electron transport chain
... phosphorylation, chemiosmosis couples electron transport to ATP synthesis • Following glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, NADH and FADH2 account for most of the energy extracted from food • These two electron carriers donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via ...
... phosphorylation, chemiosmosis couples electron transport to ATP synthesis • Following glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, NADH and FADH2 account for most of the energy extracted from food • These two electron carriers donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via ...
SBI-4U1 Exam Review
... 1. What is the difference between passive transport, and active transport? Give an example of a substance that is moved across the cell membrane by each of these methods. Passive – moves substances along their concentration gradients; no energy required. Example: oxygen into cells Active – moves sub ...
... 1. What is the difference between passive transport, and active transport? Give an example of a substance that is moved across the cell membrane by each of these methods. Passive – moves substances along their concentration gradients; no energy required. Example: oxygen into cells Active – moves sub ...
Cellular Respiration in More Depth Part 1: ATP—The
... able to handle all that energy at once to do the work of the cell. Cellular respiration is essentially the same reaction as combustion, but the oxidation of glucose occurs in several controlled steps. The same amount of energy is ultimately released, but it is gradually released in small, controlled ...
... able to handle all that energy at once to do the work of the cell. Cellular respiration is essentially the same reaction as combustion, but the oxidation of glucose occurs in several controlled steps. The same amount of energy is ultimately released, but it is gradually released in small, controlled ...
CHAPTER 26: Lipid Metabolism
... Fatty acid oxidation takes place in the mitochondria near the Krebs cycle etc., makes it v. efficient I. Step One - Fatty acid must be activated, it is relatively inert - Activated by removing –OH, subst. with CoA (uses up eff. 2 ATP) O R ...
... Fatty acid oxidation takes place in the mitochondria near the Krebs cycle etc., makes it v. efficient I. Step One - Fatty acid must be activated, it is relatively inert - Activated by removing –OH, subst. with CoA (uses up eff. 2 ATP) O R ...
CHAPTER 26: Lipid Metabolism - Richest energy source
... Fatty acid oxidation takes place in the mitochondria near the Krebs cycle etc., makes it v. efficient I. Step One - Fatty acid must be activated, it is relatively inert - Activated by removing –OH, subst. with CoA (uses up eff. 2 ATP) O R ...
... Fatty acid oxidation takes place in the mitochondria near the Krebs cycle etc., makes it v. efficient I. Step One - Fatty acid must be activated, it is relatively inert - Activated by removing –OH, subst. with CoA (uses up eff. 2 ATP) O R ...
Glucose Metabolism Glycolysis Expectations
... • Concept: Phosphoryl group transfer potential • Chemical logic? ...
... • Concept: Phosphoryl group transfer potential • Chemical logic? ...
Bioenergetics Test Study Guide - Mater Academy Lakes High School
... Glycolysis will continue to run, since it is an anerobic process. It will produce the same products, pyruvic acid, energy, and NADH. Unfortunately, we cannot have all this high energy NADH running around, so we need something to bring it back to its lower energy state, NAD+. In alcoholic fermentatio ...
... Glycolysis will continue to run, since it is an anerobic process. It will produce the same products, pyruvic acid, energy, and NADH. Unfortunately, we cannot have all this high energy NADH running around, so we need something to bring it back to its lower energy state, NAD+. In alcoholic fermentatio ...
File
... During strenuous muscular activity, creatine phosphate in muscle cells breaks down, releasing energy and phosphate, which is used to convert ADP to ATP by phosphorylation Creatine phosphate system can only support strenuous muscle activity for around 10 seconds, and then the creatine phosphate suppl ...
... During strenuous muscular activity, creatine phosphate in muscle cells breaks down, releasing energy and phosphate, which is used to convert ADP to ATP by phosphorylation Creatine phosphate system can only support strenuous muscle activity for around 10 seconds, and then the creatine phosphate suppl ...
unit 3 – cellular energy processes
... 11. Understand the role of FAD and NAD + in the process of respiration. 12. Compare the efficiency of substrate-level phosphorylation to oxidative phosphorylation. 13. Identify the number of ATP molecules produced by glycolysis, Krebs, and oxidative phosphorylation. 14. Interpret data related to the ...
