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Homework Log
Chapter 7 Pages 117 - 127
Section review page 119 due 12/1
 Section review page 125 due 12/2
 Section review page 127 due 12/3
 Week 16 warm ups 12/4
 Vocabulary page 128 due 12/7
 Extra credit review pages 128-129 due 12/11
(must write questions and the answer to get
credit)
 Chapter 7 test 12/11
 Week 17 warm ups 12/11

What will I learn Today
I will be able to describe the formation of
magma and the movement of magma.
Homework
Chapter 7 vocabulary ; define and 1 fact( due
Friday)
Study for Vocab quiz for Friday
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Chapter 7 Vocabulary
Aa
Caldera
 Cinder cone
 Composite volcano
 Crater
 Felsic lava
 Fissure
 Hot spot
 Lapilli
 Lava
 Mafic lava
 Magma


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Pahoehoe
Pillow lava
 Pyroclastic material
 Shield volcano
 Stratovolcano
 Vent
 Volcanic ash
 Volcanic block
 Volcanic bomb
 Volcanic dust
 Volcanism
 Volcano


Chapter 7 standards
Students know there are two kinds of
volcanoes: one kind with violent eruptions
producing steep slopes and the other kind
with voluminous lava flows producing gentle
slopes.
 * Students know the explanation for the
location and properties of volcanoes that are
due to hot spots and the explanation for
those that are due to subduction.

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Essential questions 7.1
Describe the formation and movement
of magma
Define Volcanism
List three locations where volcanism
occurs
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Describe the formation and
movement of magma
 Volcanoes
and Plate Tectonics
 How
do scientists determine the temperatures inside the
earth?
 Seismic
waves, near surface and surface heat flows and
computer models
 What does figure 7-1 tell you about the earth’s interior?
 It shows how temperature and pressure increase as you move
towards the core.
 How does magma form and what is magma?
 Is a rapid flow of high pressure materials to a low pressure with
no decrease in temperatures, the addition of water can increase
the speed of these flows
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Define Volcanism
 Volcanism
 What is volcanism?
 The movement of magma towards or onto the surface
 How does magma flow?
 It moves in bubbles of molten rock the flow towards the
surface until the pressure equalizes or the materials cool.
 What
does it mean when magma breaks the
surface?

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When magma breaks the surface it is a volcanic eruption
and the magma is called lava.
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List three locations where volcanism
occurs

Major Volcanic Zones
 Where
are these zones?
 Subduction

Zones, Divergent Zones and hot spots
Subduction Zones
 How
does a volcano form in this zone?
 As
the plate moves under, water and pressure cause the
plates to heat up. Melting some of the rock and allowing
it to rise, if it reaches the surface a volcano forms
 How
does an island arch form and evolve?
 The
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inland arch forms on the inside edge of the plate
above the subduction zone, a fast moving plate will allow
many islands to form.
List three locations where volcanism
occurs


Mid-Ocean Ridges
 How does magma form at these boundaries?
 As the plates pull apart a low pressure zone forms pulling
liquid rock from the mantel to the surface.
 Do we notice or not notice these eruptions, explain.
 These go mainly unnoticed since that happen under the
oceans, only in Iceland is it visible
Hot Spots
 What is a hot spot?


A place where material from the earths mantle has burned a whole
through the crust
What does figure 7-3 show?

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A volcano forming and moving off the hot spot, to allow a new
volcano to form.
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Essential Question 7.2
Summarize the relationship between lava types
and the force of volcanic eruptions.
 Describe the major types of pyroclastic
materials
 Identify the three main types of volcanic cones
 Summarize the events that may signal a
volcanic eruption

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
South Pacific


Was there anything different about this eruption?
Volcanoes – Mountains of Fire


Did this eruption have anything in common with the south
pacific eruption?
Iceland


What are some features that you noticed about the
eruption?
South America


Video Links
10 Facts on the video, be ready to share
Volcanoes 2

10 facts you found interesting from the video, be ready to
share
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Summarize the relationship between lava
types and the force of volcanic eruptions.

Volcanic Eruptions
 How
do scientists determine the types of lava?
Name and describe them.
 Chemical
analysis of the rock. Two types; Mafic and Felsic
 What
types of materials form when lava cools and
how would you describe them?
 mafic
is dark in color and rich in magnesium and iron,
felsic is lighter in color with silica and more common on
continental volcanoes
 What
 It
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happens when lava flows into Ocean?
can be explosive due to rapid cooling and can form
pillow lava
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Summarize the relationship between lava types
and the force of volcanic eruptions
 Kinds of Eruptions
 How
do oceanic volcanoes erupt and why?
A
mafic eruption, which is very hot and flows easily and
normally a quite eruption, due to lack of trapped gasses
 How
A
do continental volcanoes erupt and why?
felsic eruption, cooler and thicker and tend to be an
explosive eruption, due to large amounts of trapped
gasses.
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Describe the major types of pyroclastic materials

Volcanic Rock Fragments
 What
type of lava flow produces pyroclastic
materials?
 Mafic
lava flows quietly, but Felsic lava is explosive and at
time throws material into the air. Pyroclastic
 What
are the parts of pyroclastic materials and
describe them?
 Volcanic
ash – materials less than 2mm; worldwide
 Volcanic dust – materials less than 0.25mm; same
 Lapilli – materials less than 64mm – fall near vent
 Volcanic bombs – red hot lava that cools in the air
 Volcanic blocks – solid rock blasted from the fissure, can
be as big as a house
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Identify the three main types of volcanic cones
.

Volcanic Features
A
build up of volcanic materials around a vent are
called.
 Volcanic

cone
Types of Volcanoes
 List
and describe the three types of Volcanoes.
 Shield
– Mafic Lava, broad gentle slopes, cover large area
 Cinder – explosive eruptions (felsic), build up of materials
form steep slopes
 Composite or Stratovolcano – have both quiet and
explosive eruptions, layers of lava and pyroclastic
materials, form tall mountains
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Identify the three main types of volcanic cones

Craters and Calderas
 What
is the difference between a crater and
calderas?
 Craters
– a funnel shaped pit at the top of the
volcanic vent. Become wider over time as
materials fall back into the vent.
 Calderas – when a magma chamber is emptied the
volcanic cone may collapse, forming a basin
shaped depression
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Summarize the events that may signal a volcanic
eruption

Predicting Volcanic Eruptions
 What
are some of the methods used to predict
eruptions?
 Seismographs
– detect small earthquakes that proceed an
eruption
 Bulging of the volcano surface – caused by magma
moving up the vent
 History of the volcano
 What
are some of the problems in predicting
eruptions?
 Only
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a few volcanoes have been studied long enough
Essential Questions 7.3
Summarize the evidence for extraterrestrial
volcanism
 Explain the difference between volcanism on
Earth and on Io

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Chapter 7 Section 3 page 126

Extraterrestrial
Volcanism
One-What moon is
volcanically more active
then earth?
 Two- are other worlds
geologically dead?


The Moon


One-volcanically active?
Two-what caused
magma formation?
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One - IO
 Two – no research
of other worlds
shows volcanic
activity

One
 two

Chapter 7 Section 3 page 126 - 127

Mars



One
Two
One
 Two

Io


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One
Two
One
 two
