus on the Gaussian beam for concreteness. The Gaussian beam stays ...
... what this is saying is that, in some sense, wave phenomena are absent in the paraxial approximation. As we will see, this transformation rule applies in more general situations as long as the paraxial approximation holds. But let痴 focus on the Gaussian beam for concreteness. The Gaussian beam stays ...
Microscopy Basics
... Bright field microscopy is based on absorption of light in the sample. Most biological objects, however, absorb only weakly in the visible spectrum. This lead to: • Development of specific staining (nowadays almost entirely replaced by fluorescent labeling) • Development of UV microscopy (Köhler) fa ...
... Bright field microscopy is based on absorption of light in the sample. Most biological objects, however, absorb only weakly in the visible spectrum. This lead to: • Development of specific staining (nowadays almost entirely replaced by fluorescent labeling) • Development of UV microscopy (Köhler) fa ...
Localized superluminal solutions to the wave equation in
... where Dx Dxþ or Dx . Because of the nonsymmetric character of spectrum (5), let us call Dxþ ð> 0) the bandwidth to the right, and Dx (< 0) the bandwidth to the left of the spectrum central frequency xc ; so that Dx ¼ Dxþ Dx . It should be noted, however, that, already for small values of m ( ...
... where Dx Dxþ or Dx . Because of the nonsymmetric character of spectrum (5), let us call Dxþ ð> 0) the bandwidth to the right, and Dx (< 0) the bandwidth to the left of the spectrum central frequency xc ; so that Dx ¼ Dxþ Dx . It should be noted, however, that, already for small values of m ( ...
Gaurav Chetna Josan - Department of Electrical Engineering
... Linear optics- ‘Optics of weak light’: Light is deflected or delayed but its frequency is unchanged. ...
... Linear optics- ‘Optics of weak light’: Light is deflected or delayed but its frequency is unchanged. ...
PPT Lecture Notes
... • What are the evolutionary advantages of being sensitive to light, per se (versus some other part of the E.M. spectrum)? • Light is “bouncy”. Unlike longer-wave energy, which passes through many opaque objects, light can be reflected (‘bounced’) off of objects, making them visible. Light’s a better ...
... • What are the evolutionary advantages of being sensitive to light, per se (versus some other part of the E.M. spectrum)? • Light is “bouncy”. Unlike longer-wave energy, which passes through many opaque objects, light can be reflected (‘bounced’) off of objects, making them visible. Light’s a better ...
5 Convolution of Two Functions - School of Physics and Astronomy
... Of more importance, if we consider f (x) to be the “signal” and h(x) to be the “target” then we see that the correlation gives a peak where the “signal” matches the “target”. This gives the basis of the simples method of target detection2 . In the Fourier Domain the Correlation Theorem becomes C(u) ...
... Of more importance, if we consider f (x) to be the “signal” and h(x) to be the “target” then we see that the correlation gives a peak where the “signal” matches the “target”. This gives the basis of the simples method of target detection2 . In the Fourier Domain the Correlation Theorem becomes C(u) ...
Image formation and optical transfer function in a course of
... values [different sizes of the effective light source]: Fig. 4a S=O.2, Fig. 4b S=O.5, Fig. 4c S=oo. Each figure shows the images of the five bars on different defocused planes: W200, W200. 17, W200.34, W200.51, and W200.68. A common behaviour shown in all the figures is that the contrast of the bars ...
... values [different sizes of the effective light source]: Fig. 4a S=O.2, Fig. 4b S=O.5, Fig. 4c S=oo. Each figure shows the images of the five bars on different defocused planes: W200, W200. 17, W200.34, W200.51, and W200.68. A common behaviour shown in all the figures is that the contrast of the bars ...
Chapter 23: Electromagnetic waves What will we learn in this chapter?
... stretched strings. In an EM wave, the E and B field are sinusoidal in time. This is similar to the rudimentary wave in that the fields are uniform in the propagation front. We call such a wave a plane wave. EM waves can be described by wave functions: ...
... stretched strings. In an EM wave, the E and B field are sinusoidal in time. This is similar to the rudimentary wave in that the fields are uniform in the propagation front. We call such a wave a plane wave. EM waves can be described by wave functions: ...