... 11. Understand the role of FAD and NAD + in the process of respiration. 12. Compare the efficiency of substrate-level phosphorylation to oxidative phosphorylation. 13. Identify the number of ATP molecules produced by glycolysis, Krebs, and oxidative phosphorylation. 14. Interpret data related to the ...
Cellular Respiration Discussion Part 2 Filled In
... (LONGER term energy) After glycogen stores are used up the body begins to FAT break down ________ That’s why aerobic exercise must continue for longer than 20 minutes if you want to lose weight! Image from: http://blackmovie.us/movie/Fat.Albert/fat.albert.movie.jpg ...
... (LONGER term energy) After glycogen stores are used up the body begins to FAT break down ________ That’s why aerobic exercise must continue for longer than 20 minutes if you want to lose weight! Image from: http://blackmovie.us/movie/Fat.Albert/fat.albert.movie.jpg ...
TRICARBOXYLIC ACID CYCLE
... oxidation of carbohydrate, fat and amino acids via acetyl coenzyme A. • Pyruvate is converted to acetyl coenzyme A by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. • The reactions of the TCA cycle generate carbon dioxide, reduced NAD, reduced FAD and GTP • There are negative and positive controls for the TCA ...
... oxidation of carbohydrate, fat and amino acids via acetyl coenzyme A. • Pyruvate is converted to acetyl coenzyme A by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. • The reactions of the TCA cycle generate carbon dioxide, reduced NAD, reduced FAD and GTP • There are negative and positive controls for the TCA ...
Chapter 7 – Cellular Respiration
... Phases of aerobic cellular respiration 1. Glycolysis 2. Transition or Acetyl-CoA reaction 3. Krebs cycle 4. Electron transport system These phases are nothing more than metabolic reactions involving the conversion of glucose & other molecules into carbon dioxide & water The resulting energy released ...
... Phases of aerobic cellular respiration 1. Glycolysis 2. Transition or Acetyl-CoA reaction 3. Krebs cycle 4. Electron transport system These phases are nothing more than metabolic reactions involving the conversion of glucose & other molecules into carbon dioxide & water The resulting energy released ...
Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase
... In contrast, the inner membrane is intrinsically impermeable to nearly all ions and polar molecules. A large family of transporters shuttles metabolites such as ATP, pyruvate, and citrate across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The two faces of this membrane will be referred to as the: ...
... In contrast, the inner membrane is intrinsically impermeable to nearly all ions and polar molecules. A large family of transporters shuttles metabolites such as ATP, pyruvate, and citrate across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The two faces of this membrane will be referred to as the: ...
Chapter 8: An Introduction to Metabolism
... Metabolism is the totality of chemical reactions that take place in living organisms. To create and maintain the structural order required for life requires an input of free energy – from sunlight for photosynthetic organisms and from energy-rich food molecules for other organisms. A cell couples c ...
... Metabolism is the totality of chemical reactions that take place in living organisms. To create and maintain the structural order required for life requires an input of free energy – from sunlight for photosynthetic organisms and from energy-rich food molecules for other organisms. A cell couples c ...
Chapter 04 - Lecture Outline
... the electron transport chain; o oxygen is the final electron acceptor (forming water); o NADH or FADH2 are oxidized; back to their original form o The energy released is used to synthesize ATP o The process of producing ATP indirectly through redox reactions is called oxidative phosphorylation ...
... the electron transport chain; o oxygen is the final electron acceptor (forming water); o NADH or FADH2 are oxidized; back to their original form o The energy released is used to synthesize ATP o The process of producing ATP indirectly through redox reactions is called oxidative phosphorylation ...
Chapter 7 - HCC Southeast Commons
... Krebs Cycle Each turn of the Krebs cycle, one acetyl-CoA is converted to two molecules of CO2 After two cycles • Two pyruvates are dismantled • Glucose molecule that entered glycolysis is fully broken down ...
... Krebs Cycle Each turn of the Krebs cycle, one acetyl-CoA is converted to two molecules of CO2 After two cycles • Two pyruvates are dismantled • Glucose molecule that entered glycolysis is fully broken down ...
