Download INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL

SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE BASE
ENTRY AND MULTIPLICATION OF
ORGANISM RESULTS IN DISEASE
 COLONIZATION OCCURS WHEN A
MICROORGANISM INVADES THE
HOST BUT DOES NOT CAUSE
INFECTION (INJURY TO CELLS)
 COMMUNICABLE DISEASE

CHAIN OF INFECTION

INFECTIOUS AGENT OR PATHOGEN


ENDOTOXINS
EXOTOXINS
 SEE TABLE 29-1 PAGE 508 IGNATAVICIUS
 SEE TABLE 33-1 PAGE 775 POTTER &
PERRY

RESERVOIR OR SOURCE OF
PATHOGEN GROWTH
 CARRIERS
CHAIN OF INFECTION

PORTAL OF EXIT

MODE OF TRANSMISSION





DIRECT OR INDIRECT
DROPLET
AIR
VECTOR
VEHICLES
CHAIN OF INFECTION

PORTAL OF ENTRY
 (MAY BE THE SAME AS PORTAL OF EXIT)

SUSCEPTIBLE HOST
SUSCEPTIBLE HOST FACTORS
INFECTIOUS PROCESS

INCUBATION PERIOD

PRODROMAL STAGE

ILLNESS STAGE

CONVALESCENCE
INFECTIOUS ORGANISMS
PRIONS
 VIRUSES
 BACTERIA
 FUNGI
 PROTOZOA
 HELMINTHS
 MYCOPLASMS
 RICKETTSIAE


PORTAL OF ENTRY
 RESPIRATORY
 GI
 GU
 SKIN
 MUCOS MEMBRANE
 BLOOD STREAM
DEFENSES AGAINST INFECTION
NON-SPECIFIC DEFENSES

NORMAL FLORA

BODY TISSUE

ORGAN SYSTEM DEFENSE
 RESPIRATORY
 GI
 GU
INFECTIOUS PROCESS

LOCALIZED

SYSTEMIC

PATHOGENICITY
DEFENSES AGAINST INFECTION
NON-SPECIFIC DEFENSE

INFLAMMATION
 PHAGOCYTOSIS
 VASCULAR AND CELLULAR RESPONSE
 EDEMA
 PHAGOCYTOSIS
 LEUKOCYTOSIS
 INFLAMMATORY EXUDATE
 SEROUS
 SANGUINOUS
 PURULENT
SPECIFIC DEFENSES AGAINST
INFECTION

CELL- MEDIATED IMMUNITY

ANTIBODY-MEDIATED IMMUNITY
HEALTH CARE ASSOCIATED
INFECTION (NOSOCOMIAL)

INFECTIONS ACQUIRED BY THE
PATIENT IN THE HEALTH CARE
SETTING WHICH WERE NOT
PRESENT AT ADMISSION
 EXOGENOUS
 ENDOGENOUS
 IATROGENIC
METHODS OF INFECTION
CONTROL
HAND HYGIENE
 GLOVES
 CDC GUIDELINES FOR
DISINFECTION AND STERILIZATION

 STANDARD, AIRBORNE, DROPLET,
CONTACT

STANDARD PRECAUTIONS FOR ALL
MODES OF TRANSMISSION
ASSESSMENT OF PATIENT WITH
SUSPECTED INFECTION
REVIEW OF PAST DISEASES
 TRAVEL HISTORY
 IMMUNIZATION HISTORY
 STATUS OF DEFENSE MECHANISM
 PATIENT SUSCEPTIBILITY
 CLINICAL APPEARANCE AND
MANIFESTATIONS


LAB TESTING
 CULTURE AND ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY
TESTING
 CBC
 ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTARY RATE
 WBC WITH DIFFERENTIAL
 IRON LEVELS
LAB TESTING
 SEROLOGIC TESTING
 RADIOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT
NURSING DIAGNOSIS AND
PLANNING

NANDA APPROVED DIAGNOSIS

GOALS AND OUTCOMES
 MEASURABLE
 REALISTIC

PRIORITIES
INTERVENTIONS
MEDICAL AND SURGICAL ASEPSIS
 CONTROL/ELIMINATION OF
INFECTIOUS AGENTS
 CONTROL/ELIMINATION OF:

 MODES OF TRANSMISSION
 PORTALS OF ENTRY
 RESERVOIRS

HAND HYGIENE (HCP, PATIENT,
FAMILY)
INTERVENTIONS
ISOLATION PRECAUTIONS
 HYPERTHERMIA INTERVENTION

 ELIMINATE UNDERLYING CAUSE
 FEVER MANAGEMENT
HEALTH TEACHING
 ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY
 PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT
 HEALTH CARE RESOURCES

EVALUATION
MEASURE SUCCESS OF INFECTION
CONTROL TECHNIQUES
 COMPARE PATIENT’S RESPONSE TO
ACTUAL OUTCOME
 WHAT WILL YOU DO IF
GOAL/OUTCOMES NOT ACHIEVED?
