Download Reproduction Notes

Reproduction
All living things reproduce. There
are two types of reproduction.
Asexual Reproduction


The kind of reproduction in which it is not
necessary to have two parents to produce
offspring.
Mitosis, process in which a cell’s nucleus
replicates and divides in preparation for
division of the cell. Mitosis results in two
cells that are genetically identical, a
necessary condition for the normal
functioning of virtually all cells. Mitosis is
vital for growth; for repair and replacement
of damaged or worn out cells; and for
asexual reproduction.
Types of Asexual
Reproduction

Budding

Fission

Spore
Budding


New individual develops from some point of
the parent and eventually develops into an
organism duplicating the parent.
Bacteria - one-celled (prokaryotes) organisms visible only through a
microscope.

Yeast – eukaryotic (multi-celled) microorganisms classified in the
kingdom Fungi.

Protozoan - single-celled organisms that have membrane -enclosed
nuclei, which may form colonies.

Potatoes – plant food staple in most countries.
Examples
Bacteria drawing Bacteria Picture
Microscopic views of Protozoan
Yeast Picture
New Potato
Uses of Yeast
Potato Production
Fission


Division of the body
into two or more parts
Fission is common
among single-celled
organisms but is rare in
multicellular
organisms.

Planarians - These
soft, flat worms are
widely distributed over
land, sea and fresh
waters

Annelids - Segmented
worms
Spores

The spore is
resistant to heat,
drought, and other
adverse conditions,
remaining in a
resting state until
the environment is
favorable for
development or
germination.
Sexual Reproduction

Meiosis - process of cell division in which
the cell’s genetic information, contained in
chromosomes, is mixed and divided into
sex cells with half the normal number of
chromosomes. The sex cells can later
combine to form offspring with the full
number of chromosomes. The random
sorting of chromosomes during meiosis
assures that each new sex cell, and
therefore each new offspring, has a unique
genetic inheritance.
Types of Sexual
Reproduction

Internal
Placental – Embryo in uterus.
 Marsupial – Embryo in pouch.
 Monotreme –

• Internal - embryo egg (hatch).
• External – Embryo egg clusters in water (hatch).
Placental
LIVE BIRTH
Marsupial
Monotreme
Flower Anatomy
Proper Dissection
Anatomy Definitions








anther - the anther is the tip of a flower's stamen ( the male
reproductive organs of the plant) - it contains the pollen.
filament - the filament is the part of the flower that holds the
anther (and part of the stamen, the male reproductive
organs of the plant).
ovary - the ovary is a female reproductive organ in plants
that produces ovules. It is at the base of the pistil.
petal - a petal is one of the leafy structures that comprise a
flower. Petals are often brightly-colored and have many
different shapes.
sepal - the sepals are small leaves located directly under a
flower - they are the outermost part of a flower.
stem (also called the peduncle) - the stem supports the
plant.
stigma - the stigma is uppermost part of the pistil, the
female reproductive tissue of a flower. The stigma receives
the male pollen grains during fertilization, when they travel
through the style to the ovary.
style - the style is part of the pistil, the female reproductive
tissue of a flower. The style is a long tube on top of the
ovary, and below the stigma.