Cellular Respiration - Labs - Department of Plant Biology, Cornell
... Each cell has the basic chemicals required for life, however, the precursors required by each cell, the rate of turnover of the chemicals, and the chemicals produced by each cell differ depending on cell type. The structure and chemical composition of a cell depends on the function of the cell in an ...
... Each cell has the basic chemicals required for life, however, the precursors required by each cell, the rate of turnover of the chemicals, and the chemicals produced by each cell differ depending on cell type. The structure and chemical composition of a cell depends on the function of the cell in an ...
CELL METABOLISM
... 1. First ATP bonds are broken, so that we are left with ADP + Pi, which releases energy; however, most of the energy stays with the broken-off phosphate, which we can then bond to the molecule that needs the energy. The process of adding a phosphate is phosphorylation. 2. The ADP molecule can then d ...
... 1. First ATP bonds are broken, so that we are left with ADP + Pi, which releases energy; however, most of the energy stays with the broken-off phosphate, which we can then bond to the molecule that needs the energy. The process of adding a phosphate is phosphorylation. 2. The ADP molecule can then d ...
19 Oxidative Phosphorylation-Electron Transport A
... To summarize the complete oxidative respiration: ...
... To summarize the complete oxidative respiration: ...
Section 1 Workbook Unit 1 ANSWERS File
... Stores genetic info., code, and controls cell activities ...
... Stores genetic info., code, and controls cell activities ...
Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
... glucose NADH electron transport chain proton-motive force ATP • About 34% of the energy in a glucose molecule is transferred to ATP during cellular respiration, making about 32 ATP • There are several reasons why the number of ATP is not known exactly ...
... glucose NADH electron transport chain proton-motive force ATP • About 34% of the energy in a glucose molecule is transferred to ATP during cellular respiration, making about 32 ATP • There are several reasons why the number of ATP is not known exactly ...
Which of the following organisms are autotrophs? algae
... outer compartment of the mitochondria out of the cell cytoplasm into the matrix of the mitochondria ...
... outer compartment of the mitochondria out of the cell cytoplasm into the matrix of the mitochondria ...
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleoside triphosphate used in cells as a coenzyme often called the ""molecular unit of currency"" of intracellular energy transfer.ATP transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism. It is one of the end products of photophosphorylation, cellular respiration, and fermentation and used by enzymes and structural proteins in many cellular processes, including biosynthetic reactions, motility, and cell division. One molecule of ATP contains three phosphate groups, and it is produced by a wide variety of enzymes, including ATP synthase, from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and various phosphate group donors. Substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration, and photophosphorylation in photosynthesis are three major mechanisms of ATP biosynthesis.Metabolic processes that use ATP as an energy source convert it back into its precursors. ATP is therefore continuously recycled in organisms: the human body, which on average contains only 250 grams (8.8 oz) of ATP, turns over its own body weight equivalent in ATP each day.ATP is used as a substrate in signal transduction pathways by kinases that phosphorylate proteins and lipids. It is also used by adenylate cyclase, which uses ATP to produce the second messenger molecule cyclic AMP. The ratio between ATP and AMP is used as a way for a cell to sense how much energy is available and control the metabolic pathways that produce and consume ATP. Apart from its roles in signaling and energy metabolism, ATP is also incorporated into nucleic acids by polymerases in the process of transcription. ATP is the neurotransmitter believed to signal the sense of taste.The structure of this molecule consists of a purine base (adenine) attached by the 9' nitrogen atom to the 1' carbon atom of a pentose sugar (ribose). Three phosphate groups are attached at the 5' carbon atom of the pentose sugar. It is the addition and removal of these phosphate groups that inter-convert ATP, ADP and AMP. When ATP is used in DNA synthesis, the ribose sugar is first converted to deoxyribose by ribonucleotide reductase.ATP was discovered in 1929 by Karl Lohmann, and independently by Cyrus Fiske and Yellapragada Subbarow of Harvard Medical School, but its correct structure was not determined until some years later. It was proposed to be the intermediary molecule between energy-yielding and energy-requiring reactions in cells by Fritz Albert Lipmann in 1941. It was first artificially synthesized by Alexander Todd in 1948.