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6 CHARACTERISTICS
• Required for all living things:
• Cells
• DNA
• Energy
• Grow
• Reproduce
• Respond
CELL THEORY
• All cells come from cells.
• Cells are the basic unit
of all living things.
• All living things are
made of cells.
CELLS
• Cells are individual units (smallest
living unit) surrounded by a
membrane.
• Specialized for the job it has.
• Cells work together to make up
organisms (you).
DNA
Our genetic code/
Blueprints for life.
In ALL Cells.
Specific match-up
of 4 bases:
G=C
A=T
DNA
• CHROMATIN
– Long strands of DNA
ie: spaghetti
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
• CHROMOSOME
– Condensed DNA
ie: macaroni
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
-anyone hungry?
PROKARYOTIC
• BACTERIA cell
• Single-celled
organisms
• Reproduces
asexually.
• Can be +, -,
or neutral.
Usually spheres,
rods or spirals.
BACTERIA
EUBACTERIA
-most common
-many varieties
ARCHAEBACTERI
A
ie: yogurt, cheese
ie: salt flats, depths of
ocean, old faithful
-rare, lives where
nothing else can
TYPES OF CELLS
PROKARYOTIC
-no membranecovered
organelles.
(DNA &
ribosomes.)
ie: bacteria
EUKARYOTIC
-has membranecovered
organelles.
ie: plant & animal
EUKARYOTIC CELLS
• Cells that have
many parts
inside to carry
out different
jobs.
• Usually in multicelled organisms.
COMPARE
COMPARE AGAIN
CELL PARTS
-Separates from environment.
-Allows certain things through.
• Jell-substance between membrane &
nucleus.
• Cushions organelles.
ORGANELLES..?
• Organelles are parts of the cell that
have special jobs to do within the cell.
-similar to jobs that people have to
run a city.
• Organelles look different because of
their specific job.
LET’S GET STARTED…
NUCLEUS
-Boss; directs all
w/in the cell.
-holds DNA.
-has nucleolus
(mini-me) that
makes ribosomes.
RIBOSOMES
• Small & many.
• Non-membrane
organelles.
• Make proteins.
• Made inside of
nucleus.
• Pro & Euk cells.
E.R.
• ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
• Internal delivery system.
• Tubes & passageways to deliver
materials throughout the cell.
• SMOOTH- deliver lipids
• ROUGH- deliver proteins
E.R.
MITOCHONDRIA
-Powerhouse;
creates energy
for cell.
-double-membrane
for surface area.
GOLGI BODIES
• External
delivery service.
• Package &
deliver outside
of cell.
• VESICLESpinched off
package.
VACUOLE
• STORAGE
UNIT
• 1 large in plants
• Few small in
some animal
cells.
REVIEW COMMON PARTS
• Cell membrane-barrier
• Nucleus- boss
• Ribosomes- producer
• E.R.- Internal delivery
• Golgi Bodies- External delivery
• Mitochondria- powerhouse.
• Vacuole- storage.
PLANT CELL ONLY
CHLOROPLAST
- creates food
for cell.
–Doublemembrane for
surface area.
PLANT CELL ONLY
CELL WALL-gives
structure &
support.
-nonliving
-made of
cellulose.
ANIMAL CELL ONLY
LYSOSOMEclean up crew
–Gets rid of waste
& dead parts.
–Enzyme to break
down particles